一、生态系统的重要功能 1 能量流动 生食食物链(grazing food chain) 腐食食物链(detritus food chain)

• 定义 • 发展 • 应用 • 标签管理 • 安全性评价

‘Genetically modified food’ has become the object of a heated debate by con￾sumer activists and replaced irradiation’s leading role as a target. In this debate the term irradiation is frequently confused with radioactive contamination, espe￾cially after the Chernobyl accident. The allegation is made that the nuclear indus￾try needs food irradiation badly in order to find some use for the waste from

Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) may be defined as ‘the enclosure of food products in gas-barrier materials, in which the gaseous environment has been changed’ (Young et al, 1988). Because of its substantial shelf-life extending effect, MAP has been one of the most significant and innovative growth areas in retail food packaging over the past two decades. The potential advantages and disadvantages of MAP have been presented by both Farber (1991) and Parry (1993), and summarised by Davies (1995) in Table 16.1

绪论 食品营养学(Food Nutriology) 一、营养(nutrition (一)营养 指人体为了维持正常生理、生化和免疫功能以及 生长、发育、代谢和修补组织等生命现象的需要而摄 取和利用食物的综合过程

食品添加剂(food additives)通常是人们为了改善食品质量和保持或提高 营养价值,在食品加工或贮藏过程中添加的少量天然或合成的物质,例如增强营 养,改善色、香、味或质地,方便加工,延长货架期,使消费者更容易接受。它 们具有某些特定的功能,既可以是单一成分,也可以是混合物。这些物质首先必 须是有益的和安全的,而且是受消费者欢迎的物质

Improving the nutritional quality of food is a key requirement for the food industry. There are a number of factors which have made this area one of growing importance, including:

5. Food Handling Practices 5.1 Use of colour coded equipment 5.1.1 Equipment used in different areas of a factory should be colour coded or clearly dentified in such a manner as to designate that department and to prevent the risk of cross contamination e.g. chopping

1. 1 Promotion of exports from developing countries to the European Union(EUand other industrialized countries-al n overview Supplying safe and high quality foods is more important than ever, as importers of food products demand safe food in compliance with strict hvgiene rules Quality improvement, however, is a continuous process The present concems in quality with respect to insects, extraneous matter, moisture, ash, micro-organisms insects, mites, mycotoxin, pesticide residues, heavy metals, non permitted colors, animal excreta, etc. will be

食品添加剂(food additives)通常是人们为了改善食品质量和保持或提高 营养价值,在食品加工或贮藏过程中添加的少量天然或合成的物质,例如增强营 养,改善色、香、味或质地,方便加工,延长货架期,使消费者更容易接受。它 们具有某些特定的功能,既可以是单一成分,也可以是混合物。这些物质首先必 须是有益的和安全的,而且是受消费者欢迎的物质