《航海学》课程教学资源（文献资料）Pub120bk SAILING DIRECTIONS（PLANNING GUIDE）PACIFIC OCEAN AND SOUTHEAST ASIA，2008，SIXTH EDITION

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PrefacePub.120, Sailing Directions (Planning Guide) Pacific Ocean7.Mailing address:Maritime Domainand Southeast Asia, Sixth Edition, 2008,is issued for use inNational Geospatial-Intelligenceconjunction with the following Sailing Directions (Enroute)AgencyPublications:Mail Stop D-44Pub.125,Pub.126, Pub.127,Pub.153,Pub.154,4600 Sangamore RoadPub. 155, Pub. 157, Pub. 158, Pub. 159, Pub. 161,Bethesda MD20816-5003Pub.162,Pub.163,and Pub.164.New editions of Sailing Directions are corrected through theDigital Nautical Charts5,6.7,11,12,13,14,23,24,25,26.dateof publication shown above.Importantinformation toand 27 provide electronic chart coverage for the area coveredamend material in the publication is available as a Publicationby this publication.Digital Update(PDU)from theNGAMaritimeDomain web-This publication as originally published has been correctedsite.to6September2008,includingNoticetoMarinersNo.36of2008.NGAMaritime Domain WebsiteExplanatory Remarkshttp://www.nga.mil/portal/site/maritimeSailing Directions are published by the National Geospatial-Courses.-Courses aretrue,and areexpressed inthe sameIntelligence Agency (NGA)under the authority of Departmentof DefenseDirective5105.40,dated12December1988,andmanner as bearings.The directives"steer"and"make good"apursuant to the authority contained in U. S. Code Title 10,coursemean,withoutexception,toproceedfromapointofori-Sections 2791 and 2792 and Title 44,Section 1336.Sailinggin along a track having the identical meridional angle as theDirections, covering the harbors, coasts, and waters of thedesignated course.Vessels following the directives must allowworld,provide information that cannot be shown graphicallyfor every influence tending to cause deviation from such trackon nautical charts and is not readily available elsewhere.and navigate so that the designated course is continuouslySailing Directions (Planning Guide)are intended to assistbeing made good.Currents.Current directions are the true directions towardmariners in planning ocean passages and to eliminate duplica-tionby consolidatinguseful information about all thecountrieswhich currents set.adjacenttoaparticularoceanbasinin one volumeDistances.Distancesareexpressed in nautical miles of1Planning Guide publications are compiled and structured inminute of latitude.Distances of less than 1 mile are expressedthe alphabetical order of countries contained within the regionin meters, or tenths of miles.Geographic Names.Geographic names are generallycoveredbyeachpublicationBearings.Bearings are true,and are expressed in degreesthose used by the nation having sovereignty.Names in paren-from 000(north)to 360°,measuredclockwise.Generaltheses following another name are alternate names that maybearings are expressed by the initial letters of the points of theappear on some charts. In general, alternate names are quotedcompass (e.g. N, NNE, NE, etc.). Adjective and adverb end-only intheprincipal descriptionof theplace.Diacritical marks,ings havebeen discarded.Wherever precisebearings are in-such as accents,cedillas,and circumflexes,which are relatedtotended, degrees are used.specific letters in certain foreign languages, are not used in theCharts.-Reference to charts made throughout this publi-interest oftypographical simplicity.cation refer to both the paper chart and the Digital NauticalGeographic names or their spellings do not necessarily re-Chart(DNC)flect recognition of the political status of an area by the UnitedCorrectiveInformation.Users should refercorrections,States Government.additions, and comments to NGA's Maritime Operations Desk.Heights.Heights are referred to the plane of referenceas follows:used for that purpose on the charts and are expressed in meters.InternetLinks.Thispublication provides Internet linksto1.Toll free:1-800-362-6289web sites concerned with maritime navigational safety,includ-ing but not limited to, Federal government sites,foreign2.Commercial:301-227-3147HydrographicOffices,andforeignpublic/privateportfacilities.NGAmakes no claims,promises,or guaranteesconcerning the3.DSN:287-3147accuracy,completeness, or adequacy of the contents of theseweb sites and expressly disclaims any liability for errors and4.DNC web site:http://www.nga.mil/portal/site/omissionsinthecontentsofthesewebsitesdncInternational Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS)5.Maritime Divi-http://www.nga.mil/portal/site/Code.TheISPS Code is a comprehensive set of measures tosion website:maritimeenhance the security of ships and port facilities developed inresponsetotheperceivedthreatsto shipsandportfacilities in6.E-mail:navsafety@nga.milthewakeof the9/11attacks intheUnited States.InformationPub.120II

