一、选择题:A型题(每题1分,共44分) 1.骨骼肌或心肌的初长度对收缩力量的调节作用属于 A.神经调节B.体液调节C.自身调节D.负反馈调节E.正反馈调节 2.能引起生物机体发生反应的各种环境变化统称为 A.反射B.兴奋C.刺激D.反应E.应激

通过本章的学习,掌握细胞膜的物质转运功能、细胞的跨膜信息传递功能、细胞的兴 奋性和生物电现象、肌细胞的收缩功能等

1)掌握雄激素的生物学作用 (2)掌握月经周期,雌激素与孕激素的生理作用; (3)了解睾丸的功能及其调节 (4)了解卵巢功能,了解下丘脑-腺垂体-卵巢轴与妇科内分泌疾病的关系

ART TK used to unravel involve of the immune mental conditions. Ho of unknown add ambiguity to the in of lymphocytes quently repea Addition of Expression Profile of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma. plified to the extent that

immunology, refers to the act of transferring cells, tissues, or organs from one site to another. The desire to accomplish transplants stems from the realization that many diseases can be cured by implantation of a healthy organ, tissue, or cells(a graft)from one individual (the donor)to another in need of the transplant(the recipient or

lure can have dire consequences. Nude Mouse (nu/nu) elf and begins to attack hich is Primary Immunodeficiencies AIDS and Other Acquired or Secondary Immunodeficiencies at birth differentiated from immunodeficiencies in which the non- specific mediators of innate immunity, such as phagocytes or ed. Immunodeficiencies are conve- by the type or the developmental stage of overall cellular de g the locations of prevennon stra

susceptible host, a series of coordinated events must rcumvent both innate and adaptive immunity. One of the first and most important features of host innate immunity is the barrier provided by the epithelial surfaces of the skin and the lining of the gut. The difficulty of penetrat- ing these epithelial barriers ensures that most pathogens never gain productive entry into the host. In addition to pro viding a physical barrier to infection, the epithelia also pro duce chemicals that are useful in

part of the body to another. This is espe- ially true of lymphocytes, which circulate ly in the blood and lymph and, in common with at sites o Lymphocytes Attached to the Surface of a High-Endothelial Venule sLymphocyte Recirculation Cell-Adhesion Molecules Neutrophil Extravasation Lymphocyte Extravasation Chemokines-Key Mediators of Inflammation Other Mediators of Inflammation The Inflammatory Process

of the humoral branch of the immune system Research on complement began in the 1890s, when Jules bordet at the institut pasteur in paris showed that sheep antiserum to the bacterium vibrio cholerae caused lysis of the bacteria and that heating the antiserum destroyed its bacteriolytic activity. Surprisingly, the ability to lyse the bacteria was restored to the heated serum by adding fresh serum that contained no antibodies directed a The Functions of Complement

production of plasma cells and memory B cells can be divided into three broad stages: generation of mature, immunocompetent B cells(maturation), activa- Initial Contact between b and T cells tion of mature B cells when they interact with antigen, and differentiation of activated B cells into plasma cells and memory B cells. In many vertebrates, ng humans B-Cell maturation and mice, the bone marrow generates B cells. This process