Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Edited by EUGENIO ONATE Centro Internacional de Metodos Numericos en Ingenieria(CIMNE), Universidad Politecnica de Cataluia,Barcelona,Spain and BERN KROPLIN Institut fiir Statik und Dynamik der Luft-und Raumfahrtkonstruktionen, Stuttgart,Germany ②Springer
Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Edited by EUGENIO OÑATE Centro Internacional de Métodos Numéricos en Ingeniería (CIMNE), Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain and Institut für Statik und Dynamik der Luft- und Raumfahrtkonstruktionen, Stuttgart, Germany BERN KRÖPLIN
Table of Contents Preface.....................i On the Design Process of Tensile Structures .Vgmr................................。。.。....1 Systems for Lightweight Structure Design:the State-of-the-Art and Current Developments E.Moncrieff.................17 Recent Developments in the Analytical Design of Tertile Membranes L.Griindig,D.Strobel and P.Singer................................29 Finite Element Analysis of Membrane Structures R.L.Taylor,E.Ofate and P.A.Ubach...............................47 Applications of a Rotation-Free Triangular Element for Finite Strain Analysis of Thin Shells and Membranes F.Flores and E.Ofate..............................................69 FE Analysis of Membrane Systems Including Wrinkling and Coupling R.Rossi,V.Renato and E.Ofate...................................89 Wrinkles in Square Membranes Y.W.Wong and S.Pellegrino.......................................109 FEM for Prestressed Saint Venant-Kirchhoff Hyperelastic Membranes A.J.Gl..123 Equilibrium Consistent Anisotropic Stress Fields in Membrane Design K.-U.Bletzinger,R.Wiichner and F.Daoud........................143 Efficient Finite Element Modelling and Simulation of Gas and Fluid Supported Membrane and Shell Structures T.Rumpel,K.Schweizerhof and M.HaBler........................153 Widespan Membrane Roof Structures:Design Assisted by Erperimental Analysis M.Majowiecki................ ..173 Fabric Membranes Cutting Pattern B.Maurin and R.Motro...........................................195
Table of Contents On the Design Process of Tensile Structures R. Wagner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Systems for Lightweight Structure Design: the State-of-the-Art and Current Developments E. Moncrieff .........................................................17 Recent Developments in the Analytical Design of Textile Membranes L. Grundig, D. Str¨ ¨ obel and P. Singer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 ¨ Finite Element Analysis of Membrane Structures R.L. Taylor, E. O˜nate and P.A. Ubach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 ˜ Applications of a Rotation-Free Triangular Element for Finite Strain Analysis of Thin Shells and Membranes F. Flores and E. O˜nate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 FE Analysis of Membrane Systems Including Wrinkling and Coupling R. Rossi, V. Renato and E. O˜nate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Wrinkles in Square Membranes Y.W. Wong and S. Pellegrino. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 FEM for Prestressed Saint Venant-Kirchhoff Hyperelastic Membranes A. J. Gil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Equilibrium Consistent Anisotropic Stress Fields in Membrane Design K.-U. Bletzinger, R. W¨uchner and F. Daoud. ¨ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Efficient Finite Element Modelling and Simulation of Gas and Fluid Supported Membrane and Shell Structures T. Rumpel, K. Schweizerhof and M. Haßler . ....................... 153 Widespan Membrane Roof Structures: Design Assisted by Experimental Analysis M. Majowiecki . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Fabric Membranes Cutting Pattern B. Maurin and R. Motro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 v Preface ................................................................... vii
vi Table of Contents Inflated Membrane Structures on the Ground in the Air and in Space- A Classification B.Kroplin.........................................................213 Post-Tensioned Modular Inflated Structures R.Tarczewski...................221 Experiences in the Design Analysis and Construction of Low Pressure Inflatable Structures J.Marcipar,E.Ofate and J.Miquel Canet.........................241 Recent Advances in the Rigidization of Gossamer Structures B.Defoort,V.Peypoudat,M.C.Bernasconi,K.Chuda and X.Coqueret........................................................259 Form-Optimizing Processes in Biological Structures.Self-generating structures in nature based on pneumatics E.Stach............................................................285 Making Blobs with a Tertile Mould A.C.D.Pronk and R.Houtman......................................305