Pub. 120 III Preface Pub. 120, Sailing Directions (Planning Guide) Pacific Ocean and Southeast Asia, Sixth Edition, 2008, is issued for use in conjunction with the following Sailing Directions (Enroute) Publications: Pub. 125, Pub. 126, Pub. 127, Pub. 153, Pub. 154, Pub. 155, Pub. 157, Pub. 158, Pub. 159, Pub. 161, Pub. 162, Pub. 163, and Pub. 164. Digital Nautical Charts 5, 6. 7, 11, 12, 13, 14, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 27 provide electronic chart coverage for the area covered by this publication. This publication as originally published has been corrected to 6 September 2008, including Notice to Mariners No. 36 of 2008. Explanatory Remarks Sailing Directions are published by the National GeospatialIntelligence Agency (NGA) under the authority of Department of Defense Directive 5105.40, dated 12 December 1988, and pursuant to the authority contained in U. S. Code Title 10, Sections 2791 and 2792 and Title 44, Section 1336. Sailing Directions, covering the harbors, coasts, and waters of the world, provide information that cannot be shown graphically on nautical charts and is not readily available elsewhere. Sailing Directions (Planning Guide) are intended to assist mariners in planning ocean passages and to eliminate duplication by consolidating useful information about all the countries adjacent to a particular ocean basin in one volume. Planning Guide publications are compiled and structured in the alphabetical order of countries contained within the region covered by each publication. Bearings.—Bearings are true, and are expressed in degrees from 000° (north) to 360°, measured clockwise. General bearings are expressed by the initial letters of the points of the compass (e.g. N, NNE, NE, etc.). Adjective and adverb endings have been discarded. Wherever precise bearings are intended, degrees are used. Charts.—Reference to charts made throughout this publication refer to both the paper chart and the Digital Nautical Chart (DNC). Corrective Information.—Users should refer corrections, additions, and comments to NGA’s Maritime Operations Desk, as follows: New editions of Sailing Directions are corrected through the date of publication shown above. Important information to amend material in the publication is available as a Publication Digital Update (PDU) from the NGA Maritime Domain website. Courses.—Courses are true, and are expressed in the same manner as bearings. The directives “steer” and “make good” a course mean, without exception, to proceed from a point of origin along a track having the identical meridional angle as the designated course. Vessels following the directives must allow for every influence tending to cause deviation from such track, and navigate so that the designated course is continuously being made good. Currents.—Current directions are the true directions toward which currents set. Distances.—Distances are expressed in nautical miles of 1 minute of latitude. Distances of less than 1 mile are expressed in meters, or tenths of miles. Geographic Names.—Geographic names are generally those used by the nation having sovereignty. Names in parentheses following another name are alternate names that may appear on some charts. In general, alternate names are quoted only in the principal description of the place. Diacritical marks, such as accents, cedillas, and circumflexes, which are related to specific letters in certain foreign languages, are not used in the interest of typographical simplicity. Geographic names or their spellings do not necessarily reflect recognition of the political status of an area by the United States Government. Heights.—Heights are referred to the plane of reference used for that purpose on the charts and are expressed in meters. Internet Links.—This publication provides Internet links to web sites concerned with maritime navigational safety, including but not limited to, Federal government sites, foreign Hydrographic Offices, and foreign public/private port facilities. NGA makes no claims, promises, or guarantees concerning the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the contents of these web sites and expressly disclaims any liability for errors and omissions in the contents of these web sites. International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code.—The ISPS Code is a comprehensive set of measures to enhance the security of ships and port facilities developed in response to the perceived threats to ships and port facilities in the wake of the 9/11 attacks in the United States. Information 1. Toll free: 1-800-362-6289 2. Commercial: 301-227-3147 3. DSN: 287-3147 4. DNC web site: http://www.nga.mil/portal/site/ dnc 5. Maritime Division website: http://www.nga.mil/portal/site/ maritime 6. E-mail: navsafety@nga.mil 7. Mailing address: Maritime Domain National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Mail Stop D-44 4600 Sangamore Road Bethesda MD 20816-5003 NGA Maritime Domain Website http://www.nga.mil/portal/site/maritime

on the ISPS Code can be found at the International MaritimeTime Zone.—The Time Zone description(s), as well asOrganization web site:information concerning the use of Daylight Savings Time, areincluded. The World Time Zone Chart is available on the Inter-net at the website given below.International Maritime Organization Home Pagehttp://www.imo.orgWorld TimeZone Charthttp:/www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/Lights and Fog Signals.Lights and fog signals are notreference_maps/pdf/time_zones.pdfdescribed, and light sectors are not usually defined. The LightLists should be consultedforcomplete information.Winds.Wind directions are the true directions from whichNational Ocean Claims.Information on national oceanwinds blow.claims and maritime boudary disputes, which have been com-piled from the best available sources, is provided solely in theinterest of the navigational safety of shipping and in no wayconstitutes legal recognition by the United States. These non-ReferenceListrecognized claims and requirements may include,but are notThe principal sources examined in the preparation of thislimited to:1. A requirement by a state for advance permission orpublication were:British Hydrographic Office Sailing Directions.notification for innocent passage ofwarships in theterritorial sea.Canadian Sailing Directions.2. Straight baseline, internal waters, or historic watersFrench Sailing Directions.claims.Japanese Sailing Directions3.The establishment of a security zone, where a stateKorean Sailing Directions.claims to control activity beyond its territorial sea for secur-Russian Sailing Directions.ity reasons unrelated to that state's police powers in its terri-Fairplay Ports and Terminals.The Statesman's Yearbook.tory,including itsterritorial sea.Radio Navigational Aids.Radio navigational aids andThe World Factbook.Reports from United States Naval and merchant vesselsradio weather services are not described in detail. PublicationNo.117Radio Navigational Aids and NOAA Publicationand various shipping companies.Selected Worldwide Marine Weather Broadcasts, should beOther U.S.Government publications,reports, and docu-consulted.ments.Soundings.Soundings are referred to the datum of theCharts, light lists, tide and current tables, and other docu-charts and are expressed in meters.ments in possession of the Agency.Special Warnings.Special Warnings may be in force forInternetWeb sites,asfollows:the geographic area covered by this publication. Special1.Calendar of All Legal Public Holidays.Warnings are printed in the weekly Notice to Mariners uponhttp:/www.bank-holidays.com2.Departmentof State/U.S.Embassies.promulgation and are reprinted annually in Notice to MarinersNo. 1.A listing of Special Warnings currently in force ishttp://usembassy.state.gov.printed in each weekly Notice to Mariners, Section IIl, Broad-IMBPiracyReportingCenterHomePage.cast Warnings, along with the notice number of promulgation.http:/www.iccwbo.org/ccs/menu_imb_piracy.aspSpecial Warnings are also available on the Maritime Division4.WorldFactbook.website.http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbookIVPub.120

