定义在假设y=y(x),即第i步计算是精确的前提下,考 虑的截断误差R=y(x)-y称为局部截断误差鬥 local truncation error

8.10 Signal transduction and two-component regulatory system VI. Differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes in gene expression V. RNA-Based Regulation 8.11 RNA Regulation and Antisense RNA 8.12 Riboswitches 8.13 Attenuation 弱化作用

III. DNA-Binding Proteins and Regulation of Transcription by Negative and Positive Control (Transcriptional level regulation) DNA结合蛋白与转录水平的调控 8.5 Negative control of transcription: Repression and Induction转录的负调控 8.6 Positive Control of Transcription ----Activator mediated regulation by protein-DNA binding IV. Global Regulation Mechanisms 8.7 Catabolite Repression ----Global control and the lac operon代谢分解物抑制 8.8 Other global control network 8.9 Quorum Sensing 群体感应

I. Overview of Regulation 8.1 Major modes of regulation II. Regulation of Enzyme Activity (Posttranslational level regulation) 8.2 Noncovalent enzyme inhibition 酶活的非共价抑制 8.3 Covalent Modification of Enzyme 酶的共价修饰 III. DNA-Binding Proteins and Regulation of Transcription by Negative and Positive Control (Transcriptional level regulation) 转录水平调控

已知x1…xm;y 求一个简单易算的近 似函数P(x)≈fx)使得∑Px)-P最小 已知{a,b上定义的fx),求一个简单易算的 近似函数P(x)使得』P(x)-f(x)最小 定义线性无关 linearly independent函数族{a(x)

一、计算矩阵的主特征根及对应的特征向量 原始幂法/ the original method条件:A4有特征根>2…≥20,对应n个线性无关的特征向晶 nt youshbaye to

III. ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS USED IN VIVO 体内使用的抗微生物制剂 Selective toxicity选择毒性 Can be used internally可体内使用 Chemotherapeutic agents化学治疗剂 6.6 Synthetic Antimicrobial Drugs 人工合成的抗微生物药物 6.7 Antibiotics: Naturally occurring antimicrobial drugs 抗生素 IV. ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE AND DRUG DISCOVERY 抗药性与新药研制 6.8 Antimicrobial drug resistance

I. Physical Antimicrobial Control 6.1 Heat Sterilization 6.2 Radiation Sterilization 6.3 Filter Sterilization II. Chemical Antimicrobial Control Antiseptics防腐剂 Disinfectants消毒剂 Sterilants杀菌剂 6.4 Chemical Growth Control 6.4.1 Effect of antimicrobial agents on growth 6.4.2 Measuring antimcirobial activity 6.5 Chemical antimicrobial agents for external use

5.10 Effect of Temperature on Growth 5.11 Microbial growth at cold temperatures 5.12 Microbial growth at high temperatures 5.14 Osmotic Effects on Microbial Growth 渗透压影响 5.15 Oxygen and microbial growth Aerobes好氧菌 • Strict Aerobes专性好氧菌 • Microaerophiles微好氧菌 • Facultative aerobes兼性好氧菌 Anaerobes厌氧菌 • Aerotolerant anaerobes耐氧的厌氧菌 • Obligate (strict) anaerobes专性厌氧菌 5.16 Toxic forms of oxygen

求解Ax=b时,A和b的误差对解x有何影响?设A精确,硝误差δb,得到的解为x+δ元,即绝对误差放大因子