写作的重要性6分最低限,只要结构不出错,得分应该为9分。 评判作文 四级考试作文主要看内容、结构、语言三个方面。 内容不跑题即可,注意:1.不要妄图以情动人:2.不要妄图在构思上出奇制胜 结构上牢记总分总:先写主题句( Topic Sentence),再写分论点,最后写总结句( Conclusion 语言最重要,往往使评分产生重大差异,语言要模仿和包装。 基本表达 u>: it is generally/widely believed/ held/ agreed that 越来越: be increasingly+adj, be on the rise, the growing number of 万能理由( Omnipotence) 1.方便: convenient/ convenience 2.效率: efficient/efficiently! efficiency 3.节省和浪费: save time/money/space; economical, thrift waste time/ money/ space; costly, lavish 4.人的心理健康: independent, cooperative, competitive considerate, confident, creative, sociable perseverance; selfish, isolated, conserative 5.人的身体健康:heah, disease, strong, streng, energetic 6. A%: colorful, pleasure, joy, recreation, entertainment, relax ired, boring, lonely 7.环境: environment, pollute, poisonous, dirty 8.安全和危险:safe, danger,risk 9. 42A: experience, social experience, enter the society 10. AFF: humane fair, unfair, help assist, freedom freely 写完之后修改注意:(内容方面尽量不要修改) 1、字母大小写 2、怪符号 3、单词拼写 4、主谓一致 5、动词时态 6、名词单复数 实例 题目: Bicycles-- An Important Means of Trans port in China提纲:(1)为什么自行车在中国这样普及(2)和汽车的 比较(3)自行车在中国的前途 core: 8 Bicycle is an important means of transport in China. The important reason of it is the economy of Chinese. The use of bicycle in China is widely because people in China have not high wage. They can only afford a bicycle, and they have no money to buy a car which is too expensive. So Chinese usually buy a bicyde, and use it to go to work, or go to travel and so on. The other reason is the large population of China. All these made the bicycle become the important means of transport. The bicycle, compared to the car, is not too expensive and it is easy to leam and to use and it can save the surface of putting it. It doesnt ask to build the garage like car. This point is very important to China, because of the lack of land. It isn o expensive so Chinese can afford it. It doesnt need any oi, and it can t cause the polusion. All of these are the good eeds compared to the car. In the future, bicycle will be widely used. And it will be in good demand. People will produce much more modem bicycles Score: 14 Bicycles are very popular in China. Almost every family in the city has two or three bicycles. During the rush hour, you can ee that thousands of people-man and woman, old and young--ride their bicycles to work and study. That is why China is called the kingdom of bicycles 注:1.第一句总写,第二句和第三句分写,最后总写。 2 During the rush hour分词结构开头 3.破折号内容为同位语句式多变化 Compared with cars, bicycles are superior in many ways. First, they are cheap, convenient and easy to ride. Second
写作的重要性 6分最低限，只要结构不出错，得分应该为9分。 评判作文 四级考试作文主要看内容、结构、语言三个方面。 内容不跑题即可，注意：1.不要妄图以情动人；2.不要妄图在构思上出奇制胜。 结构上牢记总分总：先写主题句(Topic Sentence)，再写分论点，最后写总结句(Conclusion)。 语言最重要，往往使评分产生重大差异，语言要模仿和包装。 基本表达 人们认为：it is generally/ widely believed/ held/ agreed that 越来越：be increasingly + adj., be on the rise, the growing number of 万能理由（Omnipotence） 1. 方便：convenient/ convenience 2. 效率：efficient/ efficiently/ efficiency 3. 节省和浪费：save time/ money/ space; economical, thrift waste time/ money/ space; costly, lavish 4. 人的心理健康：independent, cooperative, competitive, considerate, confident, creative, sociable, perseverance; selfish, isolated, conserative 5. 人的身体健康：health, disease, strong, strength, energetic 6. 娱乐：colorful, pleasure,joy, recreation, entertainmentm, relax tired, boring, lonely 7. 环境：environment, pollute, poisonous, dirty 8. 安全和危险：safe, danger, risk 9. 经验：experience, social experience, enter the society 10. 人际：humane, fair, unfair, help, assist, freedom, freely 写完之后修改注意：（内容方面尽量不要修改） 1、字母大小写 2、怪符号 3、单词拼写 4、主谓一致 5、动词时态 6、名词单复数 实例一 题目：Bicycles――An Important Means of Transport in China提纲：（1）为什么自行车在中国这样普及（2）和汽车的 比较（3）自行车在中国的前途 Score: 8 Bicycle is an important means of transport in China. The important reason of it is the economy of Chinese. The use of bicycle in China is widely because people in China have not high wage. They can only afford a bicycle, and they have no money to buy a car which is too expensive. So Chinese usually buy a bicycle, and use it to go to work, or go to travel and so on. The other reason is the large population of China. All these made the bicycle become the important means of transport. The bicycle, compared to the car, is not too expensive and it is easy to learn and to use and it can save the surface of putting it. It doesn’t ask to build the garage like car. This point is very important to China, because of the lack of land. It isn’t too expensive, so Chinese can afford it. It doesn’t need any oil, and it can’t cause the polusion. All of these are the good needs compared to the car. In the future, bicycle will be widely used. And it will be in good demand. People will produce much more modern bicycles. Score: 14 Bicycles are very popular in China. Almost every family in the city has two or three bicycles. During the rush hour, you can see that thousands of people -- man and woman, old and young -- ride their bicycles to work and study. That is why China is called “the kingdom of bicycles”. 注：1. 第一句总写，第二句和第三句分写，最后总写。 2. During the rush hour 分词结构开头。 3. 破折号内容为同位语,句式多变化。 Compared with cars, bicycles are superior in many ways. First, they are cheap, convenient and easy to ride. Second
riding bicycle is good for health. Third, they bring no noise nor air pollution. Though cars are faster and more comfortable they are too expensive. They consume plenty of oil and they pollute the air. Sometimes, it is difficult for a driver to park his car. Moreover they often cause traffic jams and accidents 注:1. Compared with cars分词结构开头 2. be superior to/ be inferior to优于/低于 3. thirst, second,thid英语语言有层次感,信号词 4. cheap便宜,最好用 Inexpensive 5 be good for health对健康有好处(万能理由) 6. Moreover表示递进 In my opinion, the future of bicyde is very promising Since China is a developing country and has a large population think, riding bicycle is approprate to chinese present conditions It will be an important means of transportation for quite a 注: promIsing有前途的 a promising young man Score: 11 There millions of bicydes in todays China. Bicycles are very important means of transport in people' s daily lives Because to ride a bicyde is very simple, to buy a bicycle will not cost so much money, to park a bicycle ne eds just a small room and to ride a bicycle does not need oil but the rider's strength, bicydes are popular all over the world, especially in 注:第一句应该用 there be结构 Compared with a car, a bicycle is much cheaper. It is more suitable for China as a developing country. And a bicycle has almost caused no pollution but a car has On the contrary, a bicycle is too slow, it costs more times than a car. I think the population of China' s bicycle will be kept for the long run. Because it will be replaced by a car, a bus and so on in some developed areas in China, and it will be made a wide use in the developing areas in China, the number of bicycles in China will be the same as today but I believe that it's quality will be improved I、对比观点选择题:1.有人认为……;2.另外一些人认为……;3.谈谈你的观点和看法。(最好写成4段) 实例二99年6月真题 Outline:1.有人认为读书要有选择2.有人认为应当博览群书3.我的想法 How should we read Should we read selectively or extensively? Everyone has his own view Some people think we should read selectively. They argue that with the development of modem science and technology, more and more books are published. It is impossible for us to read all the books. What's more, there are many bad books that are poisonous to our mind, and we shouldn't read them Since we cant read all the books and we shouldn ' t read bad books, we must read selectively But others may not agree, they emphasize that today's society is not what it was. If one man has many kinds of knowledge, he will have more chances to succeed. If a man knows much in one field but knows nothing in other fields, he may be useless. Since we must have many kinds of knowledge, we must read extensively Who's right? i think both of them have something right. But I think we should read extensively first. We should read books in many fields, and read selectively in one field 典型的对比观点选择题的文章逻辑结构: 启) Paragraph I:(1)引出将要评论的事物或者是观点:(2)简明扼要的提出人们在这个问题上的两种不同看法。 Score:14分 should we read? Should we read selectively or extensively? Everyone has his own view.(A) 第一句提出问题,第二句提出两种见解 典型的对比观点选择题的文章逻辑结构: (承) Paragraph Il:(1)提出一种观点或优点:(2)本段的支持性分论点:(3)本段总结(可以省略) Some people think we should read selectively. They argue that with the development of modern science and technology, more and more books are published It is impossible for us to read all the books. What's more, there are any bad books that are poisonous to our mind, and we shouldnt read them since we can't read all the books an houldn tread bad books, we must read selectively.(3) 注:1.本段总分总结构 2. they argue that they think that 3. with the development of.随着……的发展
