Unit Five lifelong education Learning Objectives 1. First listen to and then talk about lifelong education 2. Read about why and how people pursue continuing education 3. Write about various ways of learning 4 Practice reading skills: contextual meaning 6. Learn and practice paragraph development by example 7. Learn to write an online program introduction 8. Visit Culture Salon about the concepts and practice of lifelong education Passage A Tongue-tied I. Pre-reading Tasks A Introductory Questions In what way do you usually learn English words? Do you often ask the native speakers to explain English words for you? 2. How do you understand the German proverb"Whoever cares to learn will always find a 3. Do you think to teach is also to learn? Why? B Introductory Remarks This is an amusing short story that illustrates how little people sometimes knows about their mother tongue. The narrator is a woman, the passenger in a taxi whose driver is a Pakistani man eager to learn English by asking his passengers about new words. Struggling to explain the meaning of a proverb and an idiom, she realizes how little she really knows about the vocabulary of her native language and also wonders what kind of answers other, probably equally ignorant, native passengers might give. In the end she is left hoping that the driver has a dictionary and that he will use it to teach himself rather than depend on the native speakers for explanations I. While-reading activities Points 1. rear a. of. at or located in the back The thief broke into the house through the rear window 2. peculiar a. unusual and strange, sometimes in an unpleasant way What She has the most peculiar ideas
1 Unit Five Lifelong Education Learning Objectives 1. First listen to and then talk about lifelong education 2. Read about why and how people pursue continuing education 3. Write about various ways of learning 4. Practice reading skills: contextual meaning 5. Practice translating skills: splitting 6. Learn and practice paragraph development by example 7. Learn to write an online program introduction 8. Visit Culture Salon about the concepts and practice of lifelong education Passage A Tongue-tied I. Pre-reading Tasks A. Introductory Questions 1. In what way do you usually learn English words? Do you often ask the native speakers to explain English words for you? 2. How do you understand the German proverb “Whoever cares to learn will always find a teacher”? 3. Do you think to teach is also to learn? Why? B. Introductory Remarks This is an amusing short story that illustrates how little people sometimes knows about their mother tongue. The narrator is a woman, the passenger in a taxi whose driver is a Pakistani man eager to learn English by asking his passengers about new words. Struggling to explain the meaning of a proverb and an idiom, she realizes how little she really knows about the vocabulary of her native language and also wonders what kind of answers other, probably equally ignorant, native passengers might give. In the end she is left hoping that the driver has a dictionary and that he will use it to teach himself rather than depend on the native speakers for explanations. II. While-reading Activities A. Language Points 1. rear a. of, at or located in the back Examples • The thief broke into the house through the rear window. • She doesn’t like sitting in the rear seat. 2. peculiar a. unusual and strange, sometimes in an unpleasant way Examples • What a peculiar smell! • She has the most peculiar ideas
3. resort 1)a strategy or course of action that may be adopted to resolve a difficult situation He took back the house, without resort to legal action I'm sorry you have resorted to deception 2)a place that is a popular destination for holidays or recreation In recent years this place has grown into a fashionable ski resort 4. resort to to use, adopt, a particular means to achieve one's ends E: Terrorists resorted to bombing city centers as a means of achieving their political aims We are prepared to resort to force if negotiation failed 5. jot v. to make a quick short note Examples Could you jot ( down) your address and phone number in my address book? Professor Smith advised that we always carry a pen and a notebook with us for jotting (down)our ide 6.. hint. a slight indication of a fact wish, etc. Exampl Didnt she even give you a hint where she was going? The lady coughed politely as the man lit his cigarette, but he didn ' t take the hint 7. confuse v. to mix up(someone's mind or ideas), or to make (something) difficult to understand Examples I was so confused in today's history lesson -I didnt understand a thing You're confusing the little boy! Tell him slowly and one thing at a time 8. confuse with to mix things up mentally You're confusing me with my sister it was her who was sick last week. 9. puzzle v. to cause(someone) to feel confused and slightly worried because they cannot understand something Example Were still puzzled about how the accident could have happened The students sat with puzzled looks on their faces as their lecturer tried to explain the 10. vague a D)not clearly described or expressed The patient complained of vague pains and backache 2) not clear in shape or not clearly seen Through the mist I could just make out a vague figure 3)(of a person)not able to think clearly, or, not expressing one's opinions clearly
