“模态”一词是英文“modal”的音译,原意为“样式的”,“情态的”。模态逻辑是研究包 含模态词“必然”、“可能”的模态命题及其推理的科学。模态逻辑历史很悠久,早在两千多年 前,亚里士多德就对模态命题做过许多讨论,研究了模态词和模态三段论,但在很长一段时间 里模态逻辑的价值被忽略了,因而模态逻辑基本上没有得到发展。直到本世纪初,美国逻辑学 家 Lewis用数理逻辑的方法和观点对模态逻辑作了系统的研究,这才使模态逻辑的发展进入了 一个崭新的时期

广东有电始于1888年(清光绪十四年),当时两广总 督张之洞外购进发电机在广州总督府衙门安装发电, 供电灯照明。 1890年,旅美华商人开办广州电灯公司,安装美 国产100马力(73.6kW)柴油发电机2台,供商店和公 共场所照明,是中国民族资本最早经营的电灯公司, 比中国第一家英办的上海电气公司晚8年,与世界最早 使用弧光灯的法国巴黎火车站电厂相差15年。 到清朝末的1911年,全省有广州汕头两家电灯 公司,发电装机容量共1300kW

层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,简称AHP)是对一些较为复杂、较为模 糊的问题作出决策的简易方法,它特别适用于那些难于完全定量分析的问题。它是美 国运筹学家T.L. Saaty教授于70年代初期提出的一种简便、灵活而又实用的多准则 决策方法

Table of contents PARTO- PRELUDE: REVIEW OF \UNIFIED ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS\ 0.1 What it's all about 0. 2 Definitions and fundamentals ideas of thermodynamics 0.3 Review of thermodynamics concepts

a B: The second Law of Thermodynamics [AW 42-50: VN Chapter 5; VwB&S-6.3, 6.4, Chapter 7 1. B. Concept and statements of the Second law why do we need a second law?) The unrestrained expansion, or the temperature equilibration of the two bricks, are familiar

PARTO- PRELUDE: REVIEW OF UNIFIED ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS [AW pp 2-22, 32-41(see IAW for detailed SB&vw references): VN Chapter 1] 0.1 What it's all about The focus of thermodynamics in 16.050 is on the production of work, often in the form of kinetic energy(for example in the exhaust of a jet engine)or shaft power

PART 2- POWER AND PROPULSION CYCLE 2A -Gas Power and propulsion cycles SB&vW-118,119,11.10,11.11,11.12,1113,11.14] In this section we analyze several gas cycles used in practical applications for propulsion and power generation, using the air standard cycle. The air standard cycle is an the actual cycle behavior, and the term specifically refers to analysis using the folpproximation to assumptions

Part 2.: introduction to thermochemistry SB&VW-14.1-14.6 Until now, we have specified the heat given to the devices analyzed, and not concerned ourselves with how this heat might be produced. In this section, we examine the issue of how obtain the heat needed for work

Introduction to Engineering Heat Transfer These notes provide an introduction to engineering heat transfer. Heat transfer processes set limits to the performance of aerospace components and systems and the subject is one of an enormous range of application. The notes are intended to describe the three types of heat transfer and provide basic tools to enable the readers to estimate the magnitude of heat transfer rates in realistic aerospace

开篇案例 例1.微软公司和比尔.盖茨 电脑神童比尔盖茨创建了微软 公司。 大约30年前名书生气十足、对 被称作计算机的新奇设备颇有天赋的 男孩子把他编制的第一套软件——课 程管理系统,卖给了他就读的西雅图 高中,得到了4200美元的报酬