一、证据的概念(证据理论中的基础性难题) “事实说”、“事实材料(内容)与证明手段(形式) 统一说”、“广义说与狭义说

一、外国证据制度沿革 证据制度:运用、判断、认定证据的制度 (一)神示证据制度 1、含义 2、神示证据制度存在的历史条件

指在理论上按照一定的标准,从不同的角度对证据作 出不同的划分。其目的是通过比较不同种类证据的特点, 寻找运用各类证据的一般规律。 证据的分类与证据的种类不同。后者只有“证据的存 在形式”一个标准,且是由法律规定的。前者有多种标 准,有交叉性,是理论上的分类

Content Lotteries and expected utility Risk aversion Metric Subjective probability theory

Cost Minimization Content Definitions Properties of cost function WACM Some forms of cost functions

1.Integrability Demand function x(p,w)(.d.) is HDO, satisfied Walras Law and have a substitution matrix S(p,w) is s.n.s.d. for any (p,w), if it's deduced by rational preference. And if we observed an x(p,w) satisfied such conditions, can we find a preference to rationalization(p,w)? That the integrability problem

Summary textbook Varian, Hal R, 1992, Microeconomics Analysis, 3rd ed Mas-Colella m Whinston and j, green 1995, microeconomics Theory assignments

Content Competitive equilibrium Local analysis Omplete compete market Monopoly

Content Public goods Subscription Efficient provision of public goods Public choice EXternality What's externality? How to solute it? What's the efficient condition with externality

Content Pure exchange system The existence of Walrasian equilibrium The first theorem of welfare economics The second theorem of welfare economics Exchange with production