完美.格式.编辑1、闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路延伸6，000多公里。得名于古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和中东文明发展中发挥了重要作用。正是通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷等四大发明才被引介到世界各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器（porcelain）也传遍全球。物质文化的交流是双向的。欧洲也通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需要。The worId-renowned Silk Road is a series of routes connecting the Eastand the West.It extendedmore than6,Oo0 kilometers.TheSilk Road wasnamed after ancient China's silk tradewhich played an important rolein the civilization development of China,South Asia, Europe and theMiddle East. It was through the Silk Road that papermaking, gunpowder,compass and printing of the four great inventions of ancient China wereintroduced around the world. Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelainspread all over the world. Europe also exported various goods and plantsthrough the SiIk Road to meet the needs of the Chinese market.2、中国园林是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱噜杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和谐关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山、树木、花草以及各种各样由婉蜓的小路和走廊连接的建筑。漫步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷一般展现在面前。After 3,00 years of evolvement, Chinese gardens have become a uniquelandscape. This includes both large gardens buiIt as entertainment venuesfor royal family, and private gardens built as secluded retreats forscholars,merchants and retired government officials.These gardens haveconstituted a miniature that is designed in praise of the harmony betweerman and nature. A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by walls andconsists of various buildings Iinkedbywinding trails and corridors, withponds, rockeries,trees, and flowers scattered in it.Wandering in sucha well-designed garden,people may feel that they are walking in alandscapepainting3、中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收，这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似，过中秋节的习俗与唐代早期在中国各地开始流行，中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日，这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008年又被定为公共假日，月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食，人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼上带有“寿”（longevity）、“福”或“和”等字样。Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest intheMid-Autumn,whichis similartothecustomof celebratingThanksgivingin the North America. The tradition of celebrating Mid-Autumn festivalbecame popular throughout China in the early Tang dynasty. The lunarAugust 15 is a day forpeopleworshiping the moon.Onthis day,under the专业.资料.整理
完美.格式.编辑 专业.资料.整理 1、闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路延伸 6,000 多公 里。得名于古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和中东 文明发展中发挥了重要作用。正是通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、 印刷等四大发明才被引介到世界各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器（porcelain） 也传遍全球。物质文化的交流是双向的。欧洲也通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植 物，满足中国市场的需要。 The world-renowned Silk Road is a series of routes connecting the East and the West. It extended more than 6,000 kilometers. The Silk Road was named after ancient China’s silk trade which played an important role in the civilization development of China, South Asia, Europe and the Middle East. It was through the Silk Road that papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing of the four great inventions of ancient China were introduced around the world. Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain spread all over the world. Europe also exported various goods and plants through the Silk Road to meet the needs of the Chinese market. 2、中国园林是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观。它既包括为皇室 成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的 外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的 和谐关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山、树木、 花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。漫步在花园中，人们可以看 到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷一般展现在面前。 After 3,000 years of evolvement, Chinese gardens have become a unique landscape. This includes both large gardens built as entertainment venues for royal family, and private gardens built as secluded retreats for scholars, merchants and retired government officials. These gardens have constituted a miniature that is designed in praise of the harmony between man and nature. A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by walls and consists of various buildings linked by winding trails and corridors, with ponds, rockeries, trees, and flowers scattered in it. Wandering in such a well-designed garden, people may feel that they are walking in a landscape painting. 