Motional pathway of embolus: Embolus from left heart cavity or arterial system Embolus from right heart cavity or venous system Embolus from portal veins Paradoxical embolism Retrograde ethrombus

CELLULAR ADAPTATION Excessive physiologic stresses. Some pathologic stimuli. A new, but altered state preserving the viability of the cell

Definition of pathology Pathology is to study diseases by scientific methods. Disease may be defined as an abnormal alteration of structure or function in any part of the body

FATTY CHANGE Excessive entry of free fatty acids into the liver (starvation, corticosteroid therapy). Enhanced fatty acid synthesis. Decreased fatty acid oxidation. Increased esterification of fatty acid to triglycerides (alcohol). Decreased apoprotein synthesis (CCl). Impaired lipoprotein secretion from the liver (alcohol)

1、重点: （1)颅脑损伤; （2)颈部损伤。 2、难点: （1)颅脑损伤的类型及形成机理; （2)颈部损伤的类型及形成机理

1、死因分析的意义 2、死因分类 3、死因分析的步骤 4.死因分析中较难解决的问题

1、了解被虐待儿童的临床表现; 2、熟悉被虐待儿童损伤的特点及检查方法; 3、掌握被虐待儿童的概念和法医学鉴定要

掌握电击的致死机理、形态学变化及法医学鉴定。了解雷击死(伤)的形态学变化及鉴定要点

Infections Epidemic Eerebrospinal Meningitis Epidemic Encephalitis B Degenerative diseases: Alzheimer Disease Parkinson's Disease

Structure of kidney Glomerulonephritis Pyelonephritis Tumors