riding bicycle is good for health. Third, they bring no noise nor air pollution. Though cars are faster and more comfortable, they are too expensive. They consume plenty of oil and they pollute the air. Sometimes, it is difficult for a driver to park his car. Moreover they often cause traffic jams and accidents. 注：1. Compared with cars 分词结构开头。 2. be superior to/ be inferior to 优于/ 低于 3. thirst, second, third 英语语言有层次感，信号词 4. cheap 便宜，最好用inexpensive 5. be good for health 对健康有好处（万能理由） 6. Moreover 表示递进 In my opinion, the future of bicycle is very promising. Since China is a developing country and has a large population, I think, riding bicycle is appropriate to Chinese present conditions. It will be an important means of transportation for quite a long time. 注：promising 有前途的 a promising young man Score: 11 There millions of bicycles in today’s China. Bicycles are very important means of transport in people’s daily lives. Because to ride a bicycle is very simple, to buy a bicycle will not cost so much money, to park a bicycle ne eds just a small room and to ride a bicycle does not need oil but the rider’s strength, bicycles are popular all over the world, especially in China. 注：第一句应该用there be结构 Compared with a car, a bicycle is much cheaper. It is more suitable for China as a developing country. And a bicycle has almost caused no pollution but a car has. On the contrary, a bicycle is too slow, it costs more times than a car. I think the population of China’s bicycle will be kept for the long run. Because it will be replaced by a car, a bus and so on in some developed areas in China, and it will be made a wide use in the developing areas in China, the number of bicycles in China will be the same as today but I believe that it’s quality will be improved. I、对比观点选择题：1.有人认为……； 2.另外一些人认为……； 3.谈谈你的观点和看法。（最好写成4段） 实例二 99年6月真题 Reading Selectively Or Extensively? Outline: 1. 有人认为读书要有选择2. 有人认为应当博览群书 3. 我的想法 How should we read? Should we read selectively or extensively? Everyone has his own view. Some people think we should read selectively. They argue that with the development of modern science and technology, more and more books are published. It is impossible for us to read all the books. What’s more, there are many bad books that are poisonous to our mind, and we shouldn’t read them. Since we can’t read all the books and we shouldn’t read bad books, we must read selectively. But others may not agree, they emphasize that today's society is not what it was. If one man has many kinds of knowledge, he will have more chances to succeed. If a man knows much in one field but knows nothing in other fields, he may be useless. Since we must have many kinds of knowledge, we must read extensively. Who’s right? I think both of them have something right. But I think we should read extensively first. We should read books in many fields, and read selectively in one field. 典型的对比观点选择题的文章逻辑结构： （启）Paragraph I：（1）引出将要评论的事物或者是观点； （2）简明扼要的提出人们在这个问题上的两种不同看法。 Score: 14分 How should we read? Should we read selectively or extensively? Everyone has his own view.（启） 注：第一句提出问题，第二句提出两种见解 典型的对比观点选择题的文章逻辑结构： （承）Paragraph II：（1）提出一种观点或优点；（2）本段的支持性分论点；（3）本段总结（可以省略）。 Some people think we should read selectively. They argue that with the development of modern science and technology, more and more books are published. It is impossible for us to read all the books. What’s more, there are many bad books that are poisonous to our mind, and we shouldn’t read them. Since we can’t read all the books and we shouldn’t read bad books, we must read selectively.（承） 注：1. 本段总分总结构 2. they argue that = they think that 3. with the development of... 随着……的发展
4. what's more递进关系, moreover 5.bad= pornographic色情的& violent暴力的 典型的对比观点选择题的文章逻辑结构:(转) Paragraph II:(1)承上启下的过渡句:(2)提出另一种观点或缺点:(3) 本段的支持性分论点(4)本段总(可以省略)。 But others may not agree, they emphasize that todays society is not what it was. If one man has many kinds of knowledge, he will have more chances to succeed. If a man knows much in one field but knows nothing in other fields, he may be useless since we must have many kinds of knowledge, we must read extensively. (R) 注:1.But转折词(信号词) 2. they emphasize that= they think that 3 today' s society is not what it was现代社会今昔非比 4.许多知识 a wide range of knowledge/a large scope of knowledge/ much knowledge 获取知识 acquire/get knowledge 5 knows nothing→lite; he may be useless→ he may not be of great use to the society后者比前者更委婉 典型的对比观点选择题的文章逻辑结构:(合) hIV:(1)平衡两种 Who's right? I think both of them have something right. But I think we should read extensively first. We should read books in many fields and read selectively in one field. (a) Score:11分 When it comes to reading some people think that reading selectively is a good way, but some other people do not agree with them, they think that reading extensively is better 注:结构非常好,可以套用。 Those people, who think that reading selectively is better, believe that good books are as many as bad books Those good books can give us pleasure and knowedge, while those bad books can only lead us to the wrong way So, they suggest that we should only choose the good books to read and never touch the bad books 注:1 people,who.,应去掉逗号,改为限制性定语从句 2 as many as bad books改为 as many as bad ones 3. lead us to the wrong way改为 lead sb. astray 4. they suggest that=they think that 5 touch碰(闪光点词汇:如教材P7: shouldering the responsibility of doing sth.肩负起责任) But, the other people, who hold that reading extensively is better, think that one kind of books can only give us one aspect of knowledge. Even the best book only contains one field of infomation. So, they can easily come to the conclusion hat " to know more. to read more. So they believe that reading extensively is better 注:1.hod认为同样表示“ think"的词还有 argue, emphasize, believe, suggest, claim, insist, maintain, agree,hold 2. the best book在西方国家是“圣经”的意思 3. to know more, to read more错误,中式英语 To my point, we should choose good books to read and read good books as many as possible. By this way, we can increase the quality and quantity of reading 范文22 Is Television a Blessing or a Curse? Now, it is generally accepted that television plays an important part in people's lives. But, there is an ongoing heated discussion as to whether television is a blessing or a curse 注: it is generally accepted that人们通常认为 As is often pointed out by some people, television keeps one better infomed about current events allows one to follow the latest developments in politics and science, and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and stimulating. The most distant countries, the strangest customs and the most attractive scenes of nature are brought right into LE: 1. As is often pointed out by some people Some people think that 2.“使…”不用make,而用keep, allow, offer However, other people insist that television is a curse rather than a blessing. They argue that it has brought about many serious problems. The major one is its effects on young people. They are now so used to getting their infomation education and entertainment from television that their literacy as well as physical ability has been greatly weakened. Even worse than that, vulgar commercials and indecent programs may cultivate their bad tastes, distort their viewpoints towards