3、中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收，这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十 分相似，过中秋节的习俗与唐代早期在中国各地开始流行，中秋节在农历八月十 五，是人们拜月的节日，这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006 年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008 年又被定为公共假日，月饼被视为中 秋节不可或缺的美食，人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统 的月饼上带有“寿”(longevity)、“福”或“和”等字样。 Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in the North America. The tradition of celebrating Mid-Autumn festival became popular throughout China in the early Tang dynasty. The lunar August 15 is a day for people worshiping the moon. On this day, under the
完美.格式.编辑dazzling bright moon, families reunite and enjoy the moon' s beauty. In2006, Mid-Autumn festival was listed as one of China's cultural heritage,and in 2008, it was classified as a public holiday. Moon cakes, asindispensable delicious food of thefestival, were gifts people sent tofamilies and friends during the festival and usually eaten on familygatherings.There are characters of "longevity”,"“good fortune”and"harmony”on theTraditional mooncakes.4、北京计划未来三年投资7600亿元治理污染，从减少PM2.5排放入手。这一新公布的计划旨在减少四种主要污染源，包括500万辆机动车的尾气排放、周边地区燃煤、来自北方的沙尘暴和本地的建筑灰尘，另外850亿元用于新建或升级城市垃圾处理和污水处理设施，加上300亿元投资未来三年的植树造林。市政府还计划建造一批水循环利用工厂，并制止违章建筑，以改善环境。另外，北京还将更严厉地处罚违反减排规定的行为。Beijing is going to invest 760 billion yuan to curb environmentalpollution in the next three years, starting from reducing the emissionsof pm 2.5 emissions. The newly announced plan is intended to reduce thefour major sources of pollution, including emissions of 5million motorvehicles,coal-burning in surrounding areas, sandstorms from the northandconstruction dustin thelocality.Another 85billionyuanisusedfor establishing or upgrading the facilities of municipal waste treatmentand sewage treatment.Besides,30 billion yuan invests to theafforestation program in the next three years.In order to improve theenvironment,the municipal government also plans to build agood numberof plants which can use recycled water and to stop illegal construction.In addition, Beijing will punishthose peoplewho violatethe regulationsof emission-reduction more severely.5、中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如，土豪和大妈都是老词，但已获取了新的意义。土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人，也就是说，土豪有钱，但是没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但是现在特指不就前金价大跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版的牛津（Oxford）英语词典，至今约有120中文加进了牛津英语词典，成了英语语言的一部分。Chinesehot wordsareoftenareflectionof social changes andculture,some of which enjoy growing popularity among foreign media. Tuhao and dama,for instance, are both old words, but they have been given newmeanings.Tuhao usedtomean rural landlords whobullied and oppressed their tenantsand servants,but now it refers to people who spend money without limitsor thosewho show off their wealth around.In other words,tuhao arewealthy buttasteless.Dama,aformof address for middle-aged women,isnow used as a special word to describe Chinese women who purchased goldin bulk when the gold price decreased not long ago. The words, tuhao anddama, may be included in the new edition of Oxford English dictionary.专业.资料.整理
完美.格式.编辑 专业.资料.整理 dazzling bright moon, families reunite and enjoy the moon’s beauty. In 2006, Mid-Autumn festival was listed as one of China's cultural heritage, and in 2008, it was classified as a public holiday. Moon cakes, as indispensable delicious food of the festival, were gifts people sent to families and friends during the festival and usually eaten on family gatherings. There are characters of “longevity”, “good fortune” and “harmony” on the Traditional moon cakes. 4、北京计划未来三年投资 7600 亿元治理污染，从减少 PM 2.5 排放入手。这一 新公布的计划旨在减少四种主要污染源，包括 500 万辆机动车的尾气排放、周边 地区燃煤、来自北方的沙尘暴和本地的建筑灰尘，另外 850 亿元用于新建或升级 城市垃圾处理和污水处理设施，加上 300 亿元投资未来三年的植树造林。 市政 府还计划建造一批水循环利用工厂，并制止违章建筑，以改善环境。另外，北京 还将更严厉地处罚违反减排规定的行为。 Beijing is going to invest 760 billion yuan to curb environmental pollution in the next three years, starting from reducing the emissions of pm 2.5 emissions. The newly announced plan is intended to reduce the four major sources of pollution, including emissions of 5 million motor vehicles, coal-burning in surrounding areas, sandstorms from the north and construction dust in the locality. Another 85 billion yuan is used for establishing or upgrading the facilities of municipal waste treatment and sewage treatment. Besides, 30 billion yuan invests to the afforestation program in the next three years. In order to improve the environment, the municipal government also plans to build a good number of plants which can use recycled water and to stop illegal construction. In addition, Beijing will punish those people who violate the regulations of emission-reduction more severely. 