2000年6月全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案 Part I Listening Comprehension(20 minutes) Section a Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. during the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),c)and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Example You will hear You will read A)2 hours B)3 hours C)4 hours. D)5 hours From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o'clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the Afternoon Therefore, D)5 hours"'is the correct answer. You should choose [d] on the answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center. Sample Answer [A] [C][D 1. A) She is not interested in the article. BShe has given the man much trouble c she would like to have a copy of the article D)She doesn't want to take the trouble to read the article. 2. A)He saw the big tower he visited on TV. BHe has visited the tv tower twice C) He has visited the tv tower once DHe will visit the TV tower in June. 3. A) The woman regrets having taken up much of the professors BThe woman regrets having taken up much of the professors time c) The woman knows the professor has been busy. D) The woman knows the professor has run into trouble. 4. A)He doesn't enjoy business trips as much as he used to BHe doesnt think he is capable of doing the job. C)He thinks the pay is too low to support his family. D He wants to spend more time with his family. 5. A) The man thought the essay was easy. BThey both had a hard time writing the essay. c) The woman thought the essay was easy. D)Neither of them has finished the assignment yet. 6. A)In the park
2000 年 6 月全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案 Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Example: You will hear: You will read: A) 2 hours. B) 3 hours. C) 4 hours. D) 5 hours. From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center. Sample Answer [A] [C] [D] 1. A) She is not interested in the article. B) She has given the man much trouble. C) She would like to have a copy of the article. D) She doesn’t want to take the trouble to read the article. 2. A) He saw the big tower he visited on TV. B) He has visited the TV tower twice. C) He has visited the TV tower once. D) He will visit the TV tower in June. 3. A) The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor’s time. B) The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor’s time. C) The woman knows the professor has been busy. D) The woman knows the professor has run into trouble. 4. A) He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to. B) He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the job. C) He thinks the pay is too low to support his family. D) He wants to spend more time with his family. 5. A) The man thought the essay was easy. B) They both had a hard time writing the essay. C) The woman thought the essay was easy. D) Neither of them has finished the assignment yet. 6. A) In the park
B)Between two buildings. C)In his apartment. DUnder a huge tree. 7. A) It's awfully dull B)It's really exciting c)It's very exhausting. DIt's quite challenging 8. A)A movie. BAlect C) A play. D)A speech 9. A) The weather is mild compared to the past years. B They are having the coldest winter ever. C)The weather will soon get warmer. D) The weather may get even colder. 0. A)A mystery story. B)The hiring of a shop assistant. C)The search for a reliable witness. D) An unsolved case of robbery. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), Bl cand D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage one Questions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard 11. A) They want to change the way English is taught. BThey learn English to find well-paid jobs. c) They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English. D) They know clearly what they want to learn 12. A) Professionals. B)College students. c)Beginners. D)Intermediate learners. 13. A) Courses for doctors. B)Courses for businessmen. C)Courses for reporters. D)Courses for lawyers. 14. A)Three groups of learners. BThe importance of business English. C) English for Specific Purposes D) Features of English for different purposes
B) Between two buildings. C) In his apartment. D) Under a huge tree. 7. A) It’s awfully dull. B) It’s really exciting. C) It’s very exhausting. D) It’s quite challenging. 8. A) A movie. B) A lecture. C) A play. D) A speech. 9. A) The weather is mild compared to the past years. B) They are having the coldest winter ever. C) The weather will soon get warmer. D) The weather may get even colder. 10. A) A mystery story. B) The hiring of a shop assistant. C) The search for a reliable witness. D) An unsolved case of robbery. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage one Questions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11. A) They want to change the way English is taught. B) They learn English to find well-paid jobs. C) They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English. D) They know clearly what they want to learn. 12. A) Professionals. B) College students. C) Beginners. D) Intermediate learners. 13. A) Courses for doctors. B) Courses for businessmen. C) Courses for reporters. D) Courses for lawyers. 14. A) Three groups of learners. B) The importance of business English. C) English for Specific Purposes. D) Features of English for different purposes
Passage Two Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard. 15. A) To show off their wealth. B)To feel good c To regain their memory D)To be different from others. 16. A) To help solve their psychological problems B) To play games with them. c) To send them to the hospital. To make them aware of its harmfulness. 17. A) They need care and affection. B They are fond of round-the-world trips. c They are mostly form broken families. D They are likely to commit crimes. Passage Three Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 18. A) Because it was too heavy BBecause it did not bend easily c)Because it did not shoot far. D)Because its string was short. 19. A)It went out of use 300 years ago. BIt was invented after the short bow. C)It was discovered before fire and the wheel D)It's still in use today. 20. A) They are accurate and easy to pull B)Their shooting range is 40 yards c) They are usually used indoors. D) They took 100 years to develop. Part Ii Vocabulary and structure( 20 minutes Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,b), cand d). choose the oNE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 21. As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order we have to A)postpone Brefu c)dela D)cancel 22. These books, which you can get at any bookshop will give you you need A)all the information Ball the informati c)all of information