4. what's more 递进关系，moreover 5. bad = pornographic 色情的 & violent 暴力的 典型的对比观点选择题的文章逻辑结构：（转）Paragraph III：（1）承上启下的过渡句； （2）提出另一种观点或缺点；（3） 本段的支持性分论点（4）本段总（可以省略）。 But others may not agree, they emphasize that today's society is not what it was. If one man has many kinds of knowledge, he will have more chances to succeed. If a man knows much in one field but knows nothing in other fields, he may be useless. Since we must have many kinds of knowledge, we must read extensively.（转） 注：1. But 转折词（信号词） 2. they emphasize that = they think that 3. today's society is not what it was 现代社会今昔非比 4. 许多知识 a wide range of knowledge/ a large scope of knowledge/ much knowledge； 获取知识 acquire/ get knowledge 5. knows nothing→little；he may be useless→he may not be of great use to the society 后者比前者更委婉 典型的对比观点选择题的文章逻辑结构：（合）Paragraph IV：（1）平衡两种看法；（2）给出自己的观点。 Who’s right? I think both of them have something right. But I think we should read extensively first. We should read books in many fields, and read selectively in one field.（合） Score: 11分 When it comes to reading, some people think that reading selectively is a good way, but some other people do not agree with them, they think that reading extensively is better. 注：结构非常好，可以套用。 Those people, who think that reading selectively is better, believe that good books are as many as bad books. Those good books can give us pleasure and knowledge, while those bad books can only lead us to the wrong way. So, they suggest that we should only choose the good books to read and never touch the bad books. 注：1.“people, who...,”应去掉逗号，改为限制性定语从句。 2. as many as bad books 改为 as many as bad ones 3. lead us to the wrong way 改为 lead sb. astray 4. they suggest that = they think that 5. touch 碰（闪光点词汇：如教材P7：shouldering the responsibility of doing sth. 肩负起责任） But, the other people, who hold that reading extensively is better, think that one kind of books can only give us one aspect of knowledge. Even the best book only contains one field of information. So, they can easily come to the conclusion that “to know more, to read more”. So they believe that reading extensively is better. 注：1. hold 认为 同样表示“think”的词还有argue, emphasize, believe, suggest, claim, insist, maintain, agree, hold 2. the best book 在西方国家是“圣经”的意思 3. to know more, to read more 错误，中式英语 To my point, we should choose good books to read and read good books as many as possible. By this way, we can increase the quality and quantity of reading. 范文22. Is Television a Blessing or a Curse? Now, it is generally accepted that television plays an important part in people’s lives. But, there is an ongoing heated discussion as to whether television is a blessing or a curse. 注：it is generally accepted that 人们通常认为 As is often pointed out by some people, television keeps one better informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in politics and science, and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and stimulating. The most distant countries, the strangest customs and the most attractive scenes of nature are brought right into one’s room. 注：1. As is often pointed out by some people = Some people think that 2. “使……”不用make，而用keep, allow, offer However, other people insist that television is a curse rather than a blessing. They argue that it has brought about many serious problems. The major one is its effects on young people. They are now so used to getting their information, education and entertainment from television that their literacy as well as physical ability has been greatly weakened. Even worse than that, vulgar commercials and indecent programs may cultivate their bad tastes, distort their viewpoints towards
human life to such a degree that their minds might be corrupted telev. In summary, television has both advantages and disadvantages. Whatever effects it has, one thing is certa in, ision in itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses to which it is put that determines its value to society 范文5 Travelling People who like travelling have their reasons. They maintain that travelling can help them expand their scope of knowledge, especially geographical and historical leaming. They go on to point out that touring will provide more chande for them to enjoy food and try on clothes that they otherwise cannot possible have 注: geographical and historica押尾韵,如:押头韵 clear.&cean Those who dislike travelling have the ir reasons. They would argue that travelling means a considerable amount of money and energy. For example traffic and accommodation require money and walking while seeing sights of ten tires you In practice, travelling does more good than harm. If your finance and health pemit, you might as well do some travelling from time to time. It will at least enable you to get familiar with people and things that you will probably grow to ike and love 注:1. in practice= I think2. does more good than ham好处比坏处多,其他表达方法: be superior to/ inferior to比如:the advantages are superior to the disadvantages 3. enable li 范文1. Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? Atest of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET). Some people argue that it is absolutely necessary to hold a test of spoken English in China because we have been informed frequently that a Chinese student who has been leaming English for over ten years cannot even communicate with a native speaker Sometimes even those top students who excel in grammar and writing skills find their English inadequate to express their thoughts freely A test of English will bring the college students an awareness of the importance of oral English, and will thus help them with their communicating skills 使句孑具有表现力的手段:1、用形容词修饰名词:2、副词修饰动词、副词修饰形容词 On the other hand, some others still maintain that a good command of reading and writing skills will be enough for the English leamers. To some extent their opinion derives from the fact that students are already under considerable pressure from their opinion denves from the fact that students are already under considerable pressure from thei on several guessed questions according to the fixed format of the test, hoping for a coincidence to bring them goodluck 3 oursework. Another required test will only add to their burden. Moreover, some students may take the shortcut by focusing In my opinion, a test of spoken English will do more good than ham. Since China will continue its policy of openi and refom, the ability to speak English fluently is a must for anyone who wants to surpass others in a highly competitive society. Whether I take the test or not, I shall spare no efforts to practice oral English in the remaining years of my college 范文21. Should smoking be banned? Should smoking be banned Answers to this question vary greatly. Some people are in favor of the idea of smoking They always say that it can get rid of the tiredness and make them refreshed. And they also say that giving and being given cigarettes is a sign of friendship. Therefore, they carry cigarettes with them wherever they go 注:1. vary greatly许多种2. be in favor of= agree/ be of the opinion that 3. get rid of the tiredness and make them refreshed使人神清气爽 4. Giving and being given给与被给。主、被动关系在英文中用现在、过去分词表达 But other people consider it very hamful to people' s health. They have heard the official reports that one person in the world dies from smoking every second. And they have heard the doctors warning that smokers are more likely to have lung cancer and to increase their chances of having heart attack. In addition, smoking pollutes the air and may ause fire accidents thus it has become a major threat to people' s life and property 注:1 They have heard the official reports that..官方报告表明..2 be more likely to更有可能,更容易3. chance可能 There is some truth in both arguments, but human s life and property outweighs anything else. If smoking brings us illness and death, why not have it banned by the govemment? Without cigarettes, can't we come up with better ways to express our friendship and to make us refreshed?注:1. outweigh比…重要,同样的表达: be superior to/be inferior to。 overweight超重2.最后用两句反问句结尾,非常精妙 课后作业 Private Cars 写成4段的首段写法 O In recent years, with fast economic growth, private cars have appeared in many families in China. People' s attitud toward private cars varies widely With the increase in the general standard of living, some ordinary Chinese families begin to afford a private car. Yet, rson to person/ public attitude toward it varies greatly./ is guite of the