5、中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如， 土豪和大妈都是老词，但已获取了新的意义。 土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡 村地主，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人，也就是说，土豪有钱，但 是没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但是现在特指不就前金价大跌时大量购 买黄金的中国妇女。 土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版的牛津（Oxford）英语词典， 至今约有 120 中文加进了牛津英语词典，成了英语语言的一部分。 Chinese hot words are often a reflection of social changes and culture, some of which enjoy growing popularity among foreign media. Tuhao and dama, for instance, are both old words, but they have been given new meanings. Tuhao used to mean rural landlords who bullied and oppressed their tenants and servants, but now it refers to people who spend money without limits or those who show off their wealth around. In other words, tuhao are wealthy but tasteless. Dama, a form of address for middle-aged women, is now used as a special word to describe Chinese women who purchased gold in bulk when the gold price decreased not long ago. The words, tuhao and dama, may be included in the new edition of Oxford English dictionary
完美.格式.编辑Up to now, about 120 Chinese words have been added to the dictionary,becomingapartof English language.6、最近中国科学院出版了关于其最新科学发展与未来一年展望的年度系列报告。该报告包括三部分：科学发展报告，高技术发展报告，中国可持续战略报告。第一份报告包含中国科学家的最新发现，诸如新粒子研究与H7N9病毒研究的突破。该报告还突出强调了未来几年需要关注的问题。第二份报告公布了一些应用科学研究的热门领域，如3D打印和人造器官研究。第三份报告呼吁加强顶层设计，以消除工业升级中的结构性障碍，并促进节能减排。Recently Chinese Academyof Science published annual report on thelatest scientific development and the expectations for the coming yearina series.Thereport is composedof threeparts:scientificdevelopmentreport、high-tech development report and Chinese sustainable strategyreport. The first report includes Chinese scientists' recent discoveries,such as the breakthrough in the research field of newparticle and H7N9virus.It also emphasizes the issues we need to pay attentionin the nextyears. The second report announces some hot areas in applied scientificstudy, like 3D printing and artificial organ. The third report appealsto strengthen the top-level design so as to eliminate structural obstacleinandindustrialupgradingandpromoteenergy-savingemission-reduction.7、反映在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想是中国文明的重要特征。这在很大程度上归功于道家对自然的感情。传统中国画有两个最受青睐的主题，一是家庭生活的各种幸福场景，画中往往有老人在下棋饮茶，男人在耕耘收割，妇女在织布缝衣，小孩在户外玩要。另一个则是乡村生活的种种乐趣，画有渔夫在湖上打渔，农夫在山上砍柴采药，或是书生坐在松树下吟诗作画。这两个主题可以分别代表儒家和道家的生活理想。The ideal country life reflected in art and literature is an importantfeature of Chinese culture,which is,to a large degree,attributed tothe Taoist's affection for nature. There are two favorite themes intraditional Chinese paintings. One depicts various happy scenes of familylife, in which the seniors are drinking tea and playing chess, young menare sowing and reaping,women areweaving and sewing clothes, and childrenare playing outdoors. The other portrays all kinds of delights of countrylife, with fishermen fishing on the lake, farmers cutting firewood orgathering herbs on the hills, or scholars chanting poems or paintingpictures while sitting under pine trees. These two themes can respectivelyrepresent the Confucian and Taoist ideal of Iife.8、中国将努力确保到2015年就业者接受过平均13.3年的教育。如果这一目标得以实现，今后大部分进入劳动力市场的人都需获得大学文凭。在未来几年，中国将着力增加职业学院的招生人数：除了关注高等教育外，还将寻找新的突破以确保教育制度更加公平。中国正在努力最佳地利用教育资源，这样农村和欠发达专业.资料.整理
完美.格式.编辑 专业.资料.整理 Up to now, about 120 Chinese words have been added to the dictionary, becoming a part of English language. 6、最近中国科学院出版了关于其最新科学发展与未来一年展望的年度系列报告。 该报告包括三部分：科学发展报告，高技术发展报告，中国可持续战略报告。第 一份报告包含中国科学家的最新发现，诸如新粒子研究与 H7N9 病毒研究的突破。 该报告还突出强调了未来几年需要关注的问题。第二份报告公布了一些应用科学 研究的热门领域，如 3D 打印和人造器官研究。第三份报告呼吁加强顶层设计， 以消除工业升级中的结构性障碍，并促进节能减排。 Recently Chinese Academy of Science published annual report on the latest scientific development and the expectations for the coming year in a series. The report is composed of three parts: scientific development report、high-tech development report and Chinese sustainable strategy report. The first report includes Chinese scientists’ recent discoveries, such as the breakthrough in the research field of new particle and H7N9 virus. It also emphasizes the issues we need to pay attention in the next years. The second report announces some hot areas in applied scientific study, like 3D printing and artificial organ. The third report appeals to strengthen the top-level design so as to eliminate structural obstacle in industrial upgrading and promote energy-saving and emission-reduction. 