2008年12月全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案.doc_大学文库

2008年12月全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案 Part I Writing(30minutes) 注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning (15 minutes) irections: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. That's enough, kids It was a lovely day at the park and stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground. Id watded him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he d shoved, she says. I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly No, we dont push,What happened The boy s mother ran toward me from across the park, Stella says, I thought she was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplining her dild all i did was let him know his behavior was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process? Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other peoples children has become a minefield In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed In my sisters house it's encouraged. For her, it's about kids being kids: " Ifyou cant do it at three when can you do it? Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunts house. But I find myself saying"no a lot when her kids are over at mine. That's oK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when you're talking to the children of friends or acquaintances. Kids aren't all raised the same agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University But there is still an idea that th they re the property of the parent. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you're saying that my child is behaving inappropriately then that s somehow a criticism of me. In those circumstances, it's difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought Id go to the child first" says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids. Usually a quiet reminder that 'we dont do that hereis enough. Kids nave finely tuned antennae(ifs) for how to behave in different settings. He points out bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too. This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. Raise your concerns with the parents if they're there and ask them to deal with it, she says. sked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers: "Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship Preface your remarks with something like: T know you'll think I' m silly but in my house I dont want When it comes to situations where you' re caring for another child, white is straightforward: common sense must prevail. If things dont go well, then have a chat. Therere a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from a ny adult, is no longer

2008 年 12 月全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案 Part I Writing (30minutes) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡 1 上。 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D).For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. That’s enough, kids It was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground. “I’d watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he’d shoved,” she says.” I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, ’No, we don’t push,” What happened next was unexpected. “The boy’s mother ran toward me from across the park,” Stella says,” I thought she was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplining her child, All I did was let him know his behavior was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?” Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other people’s children has become a minefield. In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sister’s house it’s encouraged. For her, it’s about kids being kids:”If you can’t do it at three, when can you do it?” Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunt’s house. But I find myself saying “no” a lot when her kids are over at mine. That’s OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when you’re talking to the children of friends or acquaintances. “Kids aren’t all raised the same,” agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University.” But there is still an idea that they’re the property of the parent. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you’re saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that’s somehow a criticism of me.” In those circumstances, it’s difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought. “I’d go to the child first,” says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids. Usually a quiet reminder that ’we don’t do that here’ is enough. Kids nave finely tuned antennae (直觉) for how to behave in different settings.” He points out bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too. This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. Raise your concerns with the parents if they’re there and ask them to deal with it,” she says. Asked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers:”Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks with something like: ’I know you’ll think I’m silly but in my house I don’t want…’” When it comes to situations where you’re caring for another child, white is straightforward: “common sense must prevail. If things don’t go well, then have a chat.” There’re a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from a ny adult, is no longer

appopriate. " A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how we handle For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone The rules are different now from when today s parents were growing up he says, Adults are scared of saying: don 't swear,or asking a child to stand up on a bus. they re worried that there will be conflict if they point these things out either from older children, or their parents. He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy (l32), and says that adults suffer form it as much as child Meredith Fuller agrees: " A oode of conduct is hard to create when you're living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last. it's about what I'm doing and what I need, Andrew Fuller says. the days when a kid came home from school and said, "I got into trouble". And dad said, you probably deserved it. Are over. Now the parents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers. This jumping to our children's defense is part of what fuels the walking on eggshells"feeling that rounds our dealings with other people s children You know that if you remonstrate jia) with the chile you're going to have to deal with the parent it's admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it good? Children have to lean to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries, White says. I suspect that it's only certain sectors of the population doing the running to the school -better-educated White believes our notions of a more child-centred, it's a way of talking about treating our children like commodities(i i ). We're centred on them but in ways that reflect positively on us. We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of, rather than serve th best interests of the children One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchi's intervention (ffn)on her sons behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boy's mother. As Bianchi approached the park bench where shed been sitting, other mums came up to her and and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was chalenged n gst congratulated her on taking a stand. Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for bad behaviour Andrew Fuller doesn't believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other peoples kids. look at kids that aren' t your own as a potential minefield, he says. He recommends that we dont stay silent over inappropriate behaviour particularly with regular visitors 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. What did stella Biandi expec the young boy' s mother to do when she talked to him? A)make an apology B)come over to intervene C)discipline her own boy D) take her own boy away 2. What does the author say about dealing with other people' s children? A)it's important not to hurt them in any way B)it's no use trying to stop their wrongdoing