human life to such a degree that their minds might be corrupted. In summary, television has both advantages and disadvantages. Whatever effects it has, one thing is certain, television in itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses to which it is put that determines its value to society. 范文5. Travelling People who like travelling have their reasons. They maintain that travelling can help them expand their scope of knowledge, especially geographical and historical learning. They go on to point out that touring will provide more chance for them to enjoy food and try on clothes that they otherwise cannot possible have. 注：geographical and historical 押尾韵，如：押头韵 clear & clean Those who dislike travelling have their reasons. They would argue that travelling means a considerable amount of money and energy. For example, traffic and accommodation require money and walking while seeing sights often tires you. In practice, travelling does more good than harm. If your finance and health permit, you might as well do some travelling from time to time. It will at least enable you to get familiar with people and things that you will probably grow to like and love. 注：1. in practice = I think 2. does more good than harm 好处比坏处多，其他表达方法：be superior to/ inferior to 比如：the advantages are superior to the disadvantages 3. enable 使 范文1. Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET). Some people argue that it is absolutely necessary to hold a test of spoken English in China because we have been informed frequently that a Chinese student who has been learning English for over ten years cannot even communicate with a native speaker. Sometimes even those top students who excel in grammar and writing skills find their English inadequate to express their thoughts freely. A test of English will bring the college students an awareness of the importance of oral English, and will thus help them with their communicating skills. 使句子具有表现力的手段：1、用形容词修饰名词；2、副词修饰动词、副词修饰形容词 On the other hand, some others still maintain that a good command of reading and writing skills will be enough for the English learners. To some extent their opinion derives from the fact that students are already under considerable pressure from their opinion derives from the fact that students are already under considerable pressure from their coursework. Another required test will only add to their burden. Moreover, some students may take the shortcut by focusing on several guessed questions according to the fixed format of the test, hoping for a coincidence to bring them good luck. In my opinion, a test of spoken English will do more good than harm. Since China will continue its policy of opening and reform, the ability to speak English fluently is a must for anyone who wants to surpass others in a highly competitive society. Whether I take the test or not, I shall spare no efforts to practice oral English in the remaining years of my college study. 范文21. Should smoking be banned? Should smoking be banned? Answers to this question vary greatly. Some people are in favor of the idea of smoking. They always say that it can get rid of the tiredness and make them refreshed. And they also say that giving and being given cigarettes is a sign of friendship. Therefore, they carry cigarettes with them wherever they go. 注：1. vary greatly 许多种2. be in favor of = agree/ be of the opinion that 3. get rid of the tiredness and make them refreshed 使人神清气爽 4. Giving and being given 给与被给。主、被动关系在英文中用现在、过去分词表达。 But other people consider it very harmful to people’s health. They have heard the official reports that one person in the world dies from smoking every second. And they have heard the doctor’s warning that smokers are more likely to have lung cancer and to increase their chances of having heart attack. In addition, smoking pollutes the air and may cause fire accidents. Thus it has become a major threat to people’s life and property. 注：1.They have heard the official reports that ... 官方报告表明.. 2. be more likely to 更有可能，更容易3. chance 可能 There is some truth in both arguments, but human’s life and property outweighs anything else. If smoking brings us illness and death, why not have it banned by the government? Without cigarettes, can’t we come up with better ways to express our friendship and to make us refreshed?注：1. outweigh 比……重要，同样的表达：be superior to/ be inferior to。overweight 超重2. 最后用两句反问句结尾，非常精妙。 课后作业 Private Cars 写成4段的首段写法： ① In recent years, with fast economic growth, private cars have appeared in many families in China. People's attitude toward private cars varies widely. ② With the increase in the general standard of living, some ordinary Chinese families begin to afford a private car. Yet, people's opinions of private cars vary from person to person/ public attitude toward it varies greatly/ widely./ is quite of the
contrary! differs sharply 3 In recent few years, the phenomenon/ issue/ problem of owning a private car has been brought to public attention/ in the limelight. People' s views on/opinions of owing a private car vary widely 写成3段的首段写法 With the development of moden society/ science and technology, /With the improvement of people' s living standard more and more people can own private cars cars are entering ordinary families the growing number of people/ people in ever increasing numbers can have access to private cars.(此句是引言) 支持段的主题句: ome people claim that/ As is pointed out that/ It is generally believed that/ it is widely accepted that there are some dvantages of owning a private car. There is no doubt that private cars benefit people hugely 支持段的分论点: O il First, private cars provide people with the most convenient form of transportation 2 Afid Second, it is comfortable for people to travel in, especially in changeable weather/raining days/sand storm B *M Third, only a private car can show a person's social status/ achievement/ success/ prosperity in his or her caree 否定段的主题句:① However( Nonetheless/ Nevertheless//Bu, there are some disadvantages of owing a private car Every coin has two sides 2 While enjoying the convenience that private cars bring us, we should not ignore the problem they creat introduce/make 3 Despite/ In spite of/ For all the advantages, they brings their own disadvantages/problems/negative effects 4 Like anything else, private cars also have their own weakness/limits However, private cars are not without shortcomings/faults e Yet other speak of the problems private cars have brought. They complain that O However, private cars may also bring with it problems our society had not previously faced 8 Despite the increase in efficiency and convenience generated by private cars, the changes they bring could very well lead to potentially adverse consequences 否定段的分论点: ①占有空间 on the one hand, private cars take up/ occupy too much space ②交通事故 On the other hand, a driver should be careful/ cautious while driving, otherwise, car accidents are mo likely to happen ③污染环境 What's more/ln addition, private cars give off/discharge/ release co which pollute the environment/air 注意:所谓上义词是指抽象、概括和笼统的,就是比较 superordinate的词:而下义词就是具体的东西,即 subordinate的东西。 第四段(总结段)的写法 O Despite all the disadvantages mentioned above, I still think that the advantages outweigh/ are greater than the disadvantages. As for the above problem, I'm sure they will be settled by the scientists in the future/ It is only a matter of time for the problems to be solved 2 Unquestionably, the challenge of private cars means we all should consider how we can control them, so that they will not control us B Whether the private cars are a blessing or a curse is a difficult question to answer, yet the desire for the comfort and dependence a private car can bring will not be elminated 4 Anyway/ Anyhow/ In any case, whether the effect is good or bad, one thing is certain private cars have changed and will continue to change the way of our transportation, our leisure and our life 选择题型变体逻辑结构( My View on Sth 选择性观点的变体的文章写作逻辑结构: Paragraph:(1)引出将要评论的事物或者是观点:(2)简明扼要的提出人们在这个问题上的两种不同看法 Paragraph Il:(1)提出作者观点(本文主题句) (2)举例加以论证 Paragraph‖:(1)总结全文(再次强调作者观点) 范文17 My View on Fate There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the view of fate. Some people believe that everyone is born to a certain that he can not change, while some other people think that every man is the master of his own life 注:1. consensus相同意见
contrary./ differs sharply. ③ In recent few years, the phenomenon/ issue/ problem of owning a private car has been brought to public attention/ in the limelight. People's views on/ opinions of owing a private car vary widely. 写成3段的首段写法： With the development of modern society/ science and technology, / With the improvement of people's living standard, more and more people can own private cars. cars are entering ordinary families. the growing number of people/ people in ever increasing numbers can have access to private cars.(此句是引言) 支持段的主题句： Some people claim that/ As is pointed out that/ It is generally believed that/ It is widely accepted that, there are some advantages of owning a private car. There is no doubt that private cars benefit people hugely. 支持段的分论点： ① 方便 First, private cars provide people with the most convenient form of transportation. ② 舒适 Second, it is comfortable for people to travel in, especially in changeable weather/ raining days/ sand storm . ③ 炫耀 Third, only a private car can show a person's social status/ achievement/ success/ prosperity in his or her career. 