7、反映在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想是中国文明的重要特征。这在很大程度 上归功于道家对自然的感情。传统中国画有两个最受青睐的主题，一是家庭生活 的各种幸福场景，画中往往有老人在下棋饮茶，男人在耕耘收割，妇女在织布缝 衣，小孩在户外玩耍。另一个则是乡村生活的种种乐趣，画有渔夫在湖上打渔， 农夫在山上砍柴采药，或是书生坐在松树下吟诗作画。这两个主题可以分别代表 儒家和道家的生活理想。 The ideal country life reflected in art and literature is an important feature of Chinese culture, which is, to a large degree, attributed to the Taoist’s affection for nature. There are two favorite themes in traditional Chinese paintings. One depicts various happy scenes of family life, in which the seniors are drinking tea and playing chess, young men are sowing and reaping, women are weaving and sewing clothes, and children are playing outdoors. The other portrays all kinds of delights of country life, with fishermen fishing on the lake, farmers cutting firewood or gathering herbs on the hills, or scholars chanting poems or painting pictures while sitting under pine trees. These two themes can respectively represent the Confucian and Taoist ideal of life. 8、中国将努力确保到 2015 年就业者接受过平均 13.3 年的教育。如果这一目标 得以实现，今后大部分进入劳动力市场的人都需获得大学文凭。在未来几年，中 国将着力增加职业学院的招生人数：除了关注高等教育外，还将寻找新的突破以 确保教育制度更加公平。中国正在努力最佳地利用教育资源，这样农村和欠发达
完美.格式.编辑地区将获得更多的支持。教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养，并为外来务工人员的子女提供在城市接受教育的同等机会。China will endeavor to ensure that employees will have received anaverage of 13.3years of education by2015.If this goal can be achieved,the majority of people entering the labor market will be required to haveobtained a college degree in the future. In the next few years, China willstrive to increase vocational college enrollment.In addition toattaching importance to higher education, China will also seek newbreakthroughs to guarantee a more equal educational system. China isattempting to make the best use of educational resources so that ruraland underdeveloped areas will get more support.9、从1978年启动改革以来，中国已从计划经济转为以市场为基础的经济，经历了经济和社会的快速发展。平均10%的GDP增长已使五亿多人脱贫。联合国的“千年（millennium）发展目标”在中国均已达到或即将达到。目前，中国的第十二个五年规划强调发展服务业和解决环境及社会不平衡的问题。政府已设定目标减少污染，提高能源效率，改善得到教育和医保的机会，并扩大社会保障。中国现在7%的经济年增长目标表明政府是在重视生活质量而不是增长速度。Since the reform in 1978,China has shifted from a planned economyto a market-based economy, and experienced rapid economic and socialdevelopment. The 10 percent average annual growth of GDP has Iifted morethan 500million people out of poverty.TheUnited Nations“MillenniumDevelopment Goals have been achieved or are about to be achieved in China.Atpresent,China'sTwelfthFive-Year Plan emphasizes the developmentof service industry and solutions to environmental problems and socialimbalances. The government has set goals to reduce pollution, enhanceenergy efficiency, improve access to education and health care, and expandsocial security. China' s current 7percent annual economic growth targetdemonstratesthat thegovernmentattachesgreat importancetothequalityof life ratherthan the speed of growth.10、2011年是中国城市化（urbanization）进程中的历史性时刻，其城市人口首次超过农村人口。在未来20年里，预计有3.5亿农村人口将移居城市。如此规模的城市发展对城市交通来说既是挑战，也是机遇。中国政府一直提侣“以人专业.资料.整理
完美.格式.编辑 专业.资料.整理 地区将获得更多的支持。教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养，并为外来务 工人员的子女提供在城市接受教育的同等机会。 China will endeavor to ensure that employees will have received an average of 13.3 years of education by 2015. If this goal can be achieved, the majority of people entering the labor market will be required to have obtained a college degree in the future. In the next few years, China will strive to increase vocational college enrollment. In addition to attaching importance to higher education, China will also seek new breakthroughs to guarantee a more equal educational system. China is attempting to make the best use of educational resources so that rural and underdeveloped areas will get more support. 9、从 1978 年启动改革以来，中国已从计划经济转为以市场 为基础的经济，经历了经济和社会的快速发展。平均 10%的 GDP 增长已使五亿多人脱贫。联合国的“千年（millennium） 发展目标”在中国均已达到或即将达到。目前，中国的第十 二个五年规划强调发展服务业和解决环境及社会不平衡的 问题。政府已设定目标减少污染，提高能源效率，改善得到 教育和医保的机会，并扩大社会保障。中国现在 7%的经济年 增长目标表明政府是在重视生活质量而不是增长速度。 Since the reform in 1978, China has shifted from a planned economy to a market-based economy, and experienced rapid economic and social development. The 10 percent average annual growth of GDP has lifted more than 500 million people out of poverty. The United Nations “Millennium Development Goals” have been achieved or are about to be achieved in China. At present, China’s Twelfth Five-Year Plan emphasizes the development of service industry and solutions to environmental problems and social imbalances. The government has set goals to reduce pollution, enhance energy efficiency, improve access to education and health care, and expand social security. China’s current 7 percent annual economic growth target demonstrates that the government attaches great importance to the quality of life rather than the speed of growth. 10、2011 年是中国城市化（urbanization）进程中的历史性时刻，其城市人口 首次超过农村人口。在未来 20 年里，预计有 3.5 亿农村人口将移居城市。如此 规模的城市发展对城市交通来说既是挑战，也是机遇。中国政府一直提倡“以人