appropriate. “A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how we handle children.” For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone:” The rules are different now from when today’s parents were growing up,” he says, “Adults are scared of saying: ’don’t swear’, or asking a child to stand up on a bus. They’re worried that there will be conflict if they point these things out – either from older children, or their parents.” He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy (礼貌), and says that adults suffer form it as much as child. Meredith Fuller agrees: “A code of conduct is hard to create when you’re living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.” “it’s about what I’m doing and what I need,” Andrew Fuller says. ”the days when a kid came home from school and said, “I got into trouble”. And dad said, ‘you probably deserved it’. Are over. Now the parents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers.” This jumping to our children’s defense is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells” feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people’s children. You know that if you remonstrate(劝诫) with the child, you’re going to have to deal with the parent. it’s admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it good? “Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries,” White says. “I suspect that it’s only certain sectors of the population doing the running to the school –better –educated parents are probably more likely to be too involved.” White believes our notions of a more child-centred, it’s a way of talking about treating our children like commodities(商品). We’re centred on them but in ways that reflect positively on us. We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of, rather than serve the best interests of the children.” One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchi’s intervention(干预) on her son’s behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boy’s mother. As Bianchi approached the park bench where she’d been sitting, other mums came up to her and congratulated her on taking a stand. “Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for bad behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was challenged.” Andrew Fuller doesn’t believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other people’s kids. “look at kids that aren’t your own as a potential minefield,” he says. He recommends that we don’t stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。 1. What did Stella Bianchi expect the young boy’s mother to do when she talked to him? A) make an apology B) come over to intervene C) discipline her own boy D) take her own boy away 2. What does the author say about dealing with other people’s children? A) it’s important not to hurt them in any way B) it’s no use trying to stop their wrongdoing

C)it's advisable to treat them as one s own kids 3. According to professor Naomi white of Monash university when one s kids are criticized, their parents Hurt C) puzzled D)overwhelmed 4. What should one do when seeing other people s kids misbehave aocording to Andrew fuller? A) talk to them directly in a mild way B) complain to their parents politely C simply leave them alone D)punish them lightly 5. Due to the child-centric nature of our soaety A) parents are worried when their kids swear at them B) people think it improper to criticize kids in public C) people are reluctant to point our kids wrongdoings D)many conflicts arise between parents and their kid 6. In a world where everyone is exhausted from over work and lack of sleep, A) it's easy for people to become impatient B)it's difficult to create a code of conduct D)it's hard for people to admire each other 7. How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school? A)theyd question the teachers B)they' d charge up to the school C theyd tell the kids to clam down D)They'd put the blame on their ki 8. Professor white believes that the notions of a more child-centred sodiety should be challenge 9. According to professor white, today ' s parents treat their children as someth ing they can be proud of 10. Andrew fuller suggests that when kids behave inappropriately, people should not stay silent. Part III Listening Comprehension Section a Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), and d),and dead which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 1. Aonly true friendship can last long BLetter writing is going out of style. C)she keeps in regular touch with her classmate D)She has lost contact with most of her old friends 12. A)A painter. C)A porter

C) it’s advisable to treat them as one’s own kids D) it’s possible for one to get into lots of trouble 3. According to professor Naomi white of Monash university, when one’s kids are criticized, their parents will probably feel A) discouraged B) hurt C) puzzled D) overwhelmed 4. What should one do when seeing other people’s kids misbehave according to Andrew fuller? A) talk to them directly in a mild way B) complain to their parents politely C) simply leave them alone D) punish them lightly 5. Due to the child-centric nature of our society, A) parents are worried when their kids swear at them B) people think it improper to criticize kids in public C) people are reluctant to point our kids’ wrongdoings D) many conflicts arise between parents and their kids 6. In a world where everyone is exhausted from over work and lack of sleep, . A) it’s easy for people to become impatient B) it’s difficult to create a code of conduct C) it’s important to be friendly to everybody D) it’s hard for people to admire each other 7. How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school? A) they’d question the teachers B) they’d charge up to the school C) they’d tell the kids to clam down D) They’d put the blame on their kids 8. Professor white believes that the notions of a more child-centred society should be challenged. 9. According to professor white, today’s parents treat their children as something they can be proud of. 10. Andrew fuller suggests that , when kids behave inappropriately, people should not stay silent. Part III Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。 11．A)Only true friendship can last long. B)Letter writing is going out of style. C)She keeps in regular touch with her classmates. D)She has lost contact with most of her old friends. 12. A) A painter. C) A porter