2 3. resort n. 1) a strategy or course of action that may be adopted to resolve a difficult situation. Example • He took back the house, without resort to legal action. • I'm sorry you have resorted to deception. 2) a place that is a popular destination for holidays or recreation Example • In recent years this place has grown into a fashionable ski resort. 4. resort to to use, adopt, a particular means to achieve one’s ends Examples • Terrorists resorted to bombing city centers as a means of achieving their political aims. • We are prepared to resort to force if negotiation failed. 5. jot v. to make a quick short note Examples • Could you jot (down) your address and phone number in my address book? • Professor Smith advised that we always carry a pen and a notebook with us for jotting (down) our ideas. 6.. hintn. a slight indication of a fact, wish, etc. Examples • Didn’t she even give you a hint where she was going? • The lady coughed politely as the man lit his cigarette, but he didn’t take the hint. 7. confuse v. to mix up (someone’s mind or ideas), or to make (something) difficult to understand Examples • I was so confused in today’s history lesson ― I didn’t understand a thing! • You’re confusing the little boy! Tell him slowly and one thing at a time. 8. confuse with to mix things up mentally Example • You’re confusing me with my sister ― it was her who was sick last week. 9. puzzle v. to cause (someone) to feel confused and slightly worried because they cannot understand something Examples • We’re still puzzled about how the accident could have happened. • The students sat with puzzled looks on their faces as their lecturer tried to explain the theory. 10. vague a. 1) not clearly described or expressed Example • The patient complained of vague pains and backache. 2) not clear in shape, or not clearly seen Example • Through the mist I could just make out a vague figure. 3) (of a person) not able to think clearly, or, not expressing one’s opinions clearly
Example My aunt is incredibly vague- she can never remember where she's left things Il rack v. to cause physical or mental pain or trouble to Even at the end, when cancer racked his body, he was calm and cheerful rack one' s rain: to think very hard I've racked my brains all day but I still can't work out a plan. 12. qualify v. to (cause to)reach a necessary standard Chris has just qualified as a doctor Anns disappointed that she hasn ' t gualified for the next round in the tennis competition qualification n 1)an official record that a person has achieved the necessary standard of knowledge or skill in a subject, usually after studying or training and passing an exam You ll never get this job if you don t have any gualifications in science 2) an ability, characteristic or experience that makes you suitable for a particular job or activity Some nursing experience is a necessary qualification for this job 13. mislead v. to lead in a wrong way The wrong record of the patient misled the doctors in their probe for the cause of his Advertisements may mislead consumers into buying things that they don' t need v.suppose to be the case, without proo Do you assume that such information has significant effects on stock market? We can't assume the suspects to be guilty simply because theyve decided to remain assumption n. a thing that is accepted as true or as certain to happen without proof On the assumption that oil price would go up, some gasoline stations started to increase conclusion A reasonable conclusion could be drawn based on some valid assumptions 15. retreat v. to move back Attacks by enemy aircraft forced the tanks to retreat from the city The writer retreated to a place in the mountains to put his thoughts on paper 16. enthrall v. to hold the complete attention and interest of someone as if by magic Example
3 Example • My aunt is incredibly vague ― she can never remember where she’s left things. 11. rack v. to cause physical or mental pain or trouble to Example • Even at the end, when cancer racked his body, he was calm and cheerful. ---rack one’s rain : to think very hard Example • I’ve racked my brains all day but I still can’t work out a plan. 12. qualify v. to (cause to) reach a necessary standard Examples • Chris has just qualified as a doctor. • Ann’s disappointed that she hasn’t qualified for the next round in the tennis competition. ---qualification n. 1) an official record that a person has achieved the necessary standard of knowledge or skill in a subject, usually after studying or training and passing an exam Example • You’ll never get this job if you don’t have any qualifications in science. 2) an ability, characteristic or experience that makes you suitable for a particular job or activity Example • Some nursing experience is a necessary qualification for this job. 13. mislead v. to lead in a wrong way Examples • The wrong record of the patient misled the doctors in their probe for the cause of his disease. • Advertisements may mislead consumers into buying things that they don’t need. 14. assume v. suppose to be the case, without proof Examples • Do you assume that such information has significant effects on stock market? • We can’t assume the suspects to be guilty simply because they’ve decided to remain silent. assumption n. a thing that is accepted as true or as certain to happen without proof Example • On the assumption that oil price would go up, some gasoline stations started to increase their stock. Cf. conclusion A reasonable conclusion could be drawn based on some valid assumptions. 15. retreat v. to move back Examples • Attacks by enemy aircraft forced the tanks to retreat from the city. • The writer retreated to a place in the mountains to put his thoughts on paper. 16. enthrall v. to hold the complete attention and interest of someone as if by magic Examples