完美.格式.编辑为本”的发展理念，强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行。它还号召建设“资源节约和环境友好型”社会。有了这个明确的目标，中国城市就可以更好地规划其发展，并把大量投资转向安全、清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上。During the process of China' s urbanization, the year 2011 was ahistoric moment when China' s urban population surpassed the ruralpopulation for the first time.In the fol lowing two decades, it isestimated that 350 million rural people will migrate to cities. Such ascale of urban development is a chal lenge as well as an opportunity forthe urban transportation. The Chinese government has been promoting the“people-oriented” concept, which stresses that people shall travel bypublic transportation rather than private cars. It also calls for theconstruction of“resources-conserving and environment friendly”society. With this clear goal, Chinese cities can better plan theirdevelopment and divert massive investment to the development of safe,cleanandeconomicaltransportsystems.11、汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一，汉朝统治期间有很多显著的成就。它最先向其他文化散开大门，对外贸易兴旺。汉朝开拓的丝绸之路通向了中西亚乃至罗马。各类艺术一派繁荣，涌现了很多文学历史哲学巨著公元100年中国第一部字典编撰完成，收入9000个字，提供释义并列举不同的写法。期间科技方面也取得很大进步。发明纸张水中日暑（sundials），以及测量地震的仪器。汉朝经历了四百年，但统治者的腐败导致了它的灭亡。The Han Dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in Chineshistory. There were numerous remarkable achievements during the reign ofthe dynasty.It was the first dynasty to open its door to other culturesand its foreigntrade wasthriving.The SiIk Road opened by the HanDynastyled to Central and Western Asia and even to Rome. Various kinds of artwere booming withthe emergency of many great works on literature, historyand philosophy. The first dictionary of China was compiled in 10o A.D.,which recorded 9000 characterswith their definitions and varied writingforms. Meanwhile, technology made great strides as well. Paper,waterclocks,sundials and instrumentstodetect earthquakes wereinvented.TheHanDynastywentthrough4o0 years;however,the corruption of its rulerscauseditsdestruction.12、中国传统的待客之道要求饭菜丰富多样，让客人吃不完。中国宴席上典型的菜单包括开席的一套凉菜及其后的热菜，例如肉类、鸡鸭、蔬菜等。大多数宴席上，全鱼被认为是必不可少的，除非已经上过各式海鲜。如今，中国人喜欢把西方特色菜与传统中式菜肴融于一席，因此牛排上桌也不少见。沙拉也已流行起来，尽管传统上中国人一般不吃任何未经烹饪的菜肴。宴席通常至少有一道汤，可以最先上或最后上桌。甜点和水果通常标志宴席的结束。As a traditional Chinese way of entertaining guests, a meal shouldbe rich and diverse enough for the guests to enjoy fully. The typicalChinese feast usually starts with a set of cold dishes followed by some专业.资料.整理
完美.格式.编辑 专业.资料.整理 为本”的发展理念，强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行。它还号召建设“资源节 约和环境友好型”社会。有了这个明确的目标，中国城市就可以更好地规划其发 展，并把大量投资转向安全、清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上。 During the process of China’s urbanization, the year 2011 was a historic moment when China’s urban population surpassed the rural population for the first time. In the following two decades, it is estimated that 350 million rural people will migrate to cities. Such a scale of urban development is a challenge as well as an opportunity for the urban transportation. The Chinese government has been promoting the “people-oriented” concept, which stresses that people shall travel by public transportation rather than private cars. It also calls for the construction of “resources-conserving and environment friendly” society. With this clear goal, Chinese cities can better plan their development and divert massive investment to the development of safe, clean and economical transport systems. 11、汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一，汉朝统治期间有很多显著的成就。它 最先向其他文化敞开大门，对外贸易兴旺。汉朝开拓的丝绸之路通向了中西亚乃 至罗马。各类艺术一派繁荣，涌现了很多文学历史哲学巨著公元 100 年中国第一 部字典编撰完成，收入 9000 个字，提供释义并列举不同的写法。期间科技方面 也取得很大进步。发明纸张水中日晷(sundials)，以及测量地震的仪器。汉朝经 历了四百年，但统治者的腐败导致了它的灭亡。 The Han Dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in Chines history. There were numerous remarkable achievements during the reign of the dynasty. It was the first dynasty to open its door to other cultures and its foreign trade was thriving. The Silk Road opened by the Han Dynasty led to Central and Western Asia and even to Rome. Various kinds of art were booming with the emergency of many great works on literature, history and philosophy. The first dictionary of China was compiled in 100 A.D., which recorded 9000 characters with their definitions and varied writing forms. Meanwhile, technology made great strides as well. Paper, water clocks, sundials and instruments to detect earthquakes were invented. The Han Dynasty went through 400 years; however, the corruption of its rulers caused its destruction. 12、中国传统的待客之道要求饭菜丰富多样，让客人吃不完。中国宴席上典型的 菜单包括开席的一套凉菜及其后的热菜，例如肉类、鸡鸭、蔬菜等。大多数宴席 上，全鱼被认为是必不可少的，除非已经上过各式海鲜。如今，中国人喜欢把西 方特色菜与传统中式菜肴融于一席，因此牛排上桌也不少见。沙拉也已流行起来， 尽管传统上中国人一般不吃任何未经烹饪的菜肴。宴席通常至少有一道汤，可以 最先上或最后上桌。甜点和水果通常标志宴席的结束。 As a traditional Chinese way of entertaining guests, a meal should be rich and diverse enough for the guests to enjoy fully. The typical Chinese feast usually starts with a set of cold dishes followed by some