Passage Two Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard. 15. A) To show off their wealth. B) To feel good. C) To regain their memory. D) To be different from others. 16. A) To help solve their psychological problems. B) To play games with them. C) To send them to the hospital. D) To make them aware of its harmfulness. 17. A) They need care and affection. B) They are fond of round-the-world trips. C) They are mostly form broken families. D) They are likely to commit crimes. Passage Three Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 18. A) Because it was too heavy. B) Because it did not bend easily. C) Because it did not shoot far. D) Because its string was short. 19. A) It went out of use 300 years ago. B) It was invented after the short bow. C) It was discovered before fire and the wheel. D) It’s still in use today. 20. A) They are accurate and easy to pull. B) Their shooting range is 40 yards. C) They are usually used indoors. D) They took 100 years to develop. Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes) Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 21. As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to ________ it. A) postpone B) refuse C) delay D) cancel 22. These books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you ________ you need. A) all the information B) all the information C) all of information
Dall of the information 23. Not until the game had begun at the sports ground A)had he arrived B)would he have arrived c) did he arrive D) should he have arrived 24. Young people are not to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in A)conservative Content c)confident D)generous 5. Most broadcasters maintain that tv has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is A) granted B)implied C)exaggerated D)remedied 26. These surveys indicate that many crimes go by th police, mainly because not all victims report them A)unrecorded Bto be unrecorded cunrecording D to have been unrecorded 27. I have no objection your story agaIn A)to hear B)to heari c to having heard Dto have heard 28. The clothes a person wears may express his or social position. A)curiosity Status c determination D)significance 29. By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have opportunity to change his mind A)accurate Urgent c)excessive Adequate 30. You will see this product wherever you go A)to be advertised Advertised
D) all of the information 23. Not until the game had begun ________ at the sports ground. A) had he arrived B) would he have arrived C) did he arrive D) should he have arrived 24. Young people are not ________ to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in. A) conservative B) content C) confident D) generous 25. Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is ________. A) granted B) implied C) exaggerated D) remedied 26. These surveys indicate that many crimes go ________ by the police, mainly because not all victims report them. A) unrecorded B) to be unrecorded C) unrecording D) to have been unrecorded 27. I have no objection ________ your story again. A) to hear B) to hearing C) to having heard D) to have heard 28. The clothes a person wears may express his ________ or social position. A) curiosity B) status C) determination D) significance 29. By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have ________ opportunity to change his mind. A) accurate B) urgent C) excessive D) adequate 30. You will see this product ________ wherever you go. A) to be advertised B) advertised
c)advertis D)advertising 31. The early pioneers had to many hardships to settle on the new land A) go along with Bgo back c)go through D go into 32. The suggestion that the major the prizes was accepted y everyone. A)would prese B)present c) presents D)ought to pre 33. Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women. A)whose B)which C) that D)what 34. Peter who had been driving all day, suggested at the next town A)to ste B)stopping c)stop stopped 35, i didn't know the word i had to a dictionary. A)look out B)make out C) refer to D)go over 36. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds arguments in favour of the new theory. A to be based on Bto base on c) which to base on )on which to base 37. There are signs restaurants are becoming more popular with families. A)that B)which c)in which D)whose 38. I think I was at school, I was staying with a friends
C) advertise D) advertising 31. The early pioneers had to ________ many hardships to settle on the new land. A) go along with B) go back on C) go through D) go into 32. The suggestion that the major ________ the prizes was accepted by everyone. A) would present B) present C) presents D) ought to present 33. Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, ________ overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women. A) whose B) which C) that D) what 34. Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested ________ at the next town. A) to stop B) stopping C) stop D) having stopped 35. I didn’t know the word. I had to ________ a dictionary. A) look out B) make out C) refer to D) go over 36. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds ________ his arguments in favour of the new theory. A) to be based on B) to base on C) which to base on D) on which to base 37. There are signs ________ restaurants are becoming more popular with families. A) that B) which C) in which D) whose 38. I think I was at school, ________ I was staying with a friends
during the vacation when i heard the news. A)or else Band then )even so 39. It is said that the math teacher seems towards bright A) partial Beneficial c) preferable Liable 40. In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took trouble over the figures. A)extensive B)spare c)extra D)supreme 41.-"May I speak to your manager Mr Williams at five o'clock tonight -"I'm sorry Mr Williams to a conference long before then A)will have gone Had gone c)would have gone D) has g 42. You him so closely; you should have kept your distance. A)shouldnt follow B)mustn't foll C)couldn't' have been following D shouldn't have been following 43. The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns and of training and retraining schemes, more women to take advantage of employment opportunities. A)have allowed B)叫llw c)allowi D)allow 44. Everybod in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary. A)assembled Accumulated c) piled D)joined 45. Putting in a new window will cutting away part of the
