Splanchnology (Ⅱ)---- Alimentary system (Ⅱ)
- Alimentary system (Ⅱ) Splanchnology (Ⅱ)
DigestiveglandsSection 1 Liver·thelargest digestive gland· weights 1.15~～1.45kgDiaphragmatic surface:performsmetabolicactivities·secretes bileVisceral surface
Section 1 Liver • the largest digestive gland • weights 1.15～1.45kg • performs metabolic activities • secretes bile Digestive glands: • Diaphragmatic surface • Visceral surface
I.External featuresFalciform lig2 surfaces:·diaphragmatic surfaceDiaphragmatic surface·visceral surfaceBare area34 lobes:right lobeleft lobecaudate lobequadratelobe.Visceral surface
• diaphragmatic surface • visceral surface ① right lobe ② left lobe ③ caudate lobe ④ quadrate lobe Ⅰ. External features 4 lobes: Falciform lig. Bare area • Diaphragmatic surface • Visceral surface 2 surfaces: ③ ④
Visceral surface:a“H"-shaped fissuresLeftlongitudinal fossa@Fissureforligamentumvenosum1② Ligament teres hepatisRight longitudinal fossa:③Inferiorvena cavaGallbladder
Visceral surface: a “H”-shaped fissures Left longitudinal fossa: ① Fissure for ligamentum venosum ② Ligament teres hepatis Right longitudinal fossa: ③ Inferior vena cava ④ Gallbladder ① ② ③ ④
The cross-bar of the"H"> Porta hepatissomestructuresenteringorleavingtheliverHepatic ducts1② Hepatic artery③ Portal vein
➢ Porta hepatis The cross–bar of the “H”: ③ Portal vein ② Hepatic artery ① Hepatic ducts • some structures entering or leaving the liver
Ⅱ.Position right hypochondrium, epigastrium, left hypochondrium. upper border: under the dome of the diaphragm lower border: is sheltered by the right costal marginIn the midline, the liver may be detected less than ahand's breath below the xiphisternal joint
Ⅱ. Position • right hypochondrium, epigastrium, left hypochondrium. • upper border: under the dome of the diaphragm • lower border: is sheltered by the right costal margin. In the midline, the liver may be detected less than a hand’s breath below the xiphisternal joint
Section2 Gallbladder and biliaryductsHepatocytesBileTinycanaliculiBile ductsThe duodenum
Section 2 Gallbladder and biliary ducts Hepatocytes Tiny canaliculi Bile ducts The duodenum Bile
I. Gallbladder·is a storage place for bile· consists of fundus ①, body ②, neck ③ & cystic duct ④: the cystic duct joins the common hepatic duct ?toform common bile duct @livercommonbile ductgallbladder
• is a storage place for bile • consists of fundus ①, body ②, neck ③ & cystic duct ④ • the cystic duct joins the common hepatic duct ⑤ to form common bile duct ⑥ Ⅰ. Gallbladder ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥
A.Gallbladder①Fundus② Body③Neck@ Cystic duct8I.Common bile duct@Righthepaticduct@ Left hepatic ductCommonhepaticduct10@CommonbileductPancreaticductMajorduodenal papilla
① Fundus ② Body ③ Neck ④ Cystic duct Ⅰ .Gallbladder Ⅱ . Common bile duct ⑤ Right hepatic duct ⑥ Left hepatic duct ⑦ Common hepatic duct ⑧ Common bile duct ①② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥⑦⑧⑨ ⑩ ⑨ Pancreatic duct ⑩ Major duodenal papilla
Section3Pancreas· a long, soft gland, 12~15cm long? lies in the upper part of the abdomen: produces both endocrine & exocrine secretionsPancreasDuodenum
Section 3 Pancreas • a long, soft gland, 12～15cm long • lies in the upper part of the abdomen • produces both endocrine & exocrine secretions Duodenum Pancreas