完美.格式.编辑cooked ones,such as meat,chicken,duck and vegetables. Generallyspeaking, a whole fish is essential for most feasts unless varied seafoodhas been served. Today, Chines people prefer to combine the westernspecials and the traditional Chines dishes together at a feast, for whichitis not uncommon to have steak on the table.Salad tends to become afashion, though the Chinese general ly don' t eat any uncooked food. Inaddition, a feast should at Ieast include a soup,which could be servedeither at the very beginning or in the end. The feasts often end up withdesserts and fruits.13、在帮助国际社会于2030年前消除极端贫困过程中，中国正扮演着越来越重要的角色。自20世纪70年代末实施改革开放以来，中国已使多达四亿人摆脱了贫困。在未来五年中，中国将向其他发展中国家在减少贫困、发展教育、农业现代化、环境保护和医疗保健等方面提供援助。中国在减少贫困方面取得了显著进步，并在促进经济增长方面做出了不懈努力，这将鼓励其他贫困国家应对自身发展中的挑战。在寻具有自身特色的发展道路时，这些国家可以借鉴中国的经验。China is playing an increasingly important role in helping theinternational communityto eliminate extreme poverty by 2030.Since theimplementationof the reform and openingup in the late 1970s,China hassaved as many as four hundred million people from poverty.In the nextfive years, China will provide aid to other developing countries in suchfields as poverty reduction,education development,agriculturalmodernization,environmental protection and medical care.Chinahasmadesignificant progress in reducing poverty, and has made unremittingefforts in promoting economic growth. This willencourage other poorcountries to cope with challenges brought by development. When pursuingthe developing path with their own characteristics, these countries canlearnfromChina'sexperience.14、在中国，父本总是竭力帮助孩子，甚至为孩子做重要决定，而不管孩子想要什么，因为他们相信这样做是为孩子好。结果，孩子的成长和教育往往屈从于父母的意愿。如果父母决定为孩子报名参加一个课外班，以增加其被重点学校录取的机会，他们会坚持自己的决定，即使孩子根本不感兴趣。然而在美国，父母可能会尊重孩子的意见，并在决策时更注重他们的意见。中国父母十分重视教育或许值得称赞。然而，他们应该向美国父母学习在涉及教育时如何平衡父母与子女间的关系。Parents in China are always endeavoring to help their children. Theyeven helpmake crucial decisions without takingwhat their children desireinto consideration, because they hold that this is for their children'ssake.As a result,the growth and education of the children tend tosurrender to their parents'wishes. If the parents decide to sign up foran extracurricular class for their children in order to increase theirchances of being accepted by key schools,they would stick to theirdecisions, even if their children simply are not interested in it at all.专业.资料.整理
完美.格式.编辑 专业.资料.整理 cooked ones, such as meat, chicken, duck and vegetables. Generally speaking, a whole fish is essential for most feasts unless varied seafood has been served. Today, Chines people prefer to combine the western specials and the traditional Chines dishes together at a feast, for which it is not uncommon to have steak on the table. Salad tends to become a fashion, though the Chinese generally don’t eat any uncooked food. In addition, a feast should at least include a soup, which could be served either at the very beginning or in the end. The feasts often end up with desserts and fruits. 13、在帮助国际社会于 2030 年前消除极端贫困过程中，中国正扮演着越来越重 要的角色。自 20 世纪 70 年代末实施改革开放以来，中国已使多达四亿人摆脱了 贫困。在未来五年中，中国将向其他发展中国家在减少贫困、发展教育、农业现 代化、环境保护和医疗保健等方面提供援助。中国在减少贫困方面取得了显著进 步，并在促进经济增长方面做出了不懈努力，这将鼓励其他贫困国家应对自身发 展中的挑战。在寻具有自身特色的发展道路时，这些国家可以借鉴中国的经验。 China is playing an increasingly important role in helping the international community to eliminate extreme poverty by 2030. Since the implementation of the reform and opening up in the late 1970s, China has saved as many as four hundred million people from poverty. In the next five years, China will provide aid to other developing countries in such fields as poverty reduction, education development, agricultural modernization, environmental protection and medical care. China has made significant progress in reducing poverty, and has made unremitting efforts in promoting economic growth. This will encourage other poor countries to cope with challenges brought by development. When pursuing the developing path with their own characteristics, these countries can learn from China’s experience. 14、在中国，父本总是竭力帮助孩子，甚至为孩子做重要决定，而不管孩子想要 什么，因为他们相信这样做是为孩子好。结果，孩子的成长和教育往往屈从于父 母的意愿。如果父母决定为孩子报名参加一个课外班，以增加其被重点学校录取 的机会，他们会坚持自己的决定，即使孩子根本不感兴趣。然而在美国，父母可 能会尊重孩子的意见，并在决策时更注重他们的意见。中国父母十分重视教育或 许值得称赞。然而，他们应该向美国父母学习在涉及教育时如何平衡父母与子女 间的关系。 Parents in China are always endeavoring to help their children. They even help make crucial decisions without taking what their children desire into consideration, because they hold that this is for their children’s sake. As a result, the growth and education of the children tend to surrender to their parents’ wishes. If the parents decide to sign up for an extracurricular class for their children in order to increase their chances of being accepted by key schools, they would stick to their decisions, even if their children simply are not interested in it at all