The World Cup completely enthralled people all over the world The audience was enthralled for two hours by a sparkling dramatic performance 17. indulge v. to allow(a person, oneself) to satisfy his or one's desires Occasionally the busy scientist would indulge his passion for fishing His wife indulged him with break fast in bed indulge in allow oneself the pleasure of Example She occasionally indulges in the luxury of a good chocolate bar 18. fraud I. a person or thing that is not what is claimed to be John told everyone he was a well-known musician, but we know he was only a fraud The picture, which was claimed to be a real Picasso, turned out to be a fraud 19 commit v. to do (something illegal or considered wrong Strict measures will be taken in the public places to give criminals less opportunity to mit the Police officers arrested a 22-year-old mechanic on suspicion of committing an attempted murder on oct 22 20. haste n. (too much) speed nfortunately the report was prepared in haste and contained several inaccuracies Marry in haste, repent at leisure Haste makes waste When we do things too quickly we are likely to end up with poor, useless and sometimes ostly results. B Sentence explanation 1. He looked confused a reminder that clever's not clever if it doesnt communicate. He looked confused, and his puzzled look reminded me that my answer was not clever at all because it couldnt be understood 2.... so enthralled by the chance to indulge my curiosity about words with another curious soul, that I didnt fully grasp the potential for linguistic fraud committed in this mans ('d been) so absorbed in the chance to satisfy the mans curiosity with my(poor) knowledge of English that I didnt fully realize how misleading and confusing my and other native 3. And that he figures out that, no matter what his passengers may say, haste doesnt always make waste at the gapers block. And that he finds out that, no matter what his passengers may say, things may not mean as they say.( Surface meaning: When other people gather to watch what's happened, you should waste no time and leave in a hurry. In other words, haste doesn t lead to waste of time in this
4 • The World Cup completely enthralled people all over the world. • The audience was enthralled for two hours by a sparkling dramatic performance. 17. indulge v. to allow (a person, oneself) to satisfy his or one’s desires Examples • Occasionally the busy scientist would indulge his passion for fishing. • His wife indulged him with breakfast in bed. ---indulge in ：allow oneself the pleasure of Example • She occasionally indulges in the luxury of a good chocolate bar. 18. fraud n. a person or thing that is not what is claimed to be Examples • John told everyone he was a well-known musician, but we know he was only a fraud. • The picture, which was claimed to be a real Picasso, turned out to be a fraud. 19. commit v. to do (something illegal or considered wrong) Examples • Strict measures will be taken in the public places to give criminals less opportunity to commit the crime. • Police officers arrested a 22-year-old mechanic on suspicion of committing an attempted murder on Oct. 22. 20. haste n. (too much) speed Examples • Unfortunately the report was prepared in haste and contained several inaccuracies. • Marry in haste, repent at leisure. Cf. Haste makes waste. ---When we do things too quickly we are likely to end up with poor, useless and sometimes costly results. B. Sentence Explanation 1. He looked confused, a reminder that clever’s not clever if it doesn’t communicate. He looked confused, and his puzzled look reminded me that my answer was not clever at all because it couldn’t be understood. 2. …so enthralled by the chance to indulge my curiosity about words with another curious soul, that I didn’t fully grasp the potential for linguistic fraud committed in this man’s cab. …(I’d been) so absorbed in the chance to satisfy the man’s curiosity with my (poor) knowledge of English that I didn’t fully realize how misleading and confusing my and other native speakers’ interpretations might be. 3. And that he figures out that, no matter what his passengers may say, haste doesn’t always make waste at the gapers block. And that he finds out that, no matter what his passengers may say, things may not mean as they say. (Surface meaning: When other people gather to watch what’s happened, you should waste no time and leave in a hurry. In other words, haste doesn’t lead to waste of time in this
