《应用文写作实践》教学大纲张洪芹编写
《应用文写作实践》教学大纲 张洪芹 编写
应用文写作实践目录、前言2二、课程教学目的和基本要求.三、课程主要内容及学时分配四、教学重点与难点C五、《应用文写作实践》文体特点及写作要求六、《应用文写作实践》写作技巧，七、相关教学环节八、教材：自编讲义九、主要参考书目2十、教学内容及进度安排ChapterOneAIntroductionChapterTwoOfficialDocuments..12Chapter Three Transaction documents..13SectionFiveMeetingMinutes...18ChapterSixResearchDocuments.Chapter Seven Special Letters..20.23Chapter Eight Other Application Writings.25Chapter nineapplication writings: class debate
应用文写作实践 1 目 录 一、前言.2 二、课程教学目的和基本要求.2 三、课程主要内容及学时分配.2 四、教学重点与难点.2 五、《应用文写作实践》文体特点及写作要求.2 六、《应用文写作实践》写作技巧.2 七、相关教学环节.2 八、教材：自编讲义.3 九、主要参考书目.3 十、教学内容及进度安排.3 Chapter One Introduction.4 Chapter Two Official Documents.7 Chapter Three Transaction documents.12 Section Five Meeting Minutes .13 Chapter Six Research Documents .18 Chapter Seven Special Letters.20 Chapter Eight Other Application Writings .23 Chapter nine application writings: class debate .25
外院英专一、前言《应用文写作实践》为外国语学院英语专业三年级必修课。本课程开设学期为第五学期本课程旨在使学生能根据公务或私务的需要，写作出既符合党和国家的路线、方针、政策以及有关的法律、法规，又符合应用写作格式和要求的应用文。本大纲编写人员为张洪芹。二、课程教学目的和基本要求《应用文写作实践》是英语专业开设的一门基础必修课，具有很强的实践性和实用性。本课程的教学，使英语专业的学生能够受到较系统的应用文写作训练，掌握必要的写作技能技巧，获得较完备的英语应用文写作的理论基础，提高专业写作的实际能力，以适应今后在学习、生活以及科学研究中的写作需要，并为毕业论文写作做好充分的知识准备。本教学的基本要求：本课程要求学生掌握专用书信，等应用文体的格式和写作要求，学会比较熟练地写作这些应用文：熟练掌握与本专业相关的应用文体的写作：掌握日常生活中高频应用文体的写作：了解本教材涉及到的其他文体的写作。三、课程主要内容及学时分配本课程的教学目的，要求学生掌握公文、事务文书、礼仪文书、科研文书、专用书信等应用文体的格式和写作要求，学会比较熟练地写作这些应用文。本课程为2学分36学时，每个章节2学时。四、教学重点与难点本课程教学重点：注重培养学生的写作能力和实践能力。本课程内容具有较强的实践性，因此，教学过程中要结合课程内容，让学生多提笔写作，切实把写作的理论知识转变为写作的能力。本课程与相关课程需要衔接和配合，这构成了教学难点，主要体现三个方面：第一、中外思维文化差异：第二、写作理论知识：第三、应用文所涉及的独特要求及多样的格式内容。因此，本课程需要其他学科知识的储备与支撑。在本课程的教学过程中，需要对上述三个方面投入较大精力。五、《应用文写作实践》文体特点及写作要求有较强的时效性。及时性是日常应用文的基本特征。语言朴实、简明、准确。少修辞少描述。总的来说，特点有两个，一是实用性，一是有其惯用的格式。应用文的写作要求是完整、体谅、礼貌、清楚、简洁、具体和正确。六、《应用文写作实践》写作技巧1.切题2.格式3.连贯4.文体七、相关教学环节《应用文写作实践》课程主要以课堂教学为主，课堂教学形式分为三种形式：教师讲授、学生讨论和技能训练，教师讲授以任务教学法为准，以提问形式处理案例中的法律知识问题、语言运用2
外院英专 2 一、前言 《应用文写作实践》为外国语学院英语专业三年级必修课。本课程开设学期为第五学期。 本课程旨在使学生能根据公务或私务的需要，写作出既符合党和国家的路线、方针、政策以及 有关的法律、法规，又符合应用写作格式和要求的应用文。 本大纲编写人员为张洪芹。 二、课程教学目的和基本要求 《应用文写作实践》是英语专业开设的一门基础必修课，具有很强的实践性和实用性。本课程 的教学，使英语专业的学生能够受到较系统的应用文写作训练，掌握必要的写作技能技巧，获得较 完备的英语应用文写作的理论基础，提高专业写作的实际能力，以适应今后在学习、生活以及科学 研究中的写作需要，并为毕业论文写作做好充分的知识准备。 本教学的基本要求：本课程要求学生掌握专用书信，等应用文体的格式和写作要求，学会比较 熟练地写作这些应用文；熟练掌握与本专业相关的应用文体的写作；掌握日常生活中高频应用文体 的写作；了解本教材涉及到的其他文体的写作。 三、课程主要内容及学时分配 本课程的教学目的，要求学生掌握公文、事务文书、礼仪文书、科研文书、专用书信等应用 文体的格式和写作要求，学会比较熟练地写作这些应用文。 本课程为 2 学分 36 学时，每个章节 2 学时。 四、教学重点与难点 本课程教学重点：注重培养学生的写作能力和实践能力。本课程内容具有较强的实践性，因此， 教学过程中要结合课程内容，让学生多提笔写作，切实把写作的理论知识转变为写作的能力。 本课程与相关课程需要衔接和配合，这构成了教学难点，主要体现三个方面：第一、中外思维 文化差异；第二、写作理论知识；第三、应用文所涉及的独特要求及多样的格式内容。因此，本课 程需要其他学科知识的储备与支撑。在本课程的教学过程中，需要对上述三个方面投入较大精力。 五、《应用文写作实践》文体特点及写作要求 有较强的时效性。及时性是日常应用文的基本特征。 语言朴实、简明、准确。少修辞少描述。总的来说，特点有两个，一是实用性，一是有其惯用 的格式。 应用文的写作要求是完整、体谅、礼貌、清楚、简洁、具体和正确。 六、《应用文写作实践》写作技巧 1. 切题 2. 格式 3. 连贯 4. 文体 七、相关教学环节 《应用文写作实践》课程主要以课堂教学为主，课堂教学形式分为三种形式：教师讲授、学生 讨论和技能训练，教师讲授以任务教学法为准，以提问形式处理案例中的法律知识问题、语言运用