完美.格式.编辑In America,however,parents are Iikely to show respect to theirchildren' s views, and pay more attention to their thoughts indecision-making. It is probably commendable that Chinese parents putemphasis on education. Nevertheless, Chinese parents should learn fromtheir American counterparts on how to balance the relationship betweenparents and children in terms of education.15、最近，中国政府决定将其工业升级，中国现在涉足建造高速列车、远洋船舶、机器人，甚至飞机。不久前，中国获得了再印度尼西亚（lndonesia)建造一条高铁的合同；中国还与马来西亚（Malaysia)签署了为其提供高速列车的合同。这证明人们信赖中国造产品。中国造产品越来越受欢迎。中国为此付出了代价，但这确实有助于消除贫困，同时还为世界各地的人们提供了就业机会。这是一件好事，值得称赞。下次你去商店时，可能想看一看你所购商品的出产国名。很有可能这件商品是中国造的。The Chinese government has decided to upgrade its industry recently.China is currently involved in the construction of high-speed trains,ocean-going vessels, robots, and even aircrafts. Not long ago, China notonly obtained a contract for construction of a high-speed rail inIndonesia, but also signed a contract withMalaysia toprovide high-speedtrains, which proves the fact that people have faith in Chinese-madeproducts.Chinese-made products are becoming increasingly prevalent,forwhich China has paid a price. However,it dose contribute to eradicationof poverty as well as create job opportunities for people all over theworld.It is a good deed that deserves applause.You might want to takea glance at the name of manufacturing countries of the products purchasednext time you go to the store. The product is probably made in China.16、深圳是中国广东省一座新开发的城市。在改革开放之前，深圳不过是一个小渔村。仅有三万多人。20世纪80年代，中国政府创立了深圳经济特区，作为实施社会主义市场经济的试验田。如今。，深圳人口已经超过1，000万，整个城市发生巨大的变化。到2014年，深圳的经济实力而言，深圳居于中国顶尖城市之列。由于其独特的地位，深圳也是国内企业家创业人均GDP已经达到25,000美元，相当于一些发达国家的水平。就综合的理想之地。Shenzhen, a newly-developing country in Guangdong Province, China,wasonly afishing villagewithabout 30 000 populationbefore theReformand Opening up. In 1980s, Chinese government made Shenzhen the specialeconomic zone as the experimental field of the market-oriented economy.Now,Shenzhen,with population of over 100million,haswitnessed its ownradical changes.In 2014,the per-capita GDP of Shenzhen has been 25,000dollars, the level of some developed countries in the world. As for thecomprehensivepower,Shenzhenhasbeenrankedthetop among ChinesecitiesShenzhen' s unique geographic positionbrings both domestic and overseasentrepreneurs an ideal place to start their career专业.资料.整理
完美.格式.编辑 专业.资料.整理 In America, however, parents are likely to show respect to their children’s views, and pay more attention to their thoughts in decision-making. It is probably commendable that Chinese parents put emphasis on education. Nevertheless, Chinese parents should learn from their American counterparts on how to balance the relationship between parents and children in terms of education. 15、最近，中国政府决定将其工业升级，中国现在涉足建造高速列车、远洋船舶、 机器人，甚至飞机。不久前，中国获得了再印度尼西亚(Indonesia)建造一条高 铁的合同;中国还与马来西亚(Malaysia)签署了为其提供高速列车的合同。这证 明人们信赖中国造产品。中国造产品越来越受欢迎。中国为此付出了代价，但这 确实有助于消除贫困，同时还为世界各地的人们提供了就业机会。这是一件好事， 值得称赞。下次你去商店时，可能想看一看你所购商品的出产国名。很有可能这 件商品是中国造的。 The Chinese government has decided to upgrade its industry recently. China is currently involved in the construction of high-speed trains, ocean-going vessels, robots, and even aircrafts. Not long ago, China not only obtained a contract for construction of a high-speed rail in Indonesia, but also signed a contract with Malaysia to provide high-speed trains, which proves the fact that people have faith in Chinese-made products. Chinese-made products are becoming increasingly prevalent, for which China has paid a price. However, it dose contribute to eradication of poverty as well as create job opportunities for people all over the world. It is a good deed that deserves applause. You might want to take a glance at the name of manufacturing countries of the products purchased next time you go to the store. The product is probably made in China. 16、深圳是中国广东省一座新开发的城市。在改革开放之前，深圳不过是一个小 渔村。仅有三万多人。20 世纪 80 年代，中国政府创立了深圳经济特区，作为实 施社会主义市场经济的试验田。如今。，深圳人口已经超过 1,000 万，整个城市 发生巨大的变化。到 2014 年，深圳的经济实力而言，深圳居于中国顶尖城市之 列。由于其独特的地位，深圳也是国内企业家创业人均 GDP 已经达到 25,000 美 元，相当于一些发达国家的水平。就综合的理想之地。 Shenzhen, a newly-developing country in Guangdong Province, China, was only a fishing village with about 30 000 population before the Reform and Opening up. In 1980s, Chinese government made Shenzhen the special economic zone as the experimental field of the market-oriented economy. Now, Shenzhen, with population of over 100 million, has witnessed its own radical changes. In 2014, the per-capita GDP of Shenzhen has been 25,000 dollars, the level of some developed countries in the world. As for the comprehensive power, Shenzhen has been ranked the top among Chinese cities. Shenzhen’s unique geographic position brings both domestic and overseas entrepreneurs an ideal place to start their career