否定段的主题句：① However (Nonetheless/ Nevertheless/ But), there are some disadvantages of owing a private car/ Every coin has two sides. ② While enjoying the convenience that private cars bring us, we should not ignore the problem they create/ produce/ introduce/ make. ③ Despite/ In spite of/ For all the advantages, they brings their own disadvantages/ problems/ negative effects ④ Like anything else, private cars also have their own weakness/ limits. ⑤ However, private cars are not without shortcomings/ faults. ⑥ Yet other speak of the problems private cars have brought. They complain that...... ⑦ However, private cars may also bring with it problems our society had not previously faced. ⑧ Despite the increase in efficiency and convenience generated by private cars, the changes they bring could very well lead to potentially adverse consequences. 否定段的分论点： ① 占有空间 On the one hand, private cars take up/ occupy too much space. ② 交通事故 On the other hand, a driver should be careful/ cautious while driving, otherwise, car accidents are more likely to happen. ③ 污染环境 What's more/In addition, private cars give off/ discharge/ release CO which pollute the environment/ air. 注意：所谓上义词是指抽象、概括和笼统的，就是比较superordinate的词；而下义词就是具体的东西，即subordinate的东西。 第四段（总结段）的写法： ① Despite all the disadvantages mentioned above, I still think that the advantages outweigh/ are greater than the disadvantages. As for the above problem, I'm sure they will be settled by the scientists in the future/ It is only a matter of time for the problems to be solved. ② Unquestionably, the challenge of private cars means we all should consider how we can control them, so that they will not control us. ③ Whether the private cars are a blessing or a curse is a difficult question to answer, yet the desire for the comfort and independence a private car can bring will not be elminated. ④ Anyway/ Anyhow/ In any case, whether the effect is good or bad, one thing is certain: private cars have changed and will continue to change the way of our transportation, our leisure and our life. 选择题型变体逻辑结构（My View on Sth.） 选择性观点的变体的文章写作逻辑结构： Paragraph I:（1）引出将要评论的事物或者是观点； （2）简明扼要的提出人们在这个问题上的两种不同看法。 Paragraph II:（1）提出作者观点（本文主题句）； （2）举例加以论证。 Paragraph III:（1）总结全文（再次强调作者观点） 范文17. My View on Fate There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the view of fate. Some people believe that everyone is born to a certain that he can not change, while some other people think that every man is the master of his own life. 注：1. consensus 相同意见
2.第一句话可以套用,如范文18: There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the view of wealth 3.whle轻微转折和对比,强转折用词but, however 4. master主人 As far as I am concemed, I agree with the latter opinion. There is a saying, " Everyone is the architect of his own future. " Which one' s fate is decided in his own hands In fact. no one is destined to a certain fate in his or her life We must depend on ourselves to changes our lives and make us successful and happr er strength and ability they have 注:1.第一句 as far as与 I agree重复,把后半句改为 the latter opinion seems more reasonable. 2. architect建筑师, archor弓箭手 3. In fact前后是转折关系,之前从正面阐述,之后从反面阐述 范文17 My view on Fate(续 Let's take Helen Keller, an extraordinary American woman, for example. When she was only 19 months old, she became blind and deaf. Instead of accepting her misfortune helplessly, she showed great courage and unconquerable spinit in fighting against her destined fate and was awarded the Presidents Medal of Freedom in 1964 because of the achievements she had made for helping the blind, the deaf and the speechless. This story tells us that a wise man is always creating his own fate rather than waiting for good luck. 主:1.本段开始举例 2. Lets take…… for example中间是插入语,表示强调,举例不宜太长 In conclusion, I believe that everyone is bom equal and is the builder of his own fate We can have good fortune only if we take pains and work hard. We should bear the following saying in mind, "Every man is the master of his own fate 主: bear sth. in mind:把……牢记在心 范文13. The Way to Success A-E: Strong will, perseverance and diligence are the three essentials of success. a man of strong will and perseverance always has an inflexible spirit. He sticks to his cause no matter how tough it might be. Dr Sun Yat-sen was such a man. Many of his attempts failed, but he held to his purpose with fimness and finally succeeded in overthrowing the Qing Dynasty. Diligence means steadiness in one' s work and study Su Qin stabbed himself in order to keep attentive to studies. Marx often worked 15 hours a day. Life is short and we have many things to do. Wthout diligence no one can II、社会热点话题写作逻辑结构 Paragraph1:(1)概括性的引出要评论的事物或观点( general) (2)具体描述这个事物或者观点(或者是我对这个现象/事物的基本看法 specific) Paragraph2:(1)作者对该现象货问题的基本看法,即文章的论点句 支持性的细节分论点(至少两点) (3)本段总结(可以省略)。 Paragraph3:(1)总结全文,定下结论(通常为我的对策或看法)。 四级作文试题2000年1月 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How I Finance my College Education. You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below 1.上大学的费用( tuition and fees)可以通过多多种途径解决 2.哪种途径适合我(说明理由) How I Finance My College Education How I Finance My College Education 第一段:首先,应该是用一种描述性的语言引出讨论的重点 Nowadays/At present/ Currently/ These days/ Today, tuitions and fees for college students are imore expensive l much higher than ever before. How to finance my college education has become a matter of concern 第二段:有多种的方法,例如:1向父母;2银行贷款3打工挣钱 第二段主题句: There are many ways to support my college education financially/ Ways to support my university study financially vary greatlv/are various 第二段分写: In the first place, I can get/ gain/obtain all the money from my parents In the second place, I can apply for/ ask for a bank loan, especially set up/ established for college students/ undergraduates What's more, I can find a part time job to eam enough money
2. 第一句话可以套用，如范文18：There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the view of wealth. 3. while 轻微转折和对比，强转折用词but, however 4. master 主人 As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion. There is a saying, “Everyone is the architect of his own future.” Which means one’s fate is decided in his own hands. In fact, no one is destined to a certain fate in his or her life. Those who claim that they were born to fail or be unlucky just can’t realize how much inner strength and ability they have. We must depend on ourselves to changes our lives and make us successful and happy. 注：1. 第一句as far as与I agree重复，把后半句改为the latter opinion seems more reasonable。 2. architect 建筑师，archor 弓箭手 3. In fact 前后是转折关系，之前从正面阐述，之后从反面阐述 范文17. My View on Fate （续） Let’s take Helen Keller, an extraordinary American woman, for example. When she was only 19 months old, she became blind and deaf. Instead of accepting her misfortune helplessly, she showed great courage and unconquerable spirit in fighting against her destined fate and was awarded the President’s Medal of Freedom in 1964 because of the achievements she had made for helping the blind, the deaf and the speechless. This story tells us that a wise man is always creating his own fate rather than waiting for good luck. 注：1. 本段开始举例 2. Let's take……for example 中间是插入语，表示强调，举例不宜太长。 In conclusion, I believe that everyone is born equal and is the builder of his own fate We can have good fortune only if we take pains and work hard. We should bear the following saying in mind, “Every man is the master of his own fate.” 注：bear sth. in mind：把……牢记在心 范文13. The Way to Success 第二段：Strong will, perseverance and diligence are the three essentials of success. A man of strong will and perseverance always has an inflexible spirit. He sticks to his cause no matter how tough it might be. Dr. Sun Yat-sen was such a man. Many of his attempts failed, but he held to his purpose with firmness and finally succeeded in overthrowing the Qing Dynasty. Diligence means steadiness in one’s work and study. Su Qin stabbed himself in order to keep attentive to studies. Marx often worked 15 hours a day. Life is short and we have many things to do. Without diligence no one can achieve anything. II、社会热点话题写作逻辑结构 Paragraph 1: (1) 概括性的引出要评论的事物或观点（general）； (2) 具体描述这个事物或者观点（或者是我对这个现象/ 事物的基本看法specific）。 Paragraph 2: (1) 作者对该现象货问题的基本看法，即文章的论点句； (2) 支持性的细节分论点（至少两点）； (3) 本段总结（可以省略）。 Paragraph 3: (1) 总结全文，定下结论（通常为我的对策或看法）。 四级作文试题2000年1月 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How I Finance my College Education. You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1. 上大学的费用（tuition and fees）可以通过多多种途径解决。 2. 哪种途径适合我（说明理由）。 How I Finance My College Education How I Finance My College Education 第一段：首先，应该是用一种描述性的语言引出讨论的重点： Nowadays/ At present/ Currently/ These days/ Today, tuitions and fees for college students are 【more expensive】 much higher than ever before. How to finance my college education has become a matter of concern. 第二段：有多种的方法，例如：1.向父母; 2.银行贷款 3.打工挣钱 第二段主题句：There are many ways to support my college education financially./ Ways to support my university study financially vary greatly/ are various. 第二段分写： In the first place, I can get/ gain/ obtain all the money from my parents. In the second place, I can apply for/ ask for a bank loan, especially set up/ established for college students/ undergraduates. What’s more, I can find a part time job to earn enough money
