Short stature Below the 3rd percentile or -2SD than that of his or her peers Short stature has many causes, the pathologic short stature should be suspected in children who have an abnormal growth velocity or who are significantly short for their family

Incidence Thyroid hormone deficiency may:or acquired Congenital: most cases are hypoplasia or aplasia of the thyroid gland

The scope of pediatrics Pediatrics is the study of growth and development of the child from the genetic background and moment of conception through adolescence. It is the science and art of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the diseases of children from birth through adolescence, whether these disturbances be physical, mental, or emotional

小儿造血特点 Development of the hematopoietic system ·出生前造血(Hematopoiesis) -中胚叶(mesoblastic) 一肝造血(hepatic) 骨髓(bone marrow)

REGULAR PATTERN OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT continuous process Different rate of development in various systems General pattern Individual variance Puberty13yr(F)/15yr(M)

Inborn errors of metabolism Overview Disorders in which defects of single gene cause clinically significant blocks in metabolic pathways Many kinds of disorders Lower incidence Clinical manifestations vary widely: mental retardation, seizure, hypotonia, failure to thrive

Main Points Historical changes in the definition or name of the disease Different views and definitions at home and abroad What is basis for the category

Background and Introduction Billirubin Metabolism Special problems in neonates Dangerous of the Hyperbillirubinemia The diseases in relation with Neonatal Jaundice

Introduction he or hibd? The relation with asphyxia How and when it happens Clinical diagnosis Advances in treating

Nutrition Basal matabolism Maintain basic physiologic activity Energy Special motility for food digestion peristalsis infant 7%-8% digestion absorption elder children 5%