A1 Development of \Welfare State\ 1. Definition of Poverty 1.1 Absolute Poverty- families without minimum food, clothing and shelter needed for maintenance of merely physical health (concept at beginning of last century)

A1 Introduction Definition of crime--Crime is behaviour that breaks those rules of a society which are codified in the criminal law. (p131) Crimes are defined and punished by statutes and by the common law oIn changing society the opportunities for people to commit crimes also change. oChanges in patterns of work, in unemployment

1. Nutritional type of microbe? 1. 1 A distinction should be made between the Heterotrophic and autotrophic Organic compounds .2 Carbon source Carbon dioxide Organic molecule a1.3 Energy source Light or chemistry energy

Fixed Effects estimation When there is an observed fixed effect. an alternative to first differences is fixed effects estimation Consider the average over time of y Bx1+…+Bxik+a1+l The average of a, will be ai so if you subtract the mean. a will be differenced out just as when doing first differences Economics 20- Prof anderson

第五章相似矩阵及二次型 1.试用施密特法把下列向量组正交化: (1)(a1,a2,a3)=124

Social welfare function W: Rn-R gives social utility W(u1, u2,. un ). W is strictly increasing is socially optimal if it solves max Wu(a1), u2(a2),., un(n) st>Tis>w Proposition 1.29. If is SO, it is PO. I Proposition 1. 30. Suppose that preferences are continuous, strictly monotonic, and strictly convex. Then, for any PO allocation x* with >>0,v i, there exist ai

Fine tuned model for perfect adaptation spiro et a1.PNAs94,7263-7268(1997) A model of excitation and adaptation in bacterial chemotaxis

Strain energy and potential energy of a beam brec sedans hoMe the neutra xxis remain So Figure 1: Kinematic assumptions for a beam Kinematic assumptions for a beam: From the figure: AA'=u3(a1) Assume small deflections: B B\,BB\=3+ duy

1.(05-1-04)设a1,a2,均为3维列向量,记矩阵 A=(a,a2,a),B=(a+a2+a3,a+2ax2+4ay,+3a2+9a) 如果A=1,那么B=

八.凸集与凸函数 1凸集 (1)凸组合:已知XcR,任取k个点x∈X,如果存在常数 a≥0(i=1,2,k), a1=1,使得ax=x,则称x为x (i=1,2,,k)的凸组合。 (2)凸集:设集合XR,如果X中任意两点的凸组合 仍然属于,则称Ⅹ为凸集