第三段:我所赞同的方法(阐述原因,为何不选其他的方法) Personally/ As far as I'm concerned/ In my opinion/ From my point of view/ To my way of thinking/ As I see it, I prefer the bank loan for the following reasons For one thing, my parents are not rich enough to afford me For another, I will not have enough time and energy to study after finishing my part-time/ temporary/odd jobs In addition, I believe I can hunt a rewarding/ dream job after graduation, and then i will be able to pay off/ pay back/ return/ give back 使文章富有表现力的手段: 1、使用有难度的词汇 2、使用形容词修饰名词,用副词修饰动词或整个句子 3、使用被动语态: 4、使用倒装句:( not only. but also:ony.) 5、尽可能地使用名词,而不是习惯中的动词和形容词 绿化我们的城市 第一段 近年来,随着工商业的迅猛发展,许多大城市中树木的数量大幅度降低。人们作出各种努力防止树木被砍伐,但是,认 识到绿化城市也同样重要 普通版 Recently, with the development of businesses and industries, more and more trees have disappeared in big cities. We have tried our best to prevent people from cutting trees. But, it is important to realize to make our cities 润色版 In contemporary society, while our industries and businesses have experienced a(n) rapid/ fast/ amazing/ marked/ fantastic development, the number of trees in many large cities has declined/ decreased/ reduced sharply! dramatically, Althoug h remarkable efforts have been exerted to prevent more trees from being cut, the realization of making cities greener is still of great importance 注:区分 industry和 industrial 绿化我们的城市(续) 会带来很多好处。其一,绿化城市能够净化空气。科学研究已经证明树木通过吸收作用可以降低大气中碳化合 其二,它能够美化城市。到处是花草树木,我们会欣然地感到自己置身于美丽的花园中。最后,绿化城市能 够带来大量木材,这是解决自然资源短缺的有效办法。 普通版 ved, There are many advantages in making cities greener. First, it makes our air clean. Scientific research has proved that trees can reduce a great amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through absorption. Second, it adds to the beauty of our cities. With trees and flowers everywhere there is a pleasant feeling that we live in a beautiful garden and are closer to nature Finally, it will bring us a lot of timber. and this is an effective way to solve the problem of lack of natural resources 润色版 What benefits can the program of making ates greener bring to us? First, the air will be deaner Scientific experiments have already proved that trees can reduce air pollution by producing a lot of oxygen. This will improve the quality of the urban environment. Second, our cities will look more beautiful. Just imagine the city which is full of trees and flowers What an attractive garden it is! What's more, by making cities greener, we can provide our industry with timber the precious natural resources 绿化我们的城市(续) 第三段: 绿化城市需要全国人民共同努力,人们不仅要广泛认识到城市绿化对城市环境的贡献,还应该同心协力栽植更多的树木 保护它们不受商业使用的侵犯 普通版 Making cities greener requires people's efforts all over the country And people should not only realize that it is important to make cities greener for its contribution to urban environment, but also plant trees and protect them from being used in business 润色版
第三段：我所赞同的方法（阐述原因，为何不选其他的方法）。 Personally/ As far as I’m concerned/ In my opinion/ From my point of view/ To my way of thinking/ As I see it, I prefer the bank loan for the following reasons. For one thing, my parents are not rich enough to afford me. For another, I will not have enough time and energy to study after finishing my part-time/ temporary/ odd jobs. In addition, I believe I can hunt a rewarding/ dream job after graduation, and then I will be able to pay off/ pay back/ return/ give back. Therefore /So /Hence,..... 使文章富有表现力的手段： 1、使用有难度的词汇； 2、使用形容词修饰名词，用副词修饰动词或整个句子； 3、使用被动语态； 4、使用倒装句；(not only... but also...；only...) 5、尽可能地使用名词，而不是习惯中的动词和形容词。 绿化我们的城市 第一段： 近年来，随着工商业的迅猛发展，许多大城市中树木的数量大幅度降低。人们作出各种努力防止树木被砍伐，但是，认 识到绿化城市也同样重要。 普通版 Recently, with the development of businesses and industries, more and more trees have disappeared in big cities. We have tried our best to prevent people from cutting trees. But, it is important to realize to make our cities green. 润色版 In contemporary society, while our industries and businesses have experienced a(n) rapid/ fast/ amazing/ marked/ fantastic development, the number of trees in many large cities has declined/ decreased/ reduced sharply/ dramatically. Although remarkable efforts have been exerted to prevent more trees from being cut, the realization of making cities greener is still of great importance. 注：区分industry 和 industrial 绿化我们的城市（续） 第二段： 绿化城市会带来很多好处。其一，绿化城市能够净化空气。科学研究已经证明树木通过吸收作用可以降低大气中碳化合 物的含量。其二，它能够美化城市。到处是花草树木，我们会欣然地感到自己置身于美丽的花园中。最后，绿化城市能 够带来大量木材，这是解决自然资源短缺的有效办法。 普通版 There are many advantages in making cities greener. First, it makes our air clean. Scientific research has proved that trees can reduce a great amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through absorption. Second, it adds to the beauty of our cities. With trees and flowers everywhere, there is a pleasant feeling that we live in a beautiful garden and are closer to nature. Finally, it will bring us a lot of timber. And this is an effective way to solve the problem of lack of natural resources. 润色版 What benefits can the program of making cities greener bring to us? First, the air will be cleaner. Scientific experiments have already proved that trees can reduce air pollution by producing a lot of oxygen. This will improve the quality of the urban environment. Second, our cities will look more beautiful. Just imagine the city which is full of trees and flowers. What an attractive garden it is! What’s more, by making cities greener, we can provide our industry with timber the precious natural resources. 绿化我们的城市（续） 第三段： 绿化城市需要全国人民共同努力，人们不仅要广泛认识到城市绿化对城市环境的贡献，还应该同心协力栽植更多的树木 并保护它们不受商业使用的侵犯。 普通版 Making cities greener requires people’s efforts all over the country. And people should not only realize that it is important to make cities greener for its contribution to urban environment, but also plant trees and protect them from being used in business. 润色版
Making cities greener requires more than widespread awareness; it calls for an immediate commitment to planting more trees and growing more flowers (Making cities greener requires the whole nations efforts. And not only should most people gain the awareness of the significant contribution of making cities greener to urban environment, but also make a commitment to the protection of more trees against business. 句型变化 A (1)We can imagine the beautiful surroundings. ( 2) There are many trees along the streets. 3) There is a clean river in the city. (4)There are many fishes in the river. (5)There are willow trees on the one side. (6)There are some pieces of grassland on the other side. (7) There are many flowers on them B. (1)Just imagine the beautiful surroundings if we have made our cities greener. (2)Green trees line the streets. (3)A clean river winds through the city, in which a lot of fishes abound. (4)On the one side stand rows of willow trees. ( 5)On the other side lies a stretch of grassland sprinkled with many yellow and red flowers 1. There be 1)a. There are fewer and fewer citizens who like to see films b Films are now losing their appeal for many citizens. 2)a. There are many people who complain of severe housing shortages b Housing shortages become the source of great complaint. 1)a. If you compare the two methods carefully, you will find the difference b Careful comparison of the two methods will show you the difference 2)a. If we only apply book knowledge, we will not get good result. b. The application of book knowledge alone will not bring you good result 3)a. If there is no pollution, man can certainly survive b. Man can certainly survive in the world where there is no pollution 3. In order to 1)a. In order to prevent the problem becoming too serious to solve, we must take an immediate step b An immediate step must be taken before the problem becomes too serious to solve 2)a. In order to build a stable and prosperous nation, people should make new efforts b. New efforts will bring… 4. More and more 1)a More and more people now prefer to stay at home and watch TV. b People in ever increasing numbers prefer to stay at home and watch TV 2)a More and more people who become more and more rich can afford a motorcycle b The growing number of people who become increasingly rich can now afford a motorcycle 3)a More and more teenagers smoke cigarettes in recent years b Teenage smoking is on the rise/ increase/decrease/decline in recent years 4)a More and more teachers are needed with the development of economy b There is an increasing demand for teachers with the development of economy 5)a More and more trees have disappeared in the city b. There is a sharp decline in the number of trees in the city 社会热点话题 写作练习: Jobs for graduates 1) 大学生难找工作 2)原因很多 3)解决的办法 With the fantastic development of modem society, people in ever increasing numbers have access to tertiary education(高等教育). As a result, job-hunting is now becoming headache for most graduates Y0X23: Nowadays, college graduates come to realize that it is not easy to get a rewarding job. Most/ Many of them can not get a job right after graduation The job market for college students/ graduates is getting tighter and tighter. According to a survey, only 80% of college graduates of the class of 2002 found jobs the year they graduated, com pared with 95% in 2000. Why do college graduates find it increasingly difficult to get jobs? 第二段细节论证
