1. Living matter is composed mostly of the lighter elements 1.1 The composition of living matter is strikingly different from that of its physical environment(1810s) 1.2 The elements found in living organisms also exist in nature(especially in seawater and atmosphere)

1. Biomembranes are organized, sheetlike assemblies consisting mainly of proteins and lipids 1.1 The functions carried out by membranes are diverse and indispensable for life. 1.1.1 Biomembranes give cells their individuality by separating them from the environment

1.1 The Definition of Metabolism The highly integrated network of chemical transformations. Degradation (decreasing order, thus energy releasing) to provide energy, catabolism; Synthesis (increasing order, thus energy consuming) to provide building materials, anabolism

一、糖的概念 糖类物质是多羟基(2个或以上)的醛类aldehyde)或酮类(Ketone)化合物,以及它们的衍生物或聚合 物

一、什么是蛋白质? 蛋白质(protein)是由许多氨基酸 amino acids)通过肽键(peptide bond)相连形成的高分子含氮化合物

Outline 5.1 Proteins Linear Polymers of Amino acids 5.2 Architecture 5.3 Many Biological Functions 5.4 May be Conjugated with Other Groups 5.6 Purification 5.7 Primary Structure Determination 5.8 Consider the Nature of Sequences

❖ biochemistry的概念 ❖ biochemistry研究任务和内容 ❖ biochemistry与有关科学的关系 ❖ Biochemistry 发展简史 ❖ Biochemistry的应用 ❖ biochemistry的学习方法

第一节 物质代谢的特点 1、整体性 各种物质代谢之间互有联系,相互依存

1氨基酸 (一)蛋白质水解最后成为氨基酸混合物 酸水解得19种L-AA,色氨酸破坏 碱水解得色氨酸,其余氨基酸消旋破坏。 酶水解不消旋破坏,但水解不彻底

DNA重组 同源重组(homologous recombination) 接合作用(cformation) 转导作用(transduction) 位点特异的重组(site-specific recombination) 转座(transposition)