Inflated Membrane Structures on the Ground in the Air and in Space - A Classification B. Kroplin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 ¨ Post-Tensioned Modular Inflated Structures R. Tarczewski . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 Experiences in the Design Analysis and Construction of Low Pressure Inflatable Structures J. Marcipar, E. O˜nate and J. Miquel Canet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 ˜ Recent Advances in the Rigidization of Gossamer Structures B. Defoort, V. Peypoudat, M.C. Bernasconi, K. Chuda and X. Coqueret . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 Form-Optimizing Processes in Biological Structures. Self-generating structures in nature based on pneumatics E. Stach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 Making Blobs with a Textile Mould vi A.C.D. Pronk and R. Houtman. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .305 Table of Contents
PREFACE The objective of this book is to collect state-of-the-art research and tech- nology for design,analysis,construction and maintenance of textile and inflatable structures. Textile composites and inflatable structures have become increasingly popular for a variety of applications in-among many other fields-civil engineering,architecture and aerospace engineering.Typical examples in- clude membrane roofs and covers,sails,inflatable buildings and pavilions, airships,inflatable furniture,airspace structures etc. The ability to provide numerical simulations for increasingly complex membrane and inflatable structures is advancing rapidly due to both re- markable strides in computer hardware development and the improved maturity of computational procedures for nonlinear structural systems. Significant progress has been made in the formulation of finite elements methods for static and dynamic problems,complex constitutive material behaviour,coupled aero-elastic analysis etc. The book contains 18 invited contributions written by distinguished authors who participated in the International Conference on Textile Com- puter and Inflated Structures held in Barcelona from June 30th to July 2nd 2003.The meeting was one of the Thematic Conferences of the European Community on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences(ECCOMAS, www.eccomas.org). The different chapters discuss recent progress and future research direc- tions in new textile composites for applications in membrane and inflatable structures.Approximately half of the book focuses in describing innovative numerical methods for structural analysis,such as new non linear mem- brane and shell finite elements.The rest of the chapters present advances in design,construction and maintenance procedures. The content of the different chapters was sent directly by the authors and the editors cannot accept responsibility for any inaccuracies,comments and opinions contained in the text. The editors would also like to take this opportunity to thank all authors for submitting their contributions. Eugenio Onate Bernard Kroplin Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya University of Stuttgart Barcelona,Spain Stuttgart,Germany vii
PREFACE The objective of this book is to collect state-of-the-art research and technology for design, analysis, construction and maintenance of textile and inflatable structures. Textile composites and inflatable structures have become increasingly popular for a variety of applications in - among many other fields - civil engineering, architecture and aerospace engineering. Typical examples include membrane roofs and covers, sails, inflatable buildings and pavilions, airships, inflatable furniture, airspace structures etc. The ability to provide numerical simulations for increasingly complex membrane and inflatable structures is advancing rapidly due to both remarkable strides in computer hardware development and the improved maturity of computational procedures for nonlinear structural systems. Significant progress has been made in the formulation of finite elements methods for static and dynamic problems, complex constitutive material behaviour, coupled aero-elastic analysis etc. The book contains 18 invited contributions written by distinguished authors who participated in the International Conference on Textile Computer and Inflated Structures held in Barcelona from June 30th to July 2nd 2003. The meeting was one of the Thematic Conferences of the European Community on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences (ECCOMAS, www.eccomas.org). The different chapters discuss recent progress and future research directions in new textile composites for applications in membrane and inflatable structures. Approximately half of the book focuses in describing innovative numerical methods for structural analysis, such as new non linear membrane and shell finite elements. The rest of the chapters present advances in design, construction and maintenance procedures. The content of the different chapters was sent directly by the authors and the editors cannot accept responsibility for any inaccuracies, comments and opinions contained in the text. The editors would also like to take this opportunity to thank all authors for submitting their contributions. Eugenio O˜nate Bernard Kroplin ¨ Universitat Polit`ecnica de Catalunya University of Stuttgart Barcelona, Spain Stuttgart, Germany vii