完美.格式.编辑17、旗袍（qipao）是一种雅致的中国服饰，源于中国的满族（ManzuNationality）。在清代，旗袍是王室女性穿着的宽松长袍。上世纪20年代，受西方服饰的影响，旗袍发生了一些变化。袖口（cuffs）变窄，袍身变短。这些变化使女性美得以展现。如今，旗袍经常出现在世界级的时装秀上。中国女性出席重要社交聚会时，旗袍往往是她们的首选。很多中国新娘也会选择旗袍作为结婚礼服。一些有影响的人士甚至建议将旗袍作为中国女性的民族服饰。Qipao, as an elegant and exquisite Chinese clothing, originates fromChina's Manchu Nationality.In the Qing Dynasty, it was aIoose robespecially for theroyal women.In the 1920s, influenced by Westernclothing,it embraced many changes,for example,narrower the cuffs andshorter the dress. These changes enabled Qipao to fully express women' sbeauty.Nowadays, Qipao quite often appears on world-class fashion shows.It is usually the first choice for Chinese women as they attend socialparties. Meanwhile, many Chinese brides will select it as their weddingdress. Some influential personalities even suggest making it as thenational costumefor Chinesewomen.18、中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。为了在科学技术上尽快赶超世界发达国家，中国近年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金。中国的大学和研究所正在积极开展创新研究。这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学、从新能源到机器人等高科技领域。它们还与各地的科技园合作，是创新成果商业化。与此同时，无论在产品还是商业模式上，中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应国内外消费市场不断变化和增长的需求。China's innovation is booming at an unprecedented speed. In order tocatch up with the developed countries in the world in science andtechnologyas soon as possible,China has increased dramatically inrecentyears. The research and development is extremely rapid. China'suniversities andresearchinstitutes areactivelycarryingout innovativeresearches. These studies cover from large data to biochemistry, newenergy to the robot and other high-tech fields. They also work with thepark, which is an innovation commercialization. At the same time,eitherin products or business models, Chinese entrepreneurs are also trying tobe the pioneers of innovation, aiming at adapting to consumers' market,which has constantly changing and growing demand both at home and abroad.专业.资料.整理
完美.格式.编辑 专业.资料.整理 17、旗袍(qipao)是一种雅致的中国服饰，源于中国的满族(Manzu Nationality)。 在清代，旗袍是王室女性穿着的宽松长袍。上世纪 20 年代，受西方服饰的影响， 旗袍发生了一些变化。袖口(cuffs)变窄，袍身变短。这些变化使女性美得以展 现。如今，旗袍经常出现在世界级的时装秀上。中国女性出席重要社交聚会时， 旗袍往往是她们的首选。很多中国新娘也会选择旗袍作为结婚礼服。一些有影响 的人士甚至建议将旗袍作为中国女性的民族服饰。 Qipao, as an elegant and exquisite Chinese clothing, originates from China's Manchu Nationality. In the Qing Dynasty, it was a loose robe specially for the royal women. In the 1920s, influenced by Western clothing, it embraced many changes, for example, narrower the cuffs and shorter the dress. These changes enabled Qipao to fully express women’s beauty. Nowadays, Qipao quite often appears on world-class fashion shows. It is usually the first choice for Chinese women as they attend social parties. Meanwhile, many Chinese brides will select it as their wedding dress. Some influential personalities even suggest making it as the national costume for Chinese women. 18、中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。为了在科学技术上尽快赶超世界 发达国家，中国近年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金。中国的大学和研究所正在积 极开展创新研究。这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学、从新能源到机器人等高 科技领域。它们还与各地的科技园合作，是创新成果商业化。与此同时，无论在 产品还是商业模式上，中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应国内外消费 市场不断变化和增长的需求。 China's innovation is booming at an unprecedented speed. In order to catch up with the developed countries in the world in science and technology as soon as possible, China has increased dramatically in recent years. The research and development is extremely rapid. China's universities and research institutes are actively carrying out innovative researches. These studies cover from large data to biochemistry, new energy to the robot and other high-tech fields. They also work with the park, which is an innovation commercialization. At the same time, either in products or business models, Chinese entrepreneurs are also trying to be the pioneers of innovation, aiming at adapting to consumers’ market, which has constantly changing and growing demand both at home and abroad