IIL. After-reading Tasks: 1. Do some exercises after the text 2. Dictation 3. Practice making sentences with the important words or expressions Passageb Returning to college I. Pre-reading tasks A. Introductory Questions 1. For what purpose(s) would an adult return to college? 4 2. Do you think most of the college students appreciate their college life? Introductory Remark In this passage, the writer, a newspaper columnist and TV commentator, praises the idea of education for educations sake and regrets the fact that most college students, motivated only by the idea of future professional success, do not realize what a wonderful opportunity they are missing. While at college and not burdened by the responsibilities that will come later in life, they focus their attention only on those courses that they think will help make them rich. The author himself would like to go right back to being a freshman and study philosophy, calculus, literature history and grammar. He does recognize that if he were studying for knowledge and not for earning grades, education would probably become less stressful and more fun I while-reading activities A Language points 1. inclination n. a preference or tendency Ive no inclination to follow my mother into accountancy Their initial inclination was to build the plant in India but then decided to put it up in -incline v. to tend in feeling, thought habit, ete I incline to believe his innocence inclined a. having a tendency Shes more inclined than most people to help out when you ask her 2. pick up I)to start again after an interruption Example After China's entry into WTO, many Chinese picked up English in their 40s or older 2)to take hold of and raise
5 case) III. After-reading Tasks: 1. Do some exercises after the text. 2. Dictation. 3. Practice making sentences with the important words or expressions. Passage B Returning to College I. Pre-reading Tasks A. Introductory Questions 1. For what purpose(s) would an adult return to college? 2. Do you think most of the college students appreciate their college life? B. Introductory Remarks In this passage, the writer , a newspaper columnist and TV commentator, praises the idea of education for education’s sake and regrets the fact that most college students, motivated only by the idea of future professional success, do not realize what a wonderful opportunity they are missing. While at college and not burdened by the responsibilities that will come later in life, they focus their attention only on those courses that they think will help make them rich. The author himself would like to go right back to being a freshman and study philosophy, calculus, literature, history and grammar. He does recognize that if he were studying for knowledge and not for earning grades, education would probably become less stressful and more fun. II. While-reading Activities A. Language Points 1. inclination n. a preference or tendency Examples • I’ve no inclination to follow my mother into accountancy. • Their initial inclination was to build the plant in India but then decided to put it up in China. ---incline v. to tend in feeling, thought, habit, etc. Example • I incline to believe his innocence. ---inclined a. having a tendency Example • She’s more inclined than most people to help out when you ask her. 2. pick up 1) to start again after an interruption Example • After China’s entry into WTO, many Chinese picked up English in their 40s or older. 2) to take hold of and raise
Example She opened the door, picked up a letter on the floor and started reading it 3to collect, take on board I'll pick you up at 6 outside the gate 3. leave off: to stop, cease The rain left off after a whole week of pouring Ted left off talking about his adventure 4. appeal (to) 1) to please, attract, or interest What appeals to me about his painting is the colors he uses It's a program designed to appeal mainly to 16 to 25 year olds 2) I. interest, attraction Men worry about going bald because they think they will lose their sex appeal The films directed by Spielberg have a wide appea I)to reach, gain access to Example a sensible man keeps his savings in the bank not in the house where a thief can uet at them 2)to suggest, in an indirect way I dont know what you're getting at exactly, but if you want to borrow money from e you ve found a wrong person 6. ready-made: something in a finished form or is available to use immediately ide frozen meals sell well in the supermarket When she married Giles, she acquired a ready-made family two teenage sons and a 7. gourmet n. 1)a person who knows a lot about food and cooking, and who enjoys eating high-quality Example Our specialty foods will appeal particularly to the gourmet 2)(as a modifier) something for a gourmet If you want to have a gourmet meal, you don't go to a fast-food restaurant 8. deny v to declare untrue; refuse to accept as fact E The three defendants deny all charges
6 Example • She opened the door, picked up a letter on the floor and started reading it. 3) to collect, take on board Example • I’ll pick you up at 6 outside the gate. 3. leave off : to stop, cease Example • The rain left off after a whole week of pouring. • Ted left off talking about his adventure. 4. appeal (to) 1) v. to please, attract, or interest Examples • What appeals to me about his painting is the colors he uses. • It’s a program designed to appeal mainly to 16 to 25 year olds. 2) n. interest, attraction Examples • Men worry about going bald because they think they will lose their sex appeal. • The films directed by Spielberg have a wide appeal. 5. get at 1) to reach, gain access to Example • A sensible man keeps his savings in the bank — not in the house where a thief can get at them. 2) to suggest, in an indirect way Example • I don’t know what you’re getting at exactly, but if you want to borrow money from me you’ve found a wrong person. 6. ready-made : something in a finished form or is available to use immediately Examples • Ready-made frozen meals sell well in the supermarket. • When she married Giles, she acquired a ready-made family ― two teenage sons and a daughter. 7. gourmet n. 1) a person who knows a lot about food and cooking, and who enjoys eating high-quality food Example • Our specialty foods will appeal particularly to the gourmet. 2) (as a modifier) something for a gourmet Example • If you want to have a gourmet meal, you don’t go to a fast-food restaurant. 8. deny v. to declare untrue; refuse to accept as fact Examples • The three defendants deny all charges