C)Most public languages are inherently vague D)Big gaps exist between private and public languages 31 A)it is a sign of human intelligence B)in improves with constant practice C)it is something we are born with D)it varies from person to person 32 A)how private languages are developed B)how different languages are related C)how people create their languages D)how children learn to use language Passage Three 33 A)she was a tailor B)she was an engineer C)she was an educator D)she was a public speaker 34. A)Basing them on science-fiction movies. B) Including interesting examples in them C) Adjusting them to different audiences D) Focusing on the latest progress in space science 35. A) Whether spacemen carry weapons B) How spacesuits protect spacemen C) How NASA trains its spacemen D) What spacemen cat and drink Section C Directions : In this section .you will hear a passage three time. When the passage is read for first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. when the passage is read for the first time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36to43 with the exact words you have just heard. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。 Crime is increasing world wide. There is every reason to believe the (36)____will continue through the next few decades. Crime rates have always been high in multicultural, industrialized societies such as the United States, but a new(37)____has appeared on the world(38)____rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few(39)____. Street crimes such as robbery, rape (40)___and auto theft are clearly rising(41)___in eastern European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the united Kingdom. What is driving this crime (42)____?There are no simple answers. Still，there are certain conditions(43) _______with rising crime increasing heterogeneity (混杂) of populations, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of government,(44) ____________________________________________________________________________________

These conditions are increasingly observable around the world. For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogeneous(同种类的), such as Japan, Denmark and greece (45) Multiculturalism can be a rewarding enriching experience but it can aso lead to a clash of values Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the twenty-first century, and 36 trend 37 phenomen 38 scene 39 offences 41 particularly 42 explosion 44 changing national borders, greater economic growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and 45 are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history 46 failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems Part IV Reading Comprehension( Reading in depth) Section a A bookless life is an incomplete life. Books infuence the depth and breadth of life. They meet th F for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. Leamers, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need. Readers urn 48_K to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need 49H environment lead them to find in books food for the mind and the spirit. Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now. They are presented with a_50G of human experiences and come to_ N other ways of thought and living and while their own relationships and responses to life, the readers often find that the 53 B in their stories are going through similar adjustments, whic to clarify and give ificance to their own Books provide 54amaterial for readers' imagination to grow. Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement. While enriching their imagination, books_55 o their outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure__56M, The social and educational significance of the readers'books cannot be overestimated in an academic library

__________________________ These conditions are increasingly observable around the world . For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogeneous( 同种类的 ) ,such as Japan, Denmark and Greece (45)____________________________________________________________________________ Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values. Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the twenty-first century, and (46)_________________________________________________ 36 trend 37 phenomenon 38 scene 39 offences 40 murder 41 particularly 42 explosion 43 associated 44 changing national borders, greater economic growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong. 45 are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history. 46 failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems. Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth) Section A Question 47-56 A bookless life is an incomplete life. Books influence the depth and breadth of life. They meet the natural______47_F_____for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need. Readers turn______48_K____ to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to ____49 H_____ from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the mind and the spirit. Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now. They a re presented with a __50 G_____ of human experiences and come to ___51 N____ other ways of thought and living. And while ____52 I____ their own relationships and responses to life , the readers often find that the ___53 B__ in their stories are going through similar adjustments, which help to clarify and give significance to their own. Books provide ___54 A_____ material for readers’ imagination to grow. Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement. While enriching their imagination, books __55 O____their outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure ___56 M___. The social and educational significance of the readers’ books cannot be overestimated in an academic library. A. Abundant B. Characters

F. Desin I Establishing 1. Narrow K. Naturall L Personnel M Section B Directions There are 2 passages in this section, each passage is followed by some question or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked d. you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Question 57 to 61 based on the following passage. If you are a male and you are reading this congratulations you are a survivor. According to statistics. you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman and nine times more likely to die of AIDS Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a woman There are many reasons for this-typically, men take more risks than woman and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men don t go to the doctor. Men aren't seeing doctors as often as they should,"says Dr. Gullotta, This is particularly so for the over-40s, when diseases tend to strike. Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45, it should be at least once a year. Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old ma who had delayed doing anything about his smokers cough for a year When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer he says, Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but it would have prolonged this life According to a recent survey, 95%of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year compared to 70% of men in the same age group " A lot of men think they are inviable(不可战胜的)" Gullotta says" They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think" Geez, if it could happen to him Then there is the ostrich approach, some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know,"says Dr Ross Cartmill Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies," Cartmill says He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups

C. Communicating D. Completely E. Derive F. Desire G. Diversity H. Escape I. Establishing J. Narrow K. Naturally L. Personnel M. Properly N. Respect O. Widen Section B Directions There are 2 passages in this section, each passage is followed by some question or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A B C D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage one Question 57 to 61 based on the following passage. If you are a male and you are reading this ,congratulations: you are a survivor .According to statistics .you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman ,and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a woman. There are many reasons for this-typically, men take more risks than woman and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men don’t go to the doctor. “Men aren’t seeing doctors as often as they should, ” says Dr. Gullotta, “This is particularly so for the over-40s,when diseases tend to strike.” Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45,it should be at least once a year. Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old ma who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year. “When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cance r” he says, “Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but it would have prolonged this life” According to a recent survey, 95%of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group. “A lot of men think they are invincible （不可战胜的）”Gullotta says “They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think” Geez, if it could happen to him. Then there is the ostrich approach,” some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know, ” says Dr. Ross Cartmill. “Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies,” Cartmill says .He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups

Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain on the public purse, Cartmill says. But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides the ultimate cost is far greater: it is called premature death. 57. Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage? A. They are more likely to survive serious diseases today. B. Their average life span has been considerably extended C. They have lived long enough to read this artide D. They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier live 58. What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than A. men drink and smoke much more than women B. men don 't seek medical care as often as women C. men arent as cautions as women in face of danger D. men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases 59. Which of the following best completes the sentence Geez, if it could happen to him,...(line2, para, 8)? A. it could hi B. I should avoid playing golf C. I should consider myself lucky D. it would be a big misfortune 60what does Dr Ross Cartmill mean by the ostrich approach(line g para.9) B. a new therapy for certain psychological problems C. refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved D. unwillingness to find out about one s disease because of fear 61. What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men? B. They will save money in the long run C. They may cause psychological strains on men D. They will enable men to live as long as women Passage two Question 62 to 66 are based on the following passage High-quality customer service is ed (e) by many but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store but instead will alert their friends relatives, Co-workers strangers-and anyone who will listen Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide t frequent their competitors according to a study jointly conducted by verde group and Wharton school Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers, said Paula Courtney President of the Verde group the store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement. On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four other and will no bonger visit the

Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain on the public purse, Cartmill says.” But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is far greater: it is called premature death.” 57.Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage? A. They are more likely to survive serious diseases today. B. Their average life span has been considerably extended. C. They have lived long enough to read this article. D. They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier live. 58。What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women? A. men drink and smoke much more than women B. men don’t seek medical care as often as women C. men aren’t as cautions as women in face of danger D. men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases 59. Which of the following best completes the sentence “Geez, if it could happen to him,…’(line2,para,8)? A. it could happen to me, too B. I should avoid playing golf C. I should consider myself lucky D. it would be a big misfortune 60what does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by “the ostrich approach”(line q para.9) A. a casual attitude towards one’s health conditions B. a new therapy for certain psychological problems C. refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved D. unwillingness to find out about one’s disease because of fear 61. What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men? A.They may increase public expenses B.They will save money in the long run C.They may cause psychological strains on men D.They will enable men to live as long as women Passage two Question 62 to 66 are based on the following passage High-quality customer service is preached(宣扬) by many ,but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen. Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide t frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school “Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers,” said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde group.” the store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement.” On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four other, and will no longer visit the

specific store for every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews The resulting "snowball effect can be disastrous to retailers According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems. ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers. The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered(塞满了的) shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople. During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces This guidance climinated the need for customers to arcle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided n those eyeing the same parking space Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speed and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions. Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers Retailers who're responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who arent so friendly said Professor Stephen Hoch. Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help. Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Retailers are hard-pressed to impove when they have no idea what IS wrong 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答 62. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints? A Most customers won't bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences. B Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them. C Few customers believe the service will be improved D Customers have no easy access to store managers 63. What does Paula Courtney imply by saying".the shopper must also find a replacement(Line 2, A New customers are bound to replace old ones B It is not likely the shopper can find the same products in other stores. C Most stores provide the same D Not complaining to the manager causes the shopper some trouble too 64 Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers A can stay longer browsing in the store B won't have trouble C won't have any worries a bout security D can find their cars easily after shopping 65. What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers? A Manners of the salespeople B Hiring of efficient employees C Huge supply of goods for sale D Design of the store layout 66. To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to A exert pressure on stores to improve their service

specific store for every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowball effect” can be disastrous to retailers. According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems. ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers. The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered (塞满了的) shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople. During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance climinated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space. Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions. Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers. “Retailers who’re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly.” said Professor Stephen Hoch. “Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help.” Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答 62. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints? A Most customers won’t bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences. B Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them. C Few customers believe the service will be improved. D Customers have no easy access to store managers. 63. What does Paula Courtney imply by saying “ … the shopper must also find a replacement” (Line 2, Para. 4)? A New customers are bound to replace old ones. B It is not likely the shopper can find the same products in other stores. C Most stores provide the same D Not complaining to the manager causes the shopper some trouble too. 64. Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers_____ A can stay longer browsing in the store B won’t have trouble parking their cars C won’t have any worries about security D can find their cars easily after shopping 65. What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers? A Manners of the salespeople B Hiring of efficient employees C Huge supply of goods for sale D Design of the store layout. 66. To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to _________. A exert pressure on stores to improve their service