应用文写作实践问题，学生通过回答问题，把握相关知识和技能。教学手段采用多媒体教学手段。教学评估采用形成性评估和终结性评估两种方式。八、教材：自编讲义九、主要参考书目A.B.Kench, The Language of English Business Letters,Macmillan Education Limited,1977,HongKongJ.C.Tressler,English in Action, Boston,D.C.Heath and Company,1979JohnE.Felber:TheAmerican'sTouristMannual forthePeople'sRepublicofChina,InternationalIntertradeIndexPrintingConsultants,NewJersey,U.S.A,1979编写组，《出国留学指南》，经济科学出版社，2009年。丁往道等，《英语写作手册》英文版，外语教学与研究出版社，2012年。李平，《大学英语实用英语写作教程》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2005年。廖瑛，《商务文秘英语写作》，中南大学出版社，2006年。廖瑛，《实用英语应用文写作》，长沙，中南大学出版社，2006年。刘书琴、李伯芳、张菊香，《求职英语应用文大全》，北京：机械工业出版社，2006年。十、教学内容及进度安排本课程的内容有9个单元，即英语应用文写作实践8个章节和课堂讨论1个章节。每个章节也4学时，具体内容及安排如下：3
应用文写作实践 3 问题，学生通过回答问题，把握相关知识和技能。教学手段采用多媒体教学手段。教学评估采用形 成性评估和终结性评估两种方式。 八、教材：自编讲义 九、主要参考书目 A.B. Kench, The Language of English Business Letters, Macmillan Education Limited, 1977, Hong Kong. J. C. Tressler, English in Action, Boston, D.C. Heath and Company, 1979. John E. Felber: The American’s Tourist Mannual for the People’s Republic of China, International Intertrade Index Printing Consultants, New Jersey, U.S.A, 1979. 编写组，《出国留学指南》，经济科学出版社，2009 年。 丁往道等， 《英语写作手册》英文版，外语教学与研究出版社，2012 年。 李平，《大学英语实用英语写作教程》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2005 年。 廖瑛，《商务文秘英语写作》，中南大学出版社，2006 年。 廖瑛，《实用英语应用文写作》，长沙，中南大学出版社，2006 年。 刘书琴、李伯芳、张菊香，《求职英语应用文大全》，北京：机械工业出版社，2006 年。 十、教学内容及进度安排 本课程的内容有 9 个单元，即英语应用文写作实践 8 个章节和课堂讨论 1 个章节。每个章节也 4 学时，具体内容及安排如下：
外院英专ChapterOneIntroductionI. SummaryThe appliedEnglish writing(AEW)is to briefly introducetheoriesrequired in AEW and to makeanappropriate application in all types of practical writing so as to equip the students with the skills andprerequisites of future study or work.II.The purpose and requirements of teaching AEWIt is to the mastery of the features and characteristics of Applied English Writing (AEW), theunderstandingof theclassification and requirements ofAEWII. Teaching ContentsSectionOnethe Nature,Features and Functions ofAEW1.1 the nature ofAEW1.2 thefeature ofAEW1.3 the function ofAEWSectionTwotheClassificationofAEW2.1 classification accordingto its writer:officialdocuments and privatedocuments2.2 classification according to its usage: general documents and special documents2.3conventionalclassification2.3.1 Social etiquette style: letters of