Chapter 7 Gas Chromatograph 7.1 Introduction to Interphase Separations 1. Interphase Separations Mixed Mobile phase Separate Substances Stationary Phase Con ponents
Chapter 7 Gas Chromatograph 7.1 Introduction to Interphase Separations 1. Interphase Separations Mixed Substances Mobile Phase Stationary Phase Separated Components
2. Classification of Chromatography Instrumentation By the types of mobile phase& stationary phase Gas Liquid GLC Gas- Solid GSC Liquid- Liquid LLC Liquid Solid LSC
2. Classification of Chromatography Instrumentation • By the types of mobile phase & stationary phase Gas - Liquid GLC Gas - Solid GSC Liquid - Liquid LLC Liquid - Solid LSC
By separation mechanism absorption a exchange By stationary s forms Column Paper thin layer
• By stationary’s forms Column Paper thin layer • By separation mechanism absorption partition exchange
3. Typical GCS Progresses Carrier gas Sample lector Chromatogram Column→ Detector
3. Typical GCS Progresses Carrier gas Column Sample Injector Detector Chromatogram
7.2 Principle of GC 1. The Interphase Partition of One Substance (1)Partition Coefficient K C(m)= C(s) K 7-1
7.2 Principle of GC 1. The Interphase Partition of One Substance C(m) C(s) (1) Partition Coefficient K m s C C K = 7-1
(2) Partition Ratio k k: Partition Ratio or Capacity factor k 7-2 P,q: mass fraction in the stationary and mobile phase D+q=m,++- 7-3 。+ K kB β: phase ratio
(2) Partition Ratio k p, q : mass fraction in the stationary and mobile phase k: Partition Ratio or Capacity factor m s q p k = + = + =1 + s + m m s m s w w w w w w p q k V V q p q V p V C C K s m m s m s = = = = / / : phase ratio 7-2 7-3 7-4
2. Theoretical Plate R=umunA F C Vc 9+p I+p/g 1+h9 (2) Theoretical Plate Model: 7-5 .Height equivalent to a Theoretical Plate(hetp) o Gas Flow rate is 1 plate volume per time .Sample come into the plate only by the plate no 0 .K is a constant
2.Theoretical Plate (1) Some common relationship q q p p q k q Vc V c Ft F t F F uA u A u u R m m m m m s = + = + = + = = = = = = 1 1 1 / 1 (2) Theoretical Plate Model: •Height Equivalent to a Theoretical Plate(HETP) •Gas Flow rate is 1 plate Volume per time •K is a constant •Sample come into the plate only by the plate No. 0 7-5
p-q 2pa 12 2p-g pg
A n=0 1=00=00000000 p q2 pg q q P ' q2 P3q 3 P2 q2 3Pq p3 p2 Pq4P3q26P2q34Pq吓5 P|4Pq6PqP4P2吖3「Pq
Binomial distributing (p+q)=∑fn 7-6 f r n-r 7 wm= af 7-7 War= pf
Binomial distributing ( ) r n r r n r n n r n r n f c p q p q f − = = + = , 1 , 7-7 7-6 n r s n r n r m n r W pf W qf , , , , = =