IV Pub. 120 on the ISPS Code can be found at the International Maritime Organization web site: Lights and Fog Signals.—Lights and fog signals are not described, and light sectors are not usually defined. The Light Lists should be consulted for complete information. National Ocean Claims.—Information on national ocean claims and maritime boudary disputes, which have been compiled from the best available sources, is provided solely in the interest of the navigational safety of shipping and in no way constitutes legal recognition by the United States. These nonrecognized claims and requirements may include, but are not limited to: 1. A requirement by a state for advance permission or notification for innocent passage of warships in the territorial sea. 2. Straight baseline, internal waters, or historic waters claims. 3. The establishment of a security zone, where a state claims to control activity beyond its territorial sea for security reasons unrelated to that state’s police powers in its territory, including its territorial sea. Radio Navigational Aids.—Radio navigational aids and radio weather services are not described in detail. Publication No. 117 Radio Navigational Aids and NOAA Publication, Selected Worldwide Marine Weather Broadcasts, should be consulted. Soundings.—Soundings are referred to the datum of the charts and are expressed in meters. Special Warnings.—Special Warnings may be in force for the geographic area covered by this publication. Special Warnings are printed in the weekly Notice to Mariners upon promulgation and are reprinted annually in Notice to Mariners No. 1. A listing of Special Warnings currently in force is printed in each weekly Notice to Mariners, Section III, Broadcast Warnings, along with the notice number of promulgation. Special Warnings are also available on the Maritime Division website. Time Zone.—The Time Zone description(s), as well as information concerning the use of Daylight Savings Time, are included. The World Time Zone Chart is available on the Internet at the website given below. Winds.—Wind directions are the true directions from which winds blow. Reference List The principal sources examined in the preparation of this publication were: British Hydrographic Office Sailing Directions. Canadian Sailing Directions. French Sailing Directions. Japanese Sailing Directions. Korean Sailing Directions. Russian Sailing Directions. Fairplay Ports and Terminals. The Statesman’s Yearbook. The World Factbook. Reports from United States Naval and merchant vessels and various shipping companies. Other U.S. Government publications, reports, and documents. Charts, light lists, tide and current tables, and other documents in possession of the Agency. Internet Web sites, as follows: 1. Calendar of All Legal Public Holidays. http://www.bank-holidays.com 2. Department of State/U.S. Embassies. http://usembassy.state.gov 3. IMB Piracy Reporting Center Home Page. http://www.iccwbo.org/ccs/menu_imb_piracy.asp 4. World Factbook. http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook International Maritime Organization Home Page http://www.imo.org World Time Zone Chart http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/ reference_maps/pdf/time_zones.pdf

Pub. 120 V Contents COUNTRIES Page How to Keep this Book Corrected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III Chartlet—Sector Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VII Conversion Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VIII Sailing Directions Information and Suggestion Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IX Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XI AMERICAN SAMOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 AUSTRALIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 BRUNEI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 CAMBODIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 CANADA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 CHILE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 CHINA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 COLOMBIA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 COOK ISLANDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 COSTA RICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 EAST TIMOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 ECUADOR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 EL SALVADOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA . . . . . . . . . 135 FIJI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 FRENCH POLYNESIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 GUATEMALA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 HONDURAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 HONG KONG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 INDONESIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 JAPAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 KIRIBATI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 MACAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 MALAYSIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 MARSHALL ISLANDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 MEXICO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 NAURU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 NEW CALEDONIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 NEW ZEALAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 NICARAGUA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 NIUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 NORTH KOREA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 PACIFIC OCEAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 PALAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 PANAMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 PAPUA NEW GUINEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 PERU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 PHILIPPINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335 PITCAIRN ISLANDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 RUSSIA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343 SOLOMON ISLANDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367 SOUTH KOREA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371 SAMOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 TAIWAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393 THAILAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399 TOKELAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403 TONGA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405 TUVALU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409 VANUATU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411 VIETNAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415 WALLIS AND FUTUNA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419

