床病理 兆新教癌 aoxin Tar ofweterinary Medic rsity, guangs 042
Veterinary Clinical Pathology 兽医临床病理学 主讲：唐兆新教授 Prof. Zhaoxin Tang College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China , 510642
Preface Veterinary Clinical Pathology: Veterinary Laboratory Medicine Include: I Clinical Hematology 2 Clinical biochemistry 3 Clinical cytology 4 Clinical microbiology 5 Clinical parasitology 6 Clinical toxicology
Preface Veterinary Clinical Pathology: Veterinary Laboratory Medicine Include: 1 Clinical Hematology 2 Clinical biochemistry 3 Clinical cytology 4 Clinical microbiology 5 Clinical parasitology 6 Clinical toxicology
Preface General Laboratory concepts Veterinarians have many choices regarding laboratory testing. Important factors include: Need and usefulness Practicality - Cost-effectiveness Accuracy Turnaround time
Preface General Laboratory concepts Veterinarians have many choices regarding laboratory testing. Important factors include: --Need and usefulness --Practicality --Cost-effectiveness --Accuracy --Turnaround time
Complete blood Count and Bone marrow Examination: general comments and selected techniques Complete blood count Quantitation techniques Blood smear analysis Other determinations Bone marrow examination Bone marrow biopsy and aspirate
Complete Blood Count and Bone Marrow Examination:general comments and selected techniques • Complete blood count • Quantitation techniques • Blood smear analysis • Other determinations • Bone marrow examination • Bone marrow biopsy and aspirate
Complete blood count(CBC CBC is a profile of tests used to describe the quantity and quality of the cellular elements in blood and a few substances in plasma. CBC is a cost-effective screen the detects many abnormalities and disease conditions Bone marrow examination is used in selected instances to answer questions the more readily available cbc cannot
Complete blood count (CBC) • CBC is a profile of tests used to describe the quantity and quality of the cellular elements in blood and a few substances in plasma. • CBC is a cost-effective screen the detects many abnormalities and disease conditions. • Bone marrow examination is used in selected instances to answer questions the more readily available CBC cannot
Quantitation Techniques Sample submission Microhemotcrit Hemoglobin concentration Cell counts Absolute nucleated rbc count Automated hematology cell counters
Quantitation Techniques • Sample submission • Microhemotcrit • Hemoglobin concentration • Cell counts • Absolute nucleated RBC count • Automated hematology cell counters
Blood Smear analysis Making the smear Stains Evaluating blood smears platelet morphology leukocyte morphology leukocyte estimation --leukocyte differential count erythrocyte morphology
Blood Smear Analysis • Making the smear • Stains • Evaluating blood smears --platelet morphology --leukocyte morphology --leukocyte estimation --leukocyte differential count --erythrocyte morphology
Bone marrow examination Bone marrow is usually examined to answer certain question that arose from evaluating the CBC Indications for bone marrow examination include: nonregenerative anemia Persistent neutropenia Persistent thrombocytopenia Unexplained polycythemia or thrombocytosis Atypical cells in blood
Bone Marrow Examination • Bone marrow is usually examined to answer certain question that arose from evaluating the CBC. • Indications for bone marrow examination include: --nonregenerative anemia --Persistent neutropenia --Persistent thrombocytopenia --Unexplained polycythemia or thrombocytosis --Atypical cells in blood
Erythrocytes Basic concepts of erythrocyte function, metabolism, production and breakdown Heme synthesis Globin synthesis Iron metabolism
Erythrocytes • Basic concepts of erythrocyte function,metabolism, production and breakdown • Heme synthesis • Globin synthesis • Iron metabolism
Erythrocyte metabolism Embden-meyerhof pathway --Glycolysis generates ATP and NADH Pentose phosphate pathway -This pathway produces NADPh Methemoblobin reductase pathway Methemoglobin(Fe3+) cannot transport oxygen Rapoport-luebering pathway -2, 3 diphosphoglycerate(2, 3 DPG)
Erythrocyte metabolism • Embden-meyerhof pathway --Glycolysis generates ATP and NADH • Pentose phosphate pathway --This pathway produces NADPH • Methemoblobin reductase pathway --Methemoglobin(Fe3+) cannot transport oxygen • Rapoport-luebering pathway --2,3 diphosphoglycerate(2,3 DPG)