1. The structure of am b differs from those of either a or B 2. Its composition is variable to more or lessextension 3. Mixed bonding 4. Intermediate properties

3. 1 Basic concepts of al loys 1. Definition An alloy is the combination of metal(s) with other elements through chemical bonding. Termino logy

4.9 Comparison Between Slip and Twinning Similar ity Both slip and twinning are shear process under shear stress T I. Differences 1. Orientation 2. Atom movement 3.y,△ a) Structure: Twinning is easy 4. Conditions b) Temperature da d c) Strain rate (c

2. Classification of materials based on structure Regularity in atom arrangement periodic or not (amorphous)

2.3 Crystal Structure and Complex Lattice | Crystal structure is the real arrangement of atom in crystals Crystal structure Space lattice Basis or structure unit

Chapter 1 Atomic Structure and Bonding 1.1 Atomic structure Atomic numbers and atomic masses 1. Atomic Models

1.形态结构:球形,120-300nm,核心为线性双链DNA,衣壳为20面体立体对称,有包膜及包膜刺突 2.除EBV外,均可在人二倍体细胞核内复制,产生明显CPE(如多核巨细胞等),核内有嗜酸性包涵体。 3.病毒感染后可表现为①增殖性感染 ②潜伏性感染;③整合感染。 4.多可垂直传播感染胎儿或新生儿

肝炎病毒是引起病毒性肝炎 的病原体。目前公认的肝炎病毒 有5种:即HAV、HBV、HCV、HDV HEV等。 近年来还发现一些与人类肝 炎相关的病毒,如HFV、HGV TTV等

第一节病毒的感染方式 一、水平传播:不同个体之间的传播。 通过皮肤传播:如经创伤、叮咬。通过粘膜传播:如经呼吸道、肠道粘膜、性接触等。医源性传播:如经注射、 输血、拔牙等传播

目的要求 1、掌握:真菌的定义。 2、熟悉:真菌的致病机理;常见病原性真菌的致病性。 3、了解:真菌的生物学特性、微生物学检查、防治原则、主要致病性真菌的生物学特性