Conversion TablesFeettoMetersFeet012345678900.300.610.911.221.521.832.132.442.740.00103.053.353.663.964.274.574.885.185.495.79206.106.406.717.017.327.627.928.238.538.84309.149.459.7510.0610.3610.6710.9711.2811.5811.894012.1912.5012.8013.1113.4114.0214.3314.6314.9313.725015.2416.1517.3715.5415.8516.4616.7617.0717.6817.986018.2918.5918.9019.2019.5119.8120.1220.4220.7321.037021.3422.2522.5523.4721.6421.9522.8623.1623.7724.088026.5224.3824.6924.9925.3025.6025.9126.2126.8227.139027.4327.7428.0428.3528.6529.2629.5729.8728.9630.17Fathoms to Meters02345789Fathoms1600.001.833.665.497.329.1412.8016.4610.9714.631021.9531.0918.2920.1223.7725.6027.4329.2632.9234.752036.5838.4040.2342.0643.8947.5549.3851.2153.0345.723054.8656.6958.5260.3562.1865.8469.4971.3264.0167.674073.1574.9876.8178.6480.4782.3084.1285.9587.7889.615091.4493.2795.1096.9398.75100.58102.41104.24106.07107.9060109.73111.56113.39115.21117.04118.87120.70122.53124.36126.1970128.02129.85131.67133.50135.33137.16138.99140.82142.65144.4780146.30148.13149.96151.79153.62155.45157.28159.11160.93162.7690164.59166.42168.25170.08171.91173.74175.56177.39179.22181.05Meters to Feet0234589Meters16700.003.286.569.8413.1216.4019.6822.9726.2529.531032.8136.0939.3742.6545.9349.2152.4955.7759.0662.342065.6268.9072.1875.4678.7482.0285.3088.5891.8695.143098.42101.71104.99108.27111.55114.83118.11121.39124.67127.9540131.23134.51150.92154.20157.48137.80141.08144.36147.64160.7650164.04170.60177.16180.45187.01190.29167.32173.88183.73193.5760213.25196.85200.13203.41206.69209.97216.54219.82223.10226.3870229.66232.94236.22239.50242.78246.06249.34252.62255.90259.1980262.47265.75269.03272.31275.59278.87282.15285.43288.71291.9990295.28298.56301.84318.24321.52324.80305.12308.40311.68314.96Meters to Fathoms34502789Meters1602.734.370.000.551.091.642.193.283.834.92105.476.016.567.117.668.208.759.309.8410.392010.9411.4812.0312.5813.1213.6714.2214.7615.3115.863016.4016.9517.5018.0418.5919.1419.6820.2320.7821.334021.8722.4222.9723.5124.0625.1525.7026.2524.6126.795027.3427.8928.4328.9829.5330.0730.6231.1731.7132.266032.8133.3633.9034.4535.0035.5436.0936.6437.1837.737038.2838.8239.3739.9240.4641.0141.5642.1042.6543.208043.7444.2944.8445.3845.9346.4847.0347.5748.1248.679049.2150.3150.8551.9552.4953.0453.5954.1349.7651.40VIIIPub.120