during the vacation when I heard the news. A) or else B) and then C) or so D) even so 39. It is said that the math teacher seems ________ towards bright students. A) partial B) beneficial C) preferable D) liable 40. In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took ________ trouble over the figures. A) extensive B) spare C) extra D) supreme 41. —“May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams at five o’clock tonight?” —“I’m sorry. Mr. Williams ________ to a conference long before then.” A) will have gone B) had gone C) would have gone D) has gone 42. You ________ him so closely; you should have kept your distance. A) shouldn’t follow B) mustn’t follow C) couldn’t’ have been following D) shouldn’t have been following 43. The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, ________ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities. A) have allowed B) allow C) allowing D) allows 44. Everybody ________ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary. A) assembled B) accumulated C) piled D) joined 45. Putting in a new window will ________ cutting away part of the
roof A)incude B)involve c) contain 46. Living in the western part of the country has its problems, obtaining fresh water is not the least. A) with which Bfor which c)of which D) which ne of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to s30 million. A) face B)time cevent D)course 48. The manager would rather his daughter in the same office A)had not worked B not to work c) does not work D)did not work he does get annoyed with her sometimes. A) Although much he likes her BMuch although he likes her C) As he likes her much D)Much as he likes her 50. The british constitution is a large extent a product of the historical events described above A)within B)to c by D) Part III Reading Comprehension(35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A),B c)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(a ) decisions that denied victory
roof. A) include B) involve C) contain D) comprise 46. Living in the western part of the country has its problems, ________ obtaining fresh water is not the least. A) with which B) for which C) of which D) which 47. In the ________ of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to $30 million. A) face B) time C) event D) course 48. The manager would rather his daughter ________ in the same office. A) had not worked B) not to work C) does not work D) did not work 49. ________, he does get annoyed with her sometimes. A) Although much he likes her B) Much although he likes her C) As he likes her much D) Much as he likes her 50. The British constitution is ________ a large extent a product of the historical events described above. A) within B) to C) by D) at Part III Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory
to their team. a researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament(锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in arge Observers noted down the referees'errors of which there were 61 over the tournament converted to a standard match of 90 minutes each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number. The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters The research shows the optimum(最佳的) distance is about20 meters There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second If FIFA, football's international ruling body wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball the researcher argues. He also says that FIFA's insistence that referees should retire at age 5 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical. 51. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to A )review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup B analyse the causes of errors made by football referees c) set a standard for football refereeing D reexamine the rules for football refereeing 52. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was A)slightly above average Higher than in the 1998 World Cup c) quite unexpected D)as high as in a standard match 53. The findings of the experiment show that A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps dose to the ball B the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors c) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur Errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot 54. The word officials"(Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to
to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge. Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number. The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters. There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second. If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFA’s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical. 51. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ________. A) review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup B) analyse the causes of errors made by football referees C) set a standard for football refereeing D) reexamine the rules for football refereeing 52. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was ________. A) slightly above average B) higher than in the 1998 World Cup C) quite unexpected D) as high as in a standard match 53. The findings of the experiment show that ________. A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball B) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors C) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur D) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot 54. The word “officials” (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to ________
