一、齐次线性方程组 例1设A为n阶矩阵,证明 R(A)=R(). 证明由于若Ax=0,有AAx=0,这说明凡是 Ax=0的解必为AAx=0的解。 另一方面,若AAx=0,我们记Ax=y,则有 yy=x'a'ax=x(a'Ax)=0,则y=0,亦 即Ax=0.这说明凡是AAx=0的解必为Ax=0的 解。故A'Ax=0与Ax=0的同解。当两齐次线性 方程组同解,意味着它们的基础解系包含的向 量个数相等,亦即有: n-R(A)=n-R(A'A) 所以R(A)=R(A'a)

Let=R3 and The result we have found for two /R =k, we have inputs may be extended to any v2=-k(v1+3) number of inputs

Ohm's law states that voltage across many types of conducting materials is directly proportional to the current flowing through the material. U= Ri or R= i R--resis tance()( linear resistor) The resistor is a passive element that cannot deliver power or store energy

4. Rule for elongation or reduction of R D All R.D. in the region where K1 and K2 makes an obtuse(acute) angle will increase (reduce) its length after twinning

Ch. 22 Unit root in Vector Time series 1 Multivariate Wiener Processes and multivari- ate FCLT Section 2.1 of Chapter 21 described univariate standard Brownian motion W(r) as a scalar continuous-time process(W: rE0, 1-R). The variable W(r) has a N(O, r)distribution across realization, and for any given realization, w(r) is continuous function of the date r with independent increments. If a set of k such independent processes, denoted

[理论力学]试题库(编号010104)试题01 1(20分).图示构架,杆和滑轮的自重不计,物块F重30kN,R=20cm, r=10cm,求A、C两点的约束反力

2.1 1、Statistical or random experiment 2、Sample space or population Sample point, event 2.2 Stochastic or random variable (r. v.) 2.3 Probability 2.4 R.V. and probability density function

从包汤圆(饺子)说起 假设1.皮的厚度一样2.汤圆(饺子)的形状一样 模型=ns S=k1R2,V=k2R3,R~大皮的半径 s=kr2,v=k2r3,r~小皮的半径 >V=(nv)V>nv(n>1) 应用(定量结果)v比nv大n12倍

4.3向量组的秩与最大无关组 1.向量组的秩:设向量组为T,若 (1)在T中有r个向量a1,a2,…,a,线性无关; (2)在T中有r+1个向量线性相关(如果有r+1个向量的话) 称a1,a2,…,a,为向量组为T的一个最大线性无关组, 称r为向量组T的秩,记作:秩(T)=r

多元函数 定义11.2.1设D是R上的点集,D到R的映射 f:D→R, XH> 称为n元函数,记为z=f(x)。这时,D称为f的定义域,f(D)= {∈R|z=f(x),x∈D}称为f的值域,={(x,z)∈R+1|z=f(x),x∈D}称 为f的图象