VIII Pub. 120 Conversion Tables Feet to Meters Feet 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0.00 0.30 0.61 0.91 1.22 1.52 1.83 2.13 2.44 2.74 10 3.05 3.35 3.66 3.96 4.27 4.57 4.88 5.18 5.49 5.79 20 6.10 6.40 6.71 7.01 7.32 7.62 7.92 8.23 8.53 8.84 30 9.14 9.45 9.75 10.06 10.36 10.67 10.97 11.28 11.58 11.89 40 12.19 12.50 12.80 13.11 13.41 13.72 14.02 14.33 14.63 14.93 50 15.24 15.54 15.85 16.15 16.46 16.76 17.07 17.37 17.68 17.98 60 18.29 18.59 18.90 19.20 19.51 19.81 20.12 20.42 20.73 21.03 70 21.34 21.64 21.95 22.25 22.55 22.86 23.16 23.47 23.77 24.08 80 24.38 24.69 24.99 25.30 25.60 25.91 26.21 26.52 26.82 27.13 90 27.43 27.74 28.04 28.35 28.65 28.96 29.26 29.57 29.87 30.17 Fathoms to Meters Fathoms 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0.00 1.83 3.66 5.49 7.32 9.14 10.97 12.80 14.63 16.46 10 18.29 20.12 21.95 23.77 25.60 27.43 29.26 31.09 32.92 34.75 20 36.58 38.40 40.23 42.06 43.89 45.72 47.55 49.38 51.21 53.03 30 54.86 56.69 58.52 60.35 62.18 64.01 65.84 67.67 69.49 71.32 40 73.15 74.98 76.81 78.64 80.47 82.30 84.12 85.95 87.78 89.61 50 91.44 93.27 95.10 96.93 98.75 100.58 102.41 104.24 106.07 107.90 60 109.73 111.56 113.39 115.21 117.04 118.87 120.70 122.53 124.36 126.19 70 128.02 129.85 131.67 133.50 135.33 137.16 138.99 140.82 142.65 144.47 80 146.30 148.13 149.96 151.79 153.62 155.45 157.28 159.11 160.93 162.76 90 164.59 166.42 168.25 170.08 171.91 173.74 175.56 177.39 179.22 181.05 Meters to Feet Meters 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0.00 3.28 6.56 9.84 13.12 16.40 19.68 22.97 26.25 29.53 10 32.81 36.09 39.37 42.65 45.93 49.21 52.49 55.77 59.06 62.34 20 65.62 68.90 72.18 75.46 78.74 82.02 85.30 88.58 91.86 95.14 30 98.42 101.71 104.99 108.27 111.55 114.83 118.11 121.39 124.67 127.95 40 131.23 134.51 137.80 141.08 144.36 147.64 150.92 154.20 157.48 160.76 50 164.04 167.32 170.60 173.88 177.16 180.45 183.73 187.01 190.29 193.57 60 196.85 200.13 203.41 206.69 209.97 213.25 216.54 219.82 223.10 226.38 70 229.66 232.94 236.22 239.50 242.78 246.06 249.34 252.62 255.90 259.19 80 262.47 265.75 269.03 272.31 275.59 278.87 282.15 285.43 288.71 291.99 90 295.28 298.56 301.84 305.12 308.40 311.68 314.96 318.24 321.52 324.80 Meters to Fathoms Meters 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0.00 0.55 1.09 1.64 2.19 2.73 3.28 3.83 4.37 4.92 10 5.47 6.01 6.56 7.11 7.66 8.20 8.75 9.30 9.84 10.39 20 10.94 11.48 12.03 12.58 13.12 13.67 14.22 14.76 15.31 15.86 30 16.40 16.95 17.50 18.04 18.59 19.14 19.68 20.23 20.78 21.33 40 21.87 22.42 22.97 23.51 24.06 24.61 25.15 25.70 26.25 26.79 50 27.34 27.89 28.43 28.98 29.53 30.07 30.62 31.17 31.71 32.26 60 32.81 33.36 33.90 34.45 35.00 35.54 36.09 36.64 37.18 37.73 70 38.28 38.82 39.37 39.92 40.46 41.01 41.56 42.10 42.65 43.20 80 43.74 44.29 44.84 45.38 45.93 46.48 47.03 47.57 48.12 48.67 90 49.21 49.76 50.31 50.85 51.40 51.95 52.49 53.04 53.59 54.13

Pub. 120 XI Abbreviations The following abbreviations may be used in the text: Units °C degree(s) Centigrade km kilometer(s) cm centimeter(s) m meter(s) cu.m. cubic meter(s) mb millibars dwt deadweight tons MHz megahertz FEU forty-foot equivalent units mm millimeter(s) grt gross registered tons nrt net registered tons kHz kilohertz TEU twenty-foot equivalent units Directions N north S south NNE northnortheast SSW southsouthwest NE northeast SW southwest ENE eastnortheast WSW westsouthwest E east W west ESE eastsoutheast WNW westnorthwest SE southeast NW northwest SSE southsoutheast NNW northnorthwest Vessel types LASH Lighter Aboard Ship ro-ro Roll-on Roll-off LNG Liquified Natural Gas ULCC Ultra Large Crude Carrier LPG Liquified Petroleum Gas VLCC Very Large Crude Carrier OBO Ore/Bulk/Oil Time ETA estimated time of arrival GMT Greenwich Mean Time ETD estimated time of departure UTC Coordinated Universal Time Water level MSL mean sea level LWS low water springs HW high water MHWN mean high water neaps LW low water MHWS mean high water springs MHW mean high water MLWN mean low water neaps MLW mean low water MLWS mean low water springs HWN high water neaps HAT highest astronomical tide HWS high water springs LAT lowest astronomical tide LWN low water neaps Communications D/F direction finder MF medium frequency R/T radiotelephone HF high frequency GMDSS Global Maritime Distress and Safety System VHF very high frequency LF low frequency UHF ultra high frequency Navigation LANBY Large Automatic Navigation Buoy SPM Single Point Mooring NAVSAT Navigation Satellite TSS Traffic Separation Scheme ODAS Ocean Data Acquisition System VTC Vessel Traffic Center SBM Single Buoy Mooring VTS Vessel Traffic Service Miscellaneous COLREGS Collision Regulations IALA International Association of Lighthouse Authorities No./Nos. PA Number/Numbers Position approximate IHO International Hydrographic Office PD Position doubtful IMO International Maritime Organization Pub. Publication loa length overall St./Ste. Saint/Sainte

