§ 7.1 电子自旋 Electron spin § 7.2 电子自旋算符与自旋波函数 Electron spin operator and spin wave function *§ 7.3 简单塞曼效应 Simple Zeeman effect § 7.4 两个角动量的耦合 Coupling of two angular momentum § 7.5 光谱的精细结构 Fine structure of the spectrum § 7.6 全同粒子的性质 The characterization of similar particles § 7.7 全同粒子系统的波函数 泡利原理 The wave function of similar particle system Pauli principle § 7.8 两个电子的波函数 The spin wave function of two electrons § 7.9 氦原子(微扰法) *§ 7.10 氢分子(海特勒-伦敦法) 化学键

2.1 波函数的统计解释 The Wave function and its statistic explanation 2.2 态叠加原理 The principle of superposition 2.3 薛定谔方程 The Schrödinger equation 2.4 粒子流密度和粒子数守恒定律 The current density of particles and conservation laws 2.5 定态薛定谔方程 Time independent Schrödinger equation 2.6 一维无限深势阱 The infinite potential well 2.7 线性谐振子 The linear harmonic oscillator 2.8 势垒贯穿 The transmission of potential barrier

Nobel Lecture december 13. 1946 The history of the discovery of the exclusion principle m, for which I have received the honor of the Nobel Prize award in the year 1945, goes back to my students days in Munich. While, in school in Vienna, I had already ob- tained some knowledge of classical physics and the then new Einstein rel- ativity theory, it was at the University of Munich that I was introduced by Sommerfeld to the structure of the atom- somewhat strange from the point of view of classical physics. I was not spared the which every

整个科学的发展与全人类的文化是分不开的,在西方是这样,在中国也是如此。可是科 学的发展在西方与中国并不完全一样。在西方,尤其是如果把希腊文化也算作西方文化的话, 可以说,近代西方科学的发展和古希腊有更密切的联系。在古希腊时也和现代的想法基本相 似,即觉得要了解宇宙的构造,就要追问最后的元素是什么

1、转动惯量为I,电矩为D的平面转子处在均匀电场E中,电场是在转子运动的平面上,用微扰法求转子能量的修正值 2、转子惯量为I,电矩为D的空间转子处在均匀弱电场E中,用微扰法求转子基态能量的二级修正

1、在温度下T=0k附近,钠的价电子能量约为3电子伏特,求其德布罗意波长。 2、求与下列各粒子相关的德布罗意波长。 (1)能量为100电子伏特的自由电子; (2)能量为0.1电子伏特的自由中子;

1. Floquet-Bloch 定理 粒子在周期性势场中运动时，它的状态介于束缚态与非束缚态之间，而能谱具有能带式的结构。以 一维情况为例，周期性势场指的是：

1、设粒子的归一化波函数为(x,y2),求 (1)在(xx+dx)范围内找到粒子的几率; (2)在(y,y2)范围内找到粒子的几率; (3)在(x1,x2)及(1=2)范围内找到粒子的几率

1．基本的和导出的力学量算符 我们在§1.1 中已经引入了用算符来代表力学量的概念。 算符就是可以作用于波函数把它变成另一个函数的运算。所以，在本质上，算符属于“函数变换” 这一类的数学对象

Nobel lecture december 12, 1933 On passing through an optical instrument, such as a telescope or a camera lens, a ray of light is subjec reflecting surface. The path of the rays can be constructed if we know the two simple laws which govern the changes in direction: the law of refrac- tion which was discovered by Snellius a few hundred years ago, and the law of reflection with which Archimedes was familiar more than 2,000 years ago