Making cities greener requires more than widespread awareness; it calls for an immediate commitment to planting more trees and growing more flowers. (Making cities greener requires the whole nation’s efforts. And not only should most people gain the awareness of the significant contribution of making cities greener to urban environment, but also make a commitment to the protection of more trees against business.) 句型变化 A. (1) We can imagine the beautiful surroundings. (2) There are many trees along the streets. (3) There is a clean river in the city. (4) There are many fishes in the river. (5) There are willow trees on the one side. (6) There are some pieces of grassland on the other side. (7) There are many flowers on them. B. (1) Just imagine the beautiful surroundings if we have made our cities greener. (2) Green trees line the streets. (3) A clean river winds through the city, in which a lot of fishes abound. (4) On the one side stand rows of willow trees. (5) On the other side lies a stretch of grassland sprinkled with many yellow and red flowers. 1. There be... 1) a. There are fewer and fewer citizens who like to see films. b. Films are now losing their appeal for many citizens. 2) a. There are many people who complain of severe housing shortages. b. Housing shortages become the source of great complaint. 2. If 1) a. If you compare the two methods carefully, you will find the difference. b. Careful comparison of the two methods will show you the difference. 2) a. If we only apply book knowledge, we will not get good result. b. The application of book knowledge alone will not bring you good result. 3) a. If there is no pollution, man can certainly survive. b. Man can certainly survive in the world where there is no pollution. 3. In order to 1) a. In order to prevent the problem becoming too serious to solve, we must take an immediate step. b. An immediate step must be taken before the problem becomes too serious to solve. 2) a. In order to build a stable and prosperous nation, people should make new efforts. b. New efforts will bring ... 4. More and more 1) a. More and more people now prefer to stay at home and watch TV. b. People in ever increasing numbers prefer to stay at home and watch TV. 2) a. More and more people who become more and more rich can afford a motorcycle. b. The growing number of people who become increasingly rich can now afford a motorcycle. 3) a. More and more teenagers smoke cigarettes in recent years. b. Teenage smoking is on the rise/ increase/ decrease/ decline in recent years. 4) a. More and more teachers are needed with the development of economy. b. There is an increasing demand for teachers with the development of economy. 5) a. More and more trees have disappeared in the city. b. There is a sharp decline in the number of trees in the city. 社会热点话题 写作练习：Jobs for Graduates 1) 大学生难找工作 2) 原因很多 3) 解决的办法 With the fantastic development of modern society, people in ever increasing numbers have access to tertiary education （高等教育）. As a result, job-hunting is now becoming headache for most graduates. 范文23：Nowadays, college graduates come to realize that it is not easy to get a rewarding job. Most/ Many of them can not get a job right after graduation. The job market for college students/ graduates is getting tighter and tighter. According to a survey, only 80% of college graduates of the class of 2002 found jobs the year they graduated, com pared with 95% in 2000. Why do college graduates find it increasingly difficult to get jobs? 第二段细节论证 分析原因：
1, Among the most convincing/ important reasons given/ cited/ offered/ identified by people for this problem henomenon one should be stressed/ emphasized/mentioned 2, One may regard/see/ view/ think of the trend/ increase/ phenomenon as a sign of/ result of/ response to/ reaction 3, The increase/ change/ failure/ success in. mainly/ largely/ partly results from/ arises from is due to/ owing tol attributable to the fact that several factors the su Several years ago, many students were enrolled in/ admitted to/ taken in/ matriculated popular major, so that the supply is superior to/ outweigh/ exceeds the demand. Many graduates are reluctant to work in the remote areas westermprovincesldevelopina areasless developed country. Graduates without working experiences are now losing their appeal for many international cooperations, such as 国家制定法律法规 个人接受教育 III、图表题( table, bar graph, pie chart, line graph) 图表题的写作逻辑结构: Paragraph!:(1)概括描述图表:趋势描写 2)具体描述图表:必要数据支持(细节性) Paragraph:(1)提出自己理由和观点(本段主题句) (2)细节性分论点(主要是原因,用于支持自己的观点,至少两点) Paragraph:(1)预测未来和提出解决方法 (2)总结全文和表达作者自己观点 【标题】 Changes in People' s Diet Directions: Write a three-paragraph composition to: 1. State the changes in people' s diet in the past five years. 2. Give possible reasons for the changes 3. Draw your own conclusion You should quote as few figures as possible 【短文】 Changes in People's Diet In the past five years there have been many changes in people' s diet. Grain, as the main food of most Chinese, is now playing a less important role, while the proportion of some high-energy foods, such as milk and meat, has increased What has caused these changes? I think there are two reasons. First, people now have more money. The price of meat and milk is much higher than that of grain, so in the old days people couldnt afford them Now they have enough money to buy both meat and milk. Second, people nowadays pay more attention to the elements of their diet. They look for a well-balanced diet that will be good for their health In short, there have been changes in peoples diet in the past five years because of financial and health reasons, and there will be further changes in the future 【修改版】 s can be seen from the table, the past five years has witnessed dramatic changes in people' s diet. Grain, as the staple food of most Chinese, is now playing a less important role in their diet, while the consumption of high quality food such as meat, milk and fruit has greatly increased There are two factors leading to the change. For one thing people now enjoy a higher standard of living In the old days few families could afford meat and milk every day, which often meant a big chunk of the family income. But now people have enough money to taste a rich verity of foods. For another, people of today attach more attention nutrition. They are not merely content to fill the stomach. They are seeking the most reasonable diet which will do good to their health n a word, with people's standard of living getting higher and higher, changes in their diet will be more obvious and greate 图表题的适用句型 1. As we can see from the chart/ graph/table/ diagram 2. The chart/ graph shows/displays that 3. As can be shown in the table 4. The figures/statistics in the chart reflect/ show/reveal that 5. It is clear/ apparent from the chart/ table that V、谚语格言题逻辑结构
