Part 1: Principles ofCKTH2Measurement Methods北VETENSKAP北OCHKONST32KTH Industrial Engineeringand ManagementMihaiNicolescuKTH/Production Engineering
Part 1: Principles of Measurement Methods Mihai Nicolescu KTH/Production Engineering
Lecture 1MeasurementKTH3SystemsVETENSKAP2OCHKONST58XKTH Industrial Engineeringand Management
Lecture 1 Measurement Systems
MeasurementsThe information acquired is based on the output of themeasurement device or system. There are important issues to beaddressed to ensure that the output of the measurement device is areliable indication of the true value of the measured variable.204060208040O120租
Measurements • The information acquired is based on the output of the measurement device or system. There are important issues to be addressed to ensure that the output of the measurement device is a reliable indication of the true value of the measured variable
Measurement FeasibilityWe must address the following important questions:1. How can a measurement or test plan be devised sothat the measurement provides the unambiguousinformation we seek?2. How can a measurement system be used so thatthe engineer can easily interpret the measured dataand be confident in their meaning?
Measurement Feasibility We must address the following important questions: 1. How can a measurement or test plan be devised so that the measurement provides the unambiguous information we seek? 2. How can a measurement system be used so that the engineer can easily interpret the measured data and be confident in their meaning?
Learning Objectives: identify the major components of a general measurementsystem, and state the function of each.: develop an experimental test plan,: distinguish between random and systematic errors, describe and define the various error types,: define a standard and distinguish among primary,secondary, and transfer standards, and clearly delineate defined and derived dimensions in variousunit systems
Learning Objectives • identify the major components of a general measurement system, and state the function of each, • develop an experimental test plan, • distinguish between random and systematic errors, • describe and define the various error types, • define a standard and distinguish among primary, secondary, and transfer standards, and • clearly delineate defined and derived dimensions in various unit systems
GENERALMEASUREMENTSYSTEMA measurement is an act of assigning a specificvalue to a physical variable. That physicalvariable is the measured variableA measurement system is a tool used forquantifying the measured variable
GENERAL MEASUREMENT SYSTEM • A measurement is an act of assigning a specific value to a physical variable. That physical variable is the measured variable. • A measurement system is a tool used for quantifying the measured variable
MeasurementSystemA system is composed of components that worktogether to accomplish a specific objectiveWe begin by describing the components that make up ameasurement system, using specific examples.Then we will generalize to a model of the genericmeasurement system
Measurement System A system is composed of components that work together to accomplish a specific objective. We begin by describing the components that make up a measurement system, using specific examples. Then we will generalize to a model of the generic measurement system
Sensor & TransducersA sensor is an element in a mechatronic ormeasurement system that detects the magnitude ofa physical parameter and changes it into a signalthat can be processed by the system.Often the active element of a sensor is referred toas a transducer
Sensor & Transducers A sensor is an element in a mechatronic or measurement system that detects the magnitude of a physical parameter and changes it into a signal that can be processed by the system. Often the active element of a sensor is referred to as a transducer
Sensor ,Transducer and ActuatorsDevices which perform an “Input" function are commonlycalled Sensors because they sense" a physical change insome characteristic that changes in response to someexcitation, Transducers are used to convert energy of one kind intoenergy of another kind, Devices which perform an “Output" function are generallycalled Actuators and are used to control some externaldevice, for example movement or sound
Sensor , Transducer and Actuators • Devices which perform an “Input” function are commonly called Sensors because they “sense” a physical change in some characteristic that changes in response to some excitation, • Transducers are used to convert energy of one kind into energy of another kind, • Devices which perform an “Output” function are generally called Actuators and are used to control some external device, for example movement or sound
Electrical TransducersInputControllerOutputDeviceDeviceorSystemAmplifierMicrophoneLoudspeaker
Electrical Transducers