thanks, invitation, congratulation, apologize, apologies,condolence, speeches, etc.2.3.2 Daily application style: notification, the claiming,announcement, poster, leave request, report,abstract, memos, certificate, application, notarization, recommendation, complaint, etc.2.3.3 Other applicational styles: agreement, contract, advertisement, product manual, commentary,resume, application, diary, will and etc.Section Three AEWWriting Requirements3.1 writing substances3.2 writing materials3.3 writing structure3.4 language featuresSectionFour SevenCsrequired inAEW4
外院英专 4 Chapter One Introduction I. Summary The applied English writing (AEW) is to briefly introduce theories required in AEW and to make an appropriate application in all types of practical writing so as to equip the students with the skills and prerequisites of future study or work. II. The purpose and requirements of teaching AEW It is to the mastery of the features and characteristics of Applied English Writing (AEW), the understanding of the classification and requirements of AEW. III. Teaching Contents Section One the Nature, Features and Functions of AEW 1.1 the nature of AEW 1.2 the feature of AEW 1.3 the function of AEW Section Two the Classification of AEW 2.1 classification according to its writer: official documents and private documents 2.2 classification according to its usage: general documents and special documents 2.3 conventional classification 2.3.1 Social etiquette style: letters of thanks, invitation, congratulation, apologize, apologies, condolence, speeches, etc. 2.3.2 Daily application style: notification, the claiming, announcement, poster, leave request, report, abstract, memos, certificate, application, notarization, recommendation, complaint, etc. 2.3.3 Other applicational styles: agreement, contract, advertisement, product manual, commentary, resume, application, diary, will and etc. Section Three AEW Writing Requirements 3.1 writing substances 3.2 writing materials 3.3 writing structure 3.4 language features Section Four Seven Cs required in AEW
应用文写作实践The language required in AEW is of completeness, consideration, courtesy, clearness, conciseness andcorrectness4.1 CompletenessA letter should include five parts (5 Ws): who, what, where, when and whyAnorderletter is composed of whattheconsumerwants,whenhe(she)needsthegoods,towhomandwhere the goods to be sent and how the payment will be made.4.2.ConsiderationThe writer is to showrespect to the addressee in the letterOur attitudeyour attitudeWeallow2percentdiscountforcashpaymentYou earn 2 percent discount when you