1. The traditional role of tribute 2. Tributaries of the late Ming Table 1: Ming tributaries c. 1587 3. The Li Fan Yuan (Court of Colonial Affairs) under the Ch'ing 4. Ch'ing tributaries from the south and east,-general regulations Table 2: Regular Ch'ing tributaries Table 3: Frequency and routes of tribute 5. European countries in the tributary system Table 4: European embassies to the Court of Peking 6. Ch'ing tribute embassies and foreign trade Table 5: Tribute embassies 1662-1911 Table 6: Non-tributary trading countries 1818 7. A selected list of Ch'ing works 1644-1860 on maritime relations 8. Index of tributaries listed in six editions of the Collected Statutes

第一节 概 述 generalization 一、概述generalization 分析化学、化学分析、仪器分析定义及区别 二、仪器分析的特点 characteristic of instrument analysis 第二节 仪器分析分类与进展 classification and development of instrument analysis 一、仪器分析的发展历程 developing process of instrument analysis 二、仪器分析的分类 classification analysis 三、仪器分析的分析过程 analytical process of instrument analysis 四、分析仪器 analytical instrument 五、仪器分析应用领域 application range of instrument analysis 第三节 课程主要内容与学习方法 main content and learning methods of the course 一、课程主要内容 main content of the course 二、课程的性质和目标 property and goal of the course 三、课程的学习方法 learning method of the course 四、参考资料 references

al Identity ll Problem of synchronic identity for persons: under what conditions are two simultaneous person-events events in the life of the same person? Problem of diachronic identity for persons under what conditions are two person-stages stages in the life of a single person. In particular, what makes a particular person-stage a continuation of me as I am right now? Background desiderata: an account of personal identity should allow for the possibility of anticipation and memory, i.e., of individual psychological connections between different person stages. It should also allow us to justify our practices of

§17-1 The Coherence of Light 光的 相干性 §17-2 Two Beams Interference 双缝干涉 §17-3 Optic Path & Optic Path Difference 光程与光程差 §17-4 Interference by Division of Amplitude 薄膜干涉⎯⎯ 等厚条纹 §17-5 Michelson’ Interferometer 麦克耳孙干涉仪 Part One Interference of Light 第一部分 光的干涉 §17-7 Diffraction from Single Slit 单缝的夫琅和费衍射 §17-6 Diffraction of Light Huygens-Fresnel’s Principle 光的衍射现象 惠更斯⎯ 菲涅耳原 理 Part Two Diffraction of Light 第二部分 光的衍射 §17-8 Diffraction Grating 光栅衍射 §17-10 x-ray Diffraction 射线的衍射（自学） §17-9 Resolving Power of Optical Instrument 光学仪器的分辨本领（自学） §17-11 Nature Light & Polarized Light 自然光和偏振光 Polarization of Light Law of Malus 起偏和检偏 马吕斯定律 §17-12 Polarization by Reflection 反射和折射时光的偏振 §17-13 Double Reflection 光的双折射（自学） §17-14 Optic Strese Analysis（自学） Part Three Polarization of Light 第三部分 光的偏振

10.3.1.4 Reaction of amide with formaldehyde 10.3.2 Catalysis 10.3.2.1 Theory of proton catalysis 10.3.2.2 Theory of Louis-acid Catalysis 10.3.3 Reaction on the agents of amide/ formaldehyde with cellulose 10.4 Principle of anti-crease 10.5 Quality of finished fabric 10.6 其它整理方法 10.7 Finish of lower formaldehyde and super lower formaldehyde as well as non-formaldehyde

I. Racist Propositions Appiah distinguishes three importantly different ideas relevant to race and racism: Racialism: ...there are heritable characteristics, possessed by members of our species, that allow us to divide them into a small set of races, in such a way that all the members of these races share certain traits and tendencies with each other that they do not share with members of any other race. These traits and tendencies characteristic of a race constitute, on the racialist view, a sort of racial essence; and it is part of the content of racialism that the essential

The scope of pediatrics Pediatrics is the study of growth and development of the child from the genetic background and moment of conception through adolescence. It is the science and art of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the diseases of children from birth through adolescence, whether these disturbances be physical, mental, or emotional

Milk is a fluid secreted by the female of all mamalian species, of which there are more than 4000, for the primary function of meeting the complete nutritional requirements of the neonate of the species. In addition, milk serves several physiological functions for the neonate. Most of the non- nutritional functions of milk are served by proteins and peptides which

1. Kinematics of Mechanism: the study of motion without regard to forces That is about motion of the components and the basic geometry of the mechanism, and is not concerned with the forces which cause or affect the motion all the components of the mechanism are, in general considered rigid member 2. Kinetics or Dynamics of Mechanisms: the study of forces on the system in motion

Equilibrium between slag and molten iron at 1600℃ was investigated for the direct alloying of steel with Nb2O6-bearing slag. The activity of niobium oxide in the slag was measured. The αNb2O5 is in the range of 10-2-10-4. TheδNb2O5 is ranged in 100-10-2.Niobium partition decreases with the increase of[Si]% and CaO/SiO2. When α[0] and ΣFeO decrease, niobium partition decreases too. The δNb2o5 and the ratio of γsiO2 to γNb2O5 decrease with the incre-ase of slag basicity. The suitable thermodynamic conditions in direct alloying of steel with Nb2O5-bearing slag have been found