一、单基线平差模型 二、模型简单、易于编程实现 三、基线之间相关性被忽略 四、不易发现粗差

假设在同一观测时段,只有两台接收机在一条基线上进行了 同步观测工作。从这一条件出发,根据间接平差原理,讨论载 波相位观测量不同线性组合的平差模型。这些模型易于推广到 多台接收机观测情况

一.天球坐标系空间固定的坐标系,该坐标系与地球自转无关,对描述卫星的运行位置和状态极其方便。 二.地球坐标系 与地球体相固联的坐标系统,该系统对表达地面观测站的位置和处理GPS观测数据尤为方坐标系统是由坐标原点位置、坐标轴指向和尺度所定义的

1. Errors related to GPs Satellites 2. Errors related to GPS signal propagation in atmosphere 3. Error related to gPs receivers Gv Principles of the Global Positioning System

1.1 Physical Fundamentals This attenuation is usually expressed in decibels (dB). By definition, an attenuation of n dB means signal propagation from the that the original field strength is decreased by ite to the user by means of factor of 10-0In electromagnetic waves. Such waves Physical quantities

This is a Geodetic Control Test Field located at L Radial Surveying( Cartwheel): Madison County, Central Ohio. lial Surveys: one receiver at a fixed 2 Madison County High Altitude Test Range site, and measuring lines from this fixed

1.1 Terminology Definitions 3. Point Positioning ys. Relative positioning The coordinates of a single point are determined when 1. Code Range vs, Carrier Phase Code measurements(meter level) Carrier phase measurements(millimeter range). Single point positioning

Perigee and Apogee: The point of closest approach of the satellite with respect to the earth's center of mass is called perigee and the most distant position is the apogee. Nodes: The intersection between the equatorial and the nit sphere is termed the nodes, where the ascending node defines the northward

Outline Review u Examined basics of GPS signal structure and how gnal is tracked a Looked at methods used to acquire satellites and start g Today we look at

1. Basic Knowledge of GPS In 1973, DOd organized a Joint P Office (JPO) located at the U.S. Air Force Systems Command's Space The s Second Lecture Division, Los Angeles Air Force Base(AFB)to what?