病因 一、影响因素 早婚早育、过早性生活、密产多产、 经济状况、种族、地理环境等 高危男子一阴茎癌、前列腺癌、前妻曾患宫颈 癌 二、人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)(HPV-16和/或18型) 单纯疱疹病毒型 人巨细胞病毒

Definition Preterm Labor: Labor occurring prior to the completion of 37 weeks' of gestation (228 weeks), or 196-258 days from the last menstrual period (LMP)

Definition Placenta previa: Abnormal location- of the placenta over,orin close proximity to the internal os. Incidence: approximately 1 /250 pregnancy nulliparas: 1/1000~1/1500 pregnancy grandmultiparas: 1/20

Definition PROM is defined as the rupture of the chorioamniotic membrane before the onset of labor

Pregnancy-induced Hypertension syndrome (Hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy) Professor of obstetrics and gynecology

General Consideration Diabetes mellitus complicating pregnancy Diabetes mellitus is diagnosed before this pregnancy Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) Carbohydrate intolerance of varying degree of severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy

淋病( gonorrhea) 目前世界上发病率最高的性传播疾病 ,由淋病奈瑟菌引起,属革兰氏阴性 双球菌 淋菌特点是侵袭粘膜,以生殖、泌尿 系统粘膜的柱状上皮与移行上皮为主 喜潮湿,怕干燥

Physiological Stages Neonatal period: birth---4 weeks Childhood: 4 weeks----12 years Puberty:12 years----18 years Sexual maturation: 18 year-=-50 year Perimenopause: decline of ovarian function(40 years)---1year postmenopause Postmenopause:

General considerations Definition In placenta previa, the placenta is implanted in the lower uterine segment and located over the internal os. It constitutes an obstruction of descent of the presenting part. Main cause of obstetrical hemorrhage Incidence 0.24%-1.57% (our country)

Definition of AFE AFE is rare obstetric emergenc in which amniotic fluid, fetal cells, hair, or other debris enter the maternal circulation, causing cardiorespiratory collapse