Section C Embolism Embolus Emboli
Embolism Embolus Emboli
Motional pathway of embolus Embolus from left heart cavity or arterial system Embolus from right heart cavity or venous system Embolus from portal veins Paradoxical embolism Retrograde thrombus
• Embolus from left heart cavity or arterial system • Embolus from right heart cavity or venous system • Embolus from portal veins • Paradoxical embolism • Retrograde ethrombus Motional pathway of embolus:
• Fig 5-16
TTHROMBOEMBOLISM PI ulmonary 1. Large emboli(5%): Instantaneous death(60%) Cardiovascular collapse . Hemodynamic compromise
THROMBOEMBOLISM •Instantaneous death (>60%). •Cardiovascular collapse. •Hemodynamic compromise. Pulmonary 1.Large emboli (5%):
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2 Small emboli(60-80%: Clinical silent in patients without cardiovascular failure Infarctions in those with compromised pulmonary circulation(10-15%0)
2.Small emboli (60-80%): •Clinical silent in patients without cardiovascular failure. •Infarctions in those with compromised pulmonary circulation (10-15%)
3. Between the extremes of large and small emboli (10-15%0): Pulmonary hemorrhage 4. Multiple overt or covert small emboli Pulmonary hypertension and vascular sclerosis
3. Between the extremes of large and small emboli (10-15%): Pulmonary hemorrhage. 4. Multiple overt or covert small emboli: Pulmonary hypertension and vascular sclerosis
Systemic embolism 1. 80-85% from heart, secondary to myocardial infarction. 1. 5-10% from auricular thrombi associated with rheumatic heart disease and atrial fibrillation Il. 5% from the dilated cardiac chamber of myocarditis cardiomyopathy. V. Less common sources: Debris from ulcerative atheromata, or thrombi in aneurysms, infectious endocarditis prosthetic valves, paradoxical emboli. V. Unknown
Systemic embolism I. 80-85% from heart, secondary to myocardial infarction. II. 5-10% from auricular thrombi associated with rheumatic heart disease and atrial fibrillation. III. 5% from the dilated cardiac chamber of myocarditis / cardiomyopathy. VI. Less common sources: Debris from ulcerative atheromata, or thrombi in aneurysms, infectious endocarditis, prosthetic valves, paradoxical emboli. V. Unknown
Fat embolism Etiology: Fractures of long bones Soft tissue trauma Burns
Etiology: Fractures of long bones Soft tissue trauma Burns Fat embolism
Fat embolism 90% of individuals with severe skeletal Injuries 10% with clinical findings Pulmonary insufficiency Neurologic symptoms 9-20 g
90% of individuals with severe skeletal injuries 10% with clinical findings Pulmonary insufficiency Neurologic symptoms 9-20 g Fat embolism