1、Among the most convincing/ important reasons given/ cited/ offered/ identified by people for this problem/ phenomenon, one should be stressed/ emphasized/ mentioned... 2、One may regard/ see/ view/ think of the trend/ increase/ phenomenon as a sign of/ result of/ response to/ reaction to ... 3、The increase/ change/ failure/ success in ... mainly/ largely/ partly results from/ arises from is due to/ owing to/ attributable to the fact that/ several factors ... Several years ago, many students were enrolled in/ admitted to/ taken in/ matriculated popular major, so that the supply is superior to/ outweigh/ exceeds the demand. Many graduates are reluctant to work in the remote areas/ western provinces/ developing areas/ less developed country. Graduates without working experiences are now losing their appeal for many international cooperations, such as ... 国家制定法律法规 个人接受教育 III、图表题（table, bar graph, pie chart, line graph） 图表题的写作逻辑结构： Paragraph I:（1）概括描述图表：趋势描写； （2）具体描述图表：必要数据支持（细节性）。 Paragraph II:（1）提出自己理由和观点（本段主题句）； （2）细节性分论点（主要是原因，用于支持自己的观点，至少两点）。 Paragraph III:（1）预测未来和提出解决方法； （2）总结全文和表达作者自己观点 【标题】Changes in People’s Diet Directions: Write a three-paragraph composition to: 1. State the changes in people’s diet in the past five years. 2. Give possible reasons for the changes. 3. Draw your own conclusion. You should quote as few figures as possible. 【短文】Changes in People’s Diet In the past five years there have been many changes in people’s diet. Grain, as the main food of most Chinese, is now playing a less important role, while the proportion of some high-energy foods, such as milk and meat, has increased. What has caused these changes? I think there are two reasons. First, people now have more money. The price of meat and milk is much higher than that of grain, so in the old days people couldn’t afford them. Now they have enough money to buy both meat and milk. Second, people nowadays pay more attention to the elements of their diet. They look for a well-balanced diet that will be good for their health. In short, there have been changes in people’s diet in the past five years because of financial and health reasons, and there will be further changes in the future 【修改版】 As can be seen from the table, the past five years has witnessed dramatic changes in people’s diet. Grain, as the staple food of most Chinese, is now playing a less important role in their diet, while the consumption of high quality food such as meat, milk and fruit has greatly increased. There are two factors leading to the change. For one thing, people now enjoy a higher standard of living. In the old days few families could afford meat and milk every day, which often meant a big chunk of the family income. But now people have enough money to taste a rich verity of foods. For another, people of today attach more attention to nutrition. They are not merely content to fill the stomach. They are seeking the most reasonable diet which will do good to their health. In a word, with people’s standard of living getting higher and higher, changes in their diet will be more obvious and greater. 图表题的适用句型： 1. As we can see from the chart/ graph/ table/ diagram, ... 2. The chart/ graph shows/ displays that ... 3. As can be shown in the table ..., 4. The figures/ statistics in the chart reflect/ show/ reveal that ..., 5. It is clear/ apparent from the chart/ table that ... V、谚语格言题逻辑结构
Paragraph I:(1)点明要阐释的谚语或名言( general (2)用自己的话解释这一谚语或名言的意思,有时有正反两面的逻( specific)。 Paragraph:(1)作者对该谚语或名言的观点态度,即文章的论点句 (2)支持性的细节分论点,举例子论证(至少两点,有时有正反两面的逻辑) ParagraphⅢ:总结全文,定下结论(通常为阐明其现实或更深远意义) Practice Makes Perfect Practice is the key to success in all fields of activity. It is practice alone which enables us to build up speed and efficiency. When we accomplish something perfectl without wasting effort, this is the result of long practice 【改写为】△ n english proverb says/ One of the greatest men once remarked/ Nearly every civilization has its own equivalent to the proverb: "Practice makes perfect". It means that/ In other words, it is practice alone which enables us to build up speed and efficiency. When we accomplish something without wasting effort, this is the result of long Practice Makes Perfect(5) Take the study of English for example. Only practice can enable us to spell words correctly and master the rules of grammar. And it is only through practioe that we can become fluent in speaking and writing, there is no other way Another good example is sports. Practice is the only way to become stronger and run faster. Besides, in team games practice is what improves our sense of cooperation and helps the team to win 【改写为】 History LOur society abounds with the examples of" Practice makes perfect∵(正反两方面都举例子)on the other hand/ on the contrary, no practice will only lead us to failure. There is hardly/ scarcely a man who can achieve success without practice. All evidence points to/ justifies/ lends supports to the fact that practice is the key to success in all fields of activity 举例一般为:英语学习:体育锻炼 To sum up, there can be no achievement which is not based on a solid foundation of practice. 【改写为】 For us college students, the saving proverb has a profound and realistic significance: there can be no achievement which is not based on a solid foundation of practice 课后复习( self-study Program) 1、课堂讲解内容:体会用词艺术和丰富的句式 2、写作练习:2002年6月真题( Student Use of Computers) 3、记忆写作万能理由和基本表达 4、完型填空练习:完成 Passage1- Passage3 做题步骤 (1)通读全文,了解文章大意 (2)初选答案(排除法、优选法) (3)寻找线索 (4)回头补缺 (5)核实答案。 图表题:2002年6月考题 Topic: Student Use of Computers (at least 150 words) 上图所示为1990、1995、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况,请描述其变化 2、请说明发生这些变化的原因(可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明) 3、你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题 2002年6月的图表题作文 As is shown by the bar graph, the average number of hours a student in a certain university spends on the computer per week increased dramatically over the period from 1990 to 2000. In 1990, it was less than two hours And in 1995, it hit/ reach four hours. and in 2000, the number soared to (k Et) neady twenty hours, which is over ten times than that of 1990 注: soared to/boom/ shoot up/ rocket/ jump飞速上升
Paragraph I：（1）点明要阐释的谚语或名言（ general ）； （2）用自己的话解释这一谚语或名言的意思，有时有正反两面的逻（specific ）。 Paragraph II：（1）作者对该谚语或名言的观点态度，即文章的论点句； （2）支持性的细节分论点，举例子论证（至少两点，有时有正反两面的逻辑）； Paragraph III：总结全文，定下结论（通常为阐明其现实或更深远意义）。 Practice Makes Perfect Practice is the key to success in all fields of activity. It is practice alone which enables us to build up speed and efficiency. When we accomplish something perfectly without wasting effort, this is the result of long practice. 【改写为】An English proverb says/ One of the greatest men once remarked/ Nearly every civilization has its own equivalent to the proverb: "Practice makes perfect". It means that/ In other words, it is practice alone which enables us to build up speed and efficiency. When we accomplish something without wasting effort, this is the result of long practice. Practice Makes Perfect（续） Take the study of English for example. Only practice can enable us to spell words correctly and master the rules of grammar. And it is only through practice that we can become fluent in speaking and writing, there is no other way. Another good example is sports. Practice is the only way to become stronger and run faster. Besides, in team games practice is what improves our sense of cooperation and helps the team to win. 【改写为】History/ Our society abounds with the examples of "Practice makes perfect". ......（正反两方面都举例子）On the other hand/ On the contrary, no practice will only lead us to failure. There is hardly/ scarcely a man who can achieve success without practice. All evidence points to/ justifies/ lends supports to the fact that practice is the key to success in all fields of activity. 举例一般为：英语学习；体育锻炼 To sum up, there can be no achievement which is not based on a solid foundation of practice. 【改写为】For us college students, the saying/ proverb has a profound and realistic significance: there can be no achievement which is not based on a solid foundation of practice 课后复习（self-study Program） 1、课堂讲解内容：体会用词艺术和丰富的句式 2、写作练习：2002年6月真题（Student Use of Computers） 3、记忆写作万能理由和基本表达 4、完型填空练习：完成Passage 1--Passage 3 做题步骤： （1）通读全文，了解文章大意； （2）初选答案（排除法、优选法）； （3）寻找线索； （4）回头补缺； （5）核实答案。 图表题：2002年6月考题 Topic: Student Use of Computers (at least 150 words) 1、 上图所示为1990、1995、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化； 2、请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）； 3、你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。 2002年6月的图表题作文： As is shown by the bar graph, the average number of hours a student in a certain university spends on the computer per week increased dramatically over the period from 1990 to 2000. In 1990, it was less than two hours. And in 1995, it hit/ reach four hours. And in 2000, the number soared to（飞速上升） nearly twenty hours, which is over ten times than that of 1990. 注：soared to/ boom/ shoot up/ rocket/ jump 飞速上升