A the researchers involved in the experiment Bthe inspectors of the football tournament c the referees of the football tournament D)the observers at the site of the experiment 55. what is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment? A)The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45. B)Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee C)Afootball referee should be as young and energetic as possibl D) An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition Passage Two Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states at least in getting people off welfare It's estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994 In the past four years welfare rolls in Athens Country have been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past tow years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. the result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent -twice the national average. For advocates(代言人) for the poor, that 's an indication much more needs to be done More people are getting jobs but it's not making their lives any better , "says Kathy Lairn a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and policy priorities in Washington A center analysis of Us Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these house holds actually went down. But for many the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory. Welfare was a poison It was a toxin(5)that was poisoning the family , says Robert Rector a welfare-reform policy analyst The reform in changing the moral dimate in low-income communities. It's beginning to rebuild the work ethic(道德观), which is much more Mr Rector and others argued that once"the habit of dependency is cracked, then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards. 56. From the passage it can be seen that the author A)believes the reform has reduced the government's burden
A) the researchers involved in the experiment B) the inspectors of the football tournament C) the referees of the football tournament D) the observers at the site of the experiment 55. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment? A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45. B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee. C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible. D) An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition. Passage Two Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage. While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states—at least in getting people off welfare. It’s estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994. In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens Country have been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past tow years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent—twice the national average. For advocates (代言人) for the poor, that’s an indication much more needs to be done. “More people are getting jobs, but it’s not making their lives any better,” says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington. A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down. But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory. “Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin (毒素) that was poisoning the family,” says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. “The reform in changing the moral climate in low-income communities. It’s beginning to rebuild the work ethic (道德观), which is much more important.” Mr. Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked,” then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards. 56. From the passage, it can be seen that the author ________. A) believes the reform has reduced the government’s burden
Insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor c)is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reform D) considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful 7. Why aren't people enjoying better lives when they have jobs? A) Because many families are divorced B)Because government aid is now rare. c) Because their wages are low. D) Because the cost of living is rising. 58. What is worth noting from the example of athens county is that A)greater efforts should be made to improve people's living standards B70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years c)50 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare D the living standards of most people are going down 59. From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at A g welfare ft Rebuilding the work ethic c) providing more jobs D cutting government expenses 60. According to the passage before the welfare reform was carried out, A) the poverty rate was lover Average living standards were higher c the average worker was paid higher wages D the poor used to rely on government aid Passage Three Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passag Americans are pound of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform whether it is the uniform of an elevator operatoror the uniform of a five-star general Why are uniforms so popular in the United States? Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eye of most people they look more professional than civilian(百姓的) dothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. the television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by or a waiter to lose professional identity i)than to step out or a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse a policeman a barber uniform? Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills.. They are tax-deductible(可减税
B) insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor C) is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reform D) considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful 57. Why aren’t people enjoying better lives when they have jobs? A) Because many families are divorced. B) Because government aid is now rare. C) Because their wages are low. D) Because the cost of living is rising. 58. What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that ________. A) greater efforts should be made to improve people’s living standards B) 70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years C) 50 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare D) the living standards of most people are going down 59. From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at ________. A) saving welfare funds B) rebuilding the work ethic C) providing more jobs D) cutting government expenses 60. According to the passage before the welfare reform was carried out, ________. A) the poverty rate was lover B) average living standards were higher C) the average worker was paid higher wages D) the poor used to rely on government aid Passage Three Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage. Americans are pound of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States? Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity (身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible (可减税