The Prudent MarinerForeign produced charts are occasionally mentioned inWarning on the Use of Floating Aids to Navigation inNIMA Sailing Directions when such charts may be of a betterGeneral toFixa NavigationPositionscalethan U.S.produced charts.Marinersareadvised that if orThe aids to navigation depicted on charts comprise a systemwhen such foreign charts are used for navigation it istheirconsisting of fixed and floating aids with varying degrees ofresponsibility to maintain those charts from the Notice toreliability.Therefore,prudent mariners will not rely solely onMariners of the foreign country producing the charts.any single aid to navigation, particularly a floating aid. An aidto navigation also refers to any device or structure external to aThe mariner is warned that the buoyage systems, shapes,craft designed to assistin determination of position.Thiscolors.andlightrhythmsusedbyothercountriesoftenhaveaincludes celestial, terrestial, and electronic means, such as thedifferent significance than the U.S. system.Global Positioning System (GPS) and Differential GPSMariners are further warned about plotting positions,(DGPS).Here, too, the prudent mariner will not rely solely onespecially satellite-derived positions such as from GPS,ontoany single aid to navigation.foreign charts where the datum is unknown or the conversionThe buoy symbol is used to indicate the approximatefrom WGS-84 is unknown.position of the buoy body and the sinker, which secures thebuoy to the seabed.The approximate position is used becauseChartNotes Regarding DifferentDatumsof practical limitations in positioning and maintaining buoysParticular caution should be exercised during a passageand their sinkers in precise geographical locations. Theselimitations include,butarenot limitedto,inherentwhen transferring the navigational plot to an adjacent chartimprecisionsinpositionfixingmethods,prevailingupon a different geodetic datum or when transferring positionsatmospheric andseaconditions.theslope of andthematerialfrom one chart to another chart of the same area, which isbased upon a different datum.Thetransfer of positions shouldmaking up the seabed, the fact that buoys are moored to sinkersby varying lengths of chain, and thefact that buoy and/orbe done by bearings and distances from common features.sinker positions are not under continuous surveillance but areNotes on charts should be read with care, as they giveimportant information not graphically presented.Notes innormally checked only during periodic maintenance visitswhich often occur more than a year apart. The position of theconnection with the chart title include the horizontal geodeticbuoybodycanbe expected to shift inside and outside thedatumwhichservesasareferenceforthevalues of thelatitudecharting symbol due to theforces of nature.Themariner is alsoand longitude of any point or object on the chart.The latitudescautioned that buoys are liable to be carried away,shiftedand longitudes of the same points or objects on a second chartcapsized, sunk, etc. Lighted buoys may be extinguished orof the same area, which is based upon a different datum, willsound signals may not function as the result of ice or otherdiffer from those of the first chart.The difference may benavigationally significant.Additionally, datum changesnatural causes, collisions, or other accidents.Many of thesefactors also apply to articulated lights. For the foregoingbetween chart editions could significantly affect thepositionsreasons,a prudent mariner must not rely completelyupon theof navigational aids found in the List of Lights and otherposition or operation of floating aids to navigation, but willNIMApublications.also utilize bearings from fixed objects and aids to navigationon shore.Further,a vessel attempting to pass close aboardPositions obtained from satellite navigation systems,such asalways risks collision with a yawing buoy or with thefromGPS,are normallyreferredtotheWorldGeodetic Systemobstruction the buoymarks.1984(WGS-84)Datum.ThedifferencesbetweenGPSsatellite-derived positions and positions on someforeign chartscannot be determined: mariners are warned that theseUse of Foreign ChartsdifferencesMAYBESIGNIFICANTTONAVIGATIONandIn the interest of safe navigation,caution should be exercisedare therefore advised to use alternative sources of positionalin the use of foreign charts not maintained through U.S. Noticeinformation, particularly when closing the shore or navigatingto Mariners.in the vicinity of dangers.XIIPub.120

XII Pub. 120 The Prudent Mariner Warning on the Use of Floating Aids to Navigation in General to Fix a Navigation Position The aids to navigation depicted on charts comprise a system consisting of fixed and floating aids with varying degrees of reliability. Therefore, prudent mariners will not rely solely on any single aid to navigation, particularly a floating aid. An aid to navigation also refers to any device or structure external to a craft, designed to assist in determination of position. This includes celestial, terrestial, and electronic means, such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) and Differential GPS (DGPS). Here, too, the prudent mariner will not rely solely on any single aid to navigation. The buoy symbol is used to indicate the approximate position of the buoy body and the sinker, which secures the buoy to the seabed. The approximate position is used because of practical limitations in positioning and maintaining buoys and their sinkers in precise geographical locations. These limitations include, but are not limited to, inherent imprecisions in position fixing methods, prevailing atmospheric and sea conditions, the slope of and the material making up the seabed, the fact that buoys are moored to sinkers by varying lengths of chain, and the fact that buoy and/or sinker positions are not under continuous surveillance but are normally checked only during periodic maintenance visits which often occur more than a year apart. The position of the buoy body can be expected to shift inside and outside the charting symbol due to the forces of nature. The mariner is also cautioned that buoys are liable to be carried away, shifted, capsized, sunk, etc. Lighted buoys may be extinguished or sound signals may not function as the result of ice or other natural causes, collisions, or other accidents. Many of these factors also apply to articulated lights. For the foregoing reasons, a prudent mariner must not rely completely upon the position or operation of floating aids to navigation, but will also utilize bearings from fixed objects and aids to navigation on shore. Further, a vessel attempting to pass close aboard always risks collision with a yawing buoy or with the obstruction the buoy marks. Use of Foreign Charts In the interest of safe navigation, caution should be exercised in the use of foreign charts not maintained through U.S. Notice to Mariners. Foreign produced charts are occasionally mentioned in NIMA Sailing Directions when such charts may be of a better scale than U.S. produced charts. Mariners are advised that if or when such foreign charts are used for navigation it is their responsibility to maintain those charts from the Notice to Mariners of the foreign country producing the charts. The mariner is warned that the buoyage systems, shapes, colors, and light rhythms used by other countries often have a different significance than the U.S. system. Mariners are further warned about plotting positions, especially satellite-derived positions such as from GPS, onto foreign charts where the datum is unknown or the conversion from WGS-84 is unknown. Chart Notes Regarding Different Datums Particular caution should be exercised during a passage when transferring the navigational plot to an adjacent chart upon a different geodetic datum or when transferring positions from one chart to another chart of the same area, which is based upon a different datum. The transfer of positions should be done by bearings and distances from common features. Notes on charts should be read with care, as they give important information not graphically presented. Notes in connection with the chart title include the horizontal geodetic datum which serves as a reference for the values of the latitude and longitude of any point or object on the chart. The latitudes and longitudes of the same points or objects on a second chart of the same area, which is based upon a different datum, will differ from those of the first chart. The difference may be navigationally significant. Additionally, datum changes between chart editions could significantly affect the positions of navigational aids found in the List of Lights and other NIMA publications. Positions obtained from satellite navigation systems, such as from GPS, are normally referred to the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS-84) Datum. The differences between GPS satellite-derived positions and positions on some foreign charts cannot be determined: mariners are warned that these differences MAY BE SIGNIFICANT TO NAVIGATION and are therefore advised to use alternative sources of positional information, particularly when closing the shore or navigating in the vicinity of dangers

