7.1 芳香烃的分类 结构及命名 Classification, Structures and Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds 7.2 芳香烃的来源及物理性质 Sources and Physical Properties of Aromatic Hydrocarbons

7.3 芳香烃的化学性质 Reactions of Aromatic Hydrocarbons 7.4 苯环上亲电取代的定位规律 Orientation of Reactions on Substituted Aromatic Rings

6.1 炔烃的结构 命名 和物理性质 Structure, Nomenclature, and Physical Properties of Alkyne

4.1 卤代烃的分类 结构和命名 Classification, Structure, and Nomenclature of Alkyl Halides 4.2 卤代烃的物理性质 Physical Properties of Alkyl Halides 4.3 卤代烃的化学性质 Chemical properties of Alkyl Halides

第一章 绪论 第二章 烷烃 第三章 烯烃 第四章 炔烃 二烯烃 红外光谱 第五章 指环烃 第六章 单环芳烃 第七章 多环芳烃和非苯芳烃 第八章 立体化学 第九章 卤代烃 第十章 醇和醚

Conjugated unsaturated systems have a p orbital on a carbon adjacent to a double bond The p orbital can come from another double or triple bond The p orbital may be the empty p orbital of a carbocation or a p orbital with a single electron in it (a radical)

A UV-Vis spectrophotometer measures the amount of light absorbed at each wavelength of the UV and visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. λmax— the wavelength of maximum absorption

从茶叶中提取咖啡因 薄层色谱分离法 正溴丁烷的制备 肉桂酸的制备 苯胺的制备 乙酰苯胺的制备 呋喃甲醇和呋喃甲酸的制备 乙酰水杨酸的制备 甲基橙的制备

Compounds were classified as being either aliphatic or aromatic in the latter part of the nineteenth century. To be classified as aliphatic meant then that the chemical behavior of a compound was “fatlike”. To be classified as aromatic meant then that the compound had a low hydrogen/carbon ratio and that it was “fragrant

The most characteristic reactions of benzenoid arenes are the substitution reactions that occur when they react with electrophilic reagents. The electrophiles are either a positive ion (E+) or some other electron-deficient species with a large partial positive charge