Neil denies breaking the window, but I'm sure he did here sno denying. It’ s true. There's no denying that this has been a difficult year for the company 9. stink 1)to be extremely bad or unpleasant Example His acting stinks, but he looks good, so he's offered lots of movie roles 2) to smell very unpleasant Example The morning after the party, the whole house stank of beer and cigarettes 10. make a buck to earn some money Examples The eldest son had to make a buck to support the family Dont expect to make an easy buck; everything is earned in a hard way 11. go with: to accompany; to be part of Exampl The younger children stayed with their uncle while the older sons went with their parents to Spa Crime does not necessarily go with poverty; criminals with wealth are not unc 12. bet v I)to risk (a sum of money)on the unknown result of an event She bet f500 000 on the horse which came in second I bet you $25 that I'lI get there before you 2) to state confidently (what will happen or has happened) I bet(that)he wont come You bet Certainly. Example Are you coming to the party?“ You bet.” 13. break one’ s back 1)to work very hard or too hard; make every possible effort Before the final exam, Frank broke his back over mathematics 2)to make life difficult or impossible for Example These new taxes will break the back of the working poor 14. conceit n. to work very hard or too hard; make every possible effort Example The young man was puffed up with conceit
7 • Neil denies breaking the window, but I’m sure he did. ---There’s no denying. — It’s true. Example • There’s no denying that this has been a difficult year for the company. 9. stink v. 1) to be extremely bad or unpleasant Example • His acting stinks, but he looks good, so he’s offered lots of movie roles. 2) to smell very unpleasant Example • The morning after the party, the whole house stank of beer and cigarettes. 10. make a buck : to earn some money Examples • The eldest son had to make a buck to support the family. • Don’t expect to make an easy buck; everything is earned in a hard way. 11. go with : to accompany; to be part of Examples • The younger children stayed with their uncle while the older sons went with their parents to Spain. • Crime does not necessarily go with poverty; criminals with wealth are not uncommon. 12. bet v. 1) to risk (a sum of money) on the unknown result of an event Examples • She bet £500 000 on the horse which came in second. • I bet you $25 that I’ll get there before you. 2) to state confidently (what will happen or has happened) Example • I bet (that) he won’t come. Cf. You bet. — Certainly. Example • “Are you coming to the party?” “You bet.” 13. break one’s back 1) to work very hard or too hard; make every possible effort Example • Before the final exam, Frank broke his back over mathematics. 2) to make life difficult or impossible for Example • These new taxes will break the back of the working poor. 14. conceit n. to work very hard or too hard; make every possible effort Example • The young man was puffed up with conceit
-conceited a. full of conceit A conceited man believes he's always right about everything 15. stump v. to leave(someone)unable to reply; puzzle Examples Your question has stumped me Were all completely stumped- we cant work out how he escaped B Sentence Explan 1. I wouldnt want to pick up where I left off. I didn, t mean to resume my education by taking the subjects I had once missed at college 2. Too much of what I know of the great philosophers comes secondhand or from condensations. My knowledge of the great philosophers came indirectly or from some simplified works 3. This is just a little conversational conceit, but thats life. This is just a trick employed in conversation to show off, but I think we all naturally de IIL After-reading Tasks 1. Do some exercises after the text 2. Dictation
8 ---conceited a. full of conceit Example • A conceited man believes he’s always right about everything. 15. stump v. to leave (someone) unable to reply; puzzle Examples • Your question has stumped me. • We’re all completely stumped ― we can’t work out how he escaped. B. Sentence Explanation 1. I wouldn’t want to pick up where I left off. I didn’t mean to resume my education by taking the subjects I had once missed at college. 2. Too much of what I know of the great philosophers comes secondhand or from condensations. My knowledge of the great philosophers came indirectly or from some simplified works. 3. This is just a little conversational conceit, but that’s life. This is just a trick employed in conversation to show off, but I think we all naturally do so. III. After-reading Tasks 1. Do some exercises after the text. 2. Dictation
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