1AMERICANSAMOA0100kmSwains0100mlIslandSouthSouthPacifioOceanPacificOfuOlsegaSAMOAFRoseOceanTauislandTutuilaPAGOPAGOAunu'uTutuila10020km10o20ml1.Generalare fairly constant from May to Novemberbutare fitful, with1Buoyage Systemperiods of calm,from November to April.1CautionsThe annual rainfall averages over 3,000mm. The rainy sea-1Currencyson is from November to April, with January being the rainiest2Governmentmonth; the dry season runs from May to October.2HolidaysThere is little temperature variation; December is the warm-22Industriesest month and July is the coldest, but the average temperatureLanguagesdifference is onlyabout1-2°C.2Navigational Information22PilotageBuoyageSystemTime Zone2U.S.EmbassyThe IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. SeeChartNo.1forfurtherIALABuoyageSystem information.GeneralAmerican Samoa,an unincorporated territory of the UnitedCautionsStates,consists of those islands ofthe Samoan grouplocated inHurricanes are liable to occur from January to March andthe South Pacific Ocean, E of 171°W.The administrativecenter is Pago Pago, on the main island of Tutuila.occasionallyuptothemiddleofApril.Tutuila is about 19 miles long and 4miles wide.A brokenNumerous Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD),consisting ofjungle-covered mountain range runs almost the length of thelarge rafts fitted with orange pyramidal framework topmarks,island.There are many fertile valleys.Mount Matafao, 702msome of which show flashing lights, are moored in the watershigh, is the highest peak. Mount Pioa, known as the "Rain-around Samoa and American Samoa.These devices should bemaker,"is 563m high.The whole island is thickly wooded andgiven a wide berth. Concentrations of fishing vessels may berichly green, with many fertile valleys.encountered in the vicinity of FADs.On occasion, these raftsThere are six other islands in the group. Aunuu, Tau, Ofu,maybreakawayamdmaybefound adriftanywherein Samoanand Olosega are volcanic islands,with rugged peaks andwaters.limited coastal plains.RoseIsland, a small isolated double-coral atoll, is uninhabited. Swain's Island, a coral atoll 210Currencymiles N of Tutuila, was made part of American Samoa in 1925.The official unit of currency is the U. S. dollar, consisting ofTheclimateistropicalmarine,moderatedbySEtradewinds100 cents.The prevailing winds arefrom betweenESE and NNE.TheyPub.120

1 Pub. 120 AMERICAN SAMOA General 1 Buoyage System 1 Cautions 1 Currency 1 Government 2 Holidays 2 Industries 2 Languages 2 Navigational Information 2 Pilotage 2 Time Zone 2 U.S. Embassy 2 General American Samoa, an unincorporated territory of the United States, consists of those islands of the Samoan group located in the South Pacific Ocean, E of 171°W. The administrative center is Pago Pago, on the main island of Tutuila. Tutuila is about 19 miles long and 4 miles wide. A broken jungle-covered mountain range runs almost the length of the island. There are many fertile valleys. Mount Matafao, 702m high, is the highest peak. Mount Pioa, known as the “Rainmaker,” is 563m high. The whole island is thickly wooded and richly green, with many fertile valleys. There are six other islands in the group. Aunuu, Tau, Ofu, and Olosega are volcanic islands, with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains. Rose Island, a small isolated doublecoral atoll, is uninhabited. Swain’s Island, a coral atoll 210 miles N of Tutuila, was made part of American Samoa in 1925. The climate is tropical marine, moderated by SE trade winds. The prevailing winds are from between ESE and NNE. They are fairly constant from May to November but are fitful, with periods of calm, from November to April. The annual rainfall averages over 3,000mm. The rainy season is from November to April, with January being the rainiest month; the dry season runs from May to October. There is little temperature variation; December is the warmest month and July is the coldest, but the average temperature difference is only about 1-2°C. Buoyage System The IALA Buoyage System (Region A) is in effect. See Chart No. 1 for further IALA Buoyage System information. Cautions Hurricanes are liable to occur from January to March and occasionally up to the middle of April. Numerous Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD), consisting of large rafts fitted with orange pyramidal framework topmarks, some of which show flashing lights, are moored in the waters around Samoa and American Samoa. These devices should be given a wide berth. Concentrations of fishing vessels may be encountered in the vicinity of FADs. On occasion, these rafts may break away amd may be found adrift anywhere in Samoan waters. Currency The official unit of currency is the U. S. dollar, consisting of 100 cents

2American SamoaGovernmentIndustriesThe main industries are fishing, tuna canning, and handi-crafts.The main export is canned tuna. The main export-tradingpartners are Indonesia, India, Australia, Japan, and New Zea-land.The main imports are materials for the tuna canneries, food,petroleum products, and machinery and parts. The main im-port-trading partners are Australia, Samoa,and New Zealand.Flagof AmericanSamoaLanguagesAmerican Samoa is an unincorporated and unorganizedTheir is no official language of American Samoa. Englishterritory of the United States. It is administered by the Depart-and Samoanarecommonlyspoken.ment of Interior, Office of Territorial and International Affairs.The islands are organized into 15 counties grouped into threeNavigational Informationdistricts.American Samoa is governed by a directly-elected GovernorEnroute Volumeserving a 4-year term. The Legislative Assembly consists of anPub.126, SailingDirections(Enroute)PacificIslands18-member Senate,whose members are elected by the chiefsand serve 4-year terms, and a 21-member House of Represen-Maritime Claimstatives, consisting of 20 directly-elected members and one ap-The maritime territorial claims of American Samoa are, aspointed member, serving 2-year terms.follows:The capital is Pago Pago.Territorial Sea12 miles.HolidaysContiguous Zone24miles.The following holidays are observed:Fisheriesor Economic200miles.ZoneJanuary1New Year's DayContinental Shelf200miles or theThird Monday in January Martin Luther KingContinental Margin.DayThird Monday in FebruaryPresident's DayPilotageApril 17Territorial Flag DayLast Monday in May Memorial DayPilotage is not compulsoryfor Pago Pago but is advisable.July4Independence DayTime ZoneJuly 16Manua DayThe Time Zone description is XRAY (+11). Daylight Sav-First Monday in SeptemberLabor Dayings Time is notobservedSecondMondayinOctoberColumbus DayNovember 11Veteran's DayU.S. EmbassyFourth Thursday inThanksgiving DayAmerican Samoa is an unincorporated territory of the UnitedNovemberStates.There are no U.S.diplomatic offices inAmerican SamDecember25Christmas Dayoa.Pub.120

2 American Samoa Pub. 120 Government American Samoa is an unincorporated and unorganized territory of the United States. It is administered by the Department of Interior, Office of Territorial and International Affairs. The islands are organized into 15 counties grouped into three districts. American Samoa is governed by a directly-elected Governor serving a 4-year term. The Legislative Assembly consists of an 18-member Senate, whose members are elected by the chiefs and serve 4-year terms, and a 21-member House of Representatives, consisting of 20 directly-elected members and one appointed member, serving 2-year terms. The capital is Pago Pago. Holidays The following holidays are observed: Industries The main industries are fishing, tuna canning, and handicrafts. The main export is canned tuna. The main export-trading partners are Indonesia, India, Australia, Japan, and New Zealand. The main imports are materials for the tuna canneries, food, petroleum products, and machinery and parts. The main import-trading partners are Australia, Samoa, and New Zealand. Languages Their is no official language of American Samoa. English and Samoan are commonly spoken. Navigational Information Enroute Volume Pub. 126, Sailing Directions (Enroute) Pacific Islands. Maritime Claims The maritime territorial claims of American Samoa are, as follows: Pilotage Pilotage is not compulsory for Pago Pago but is advisable. Time Zone The Time Zone description is XRAY (+11). Daylight Savings Time is not observed. U.S. Embassy American Samoa is an unincorporated territory of the United States. There are no U.S. diplomatic offices in American Samoa. Flag of American Samoa January 1 New Year’s Day Third Monday in January Martin Luther King Day Third Monday in February President’s Day April 17 Territorial Flag Day Last Monday in May Memorial Day July 4 Independence Day July 16 Manua Day First Monday in September Labor Day Second Monday in October Columbus Day November 11 Veteran’s Day Fourth Thursday in November Thanksgiving Day December 25 Christmas Day Territorial Sea 12 miles. Contiguous Zone 24 miles. Fisheries or Economic Zone 200 miles. Continental Shelf 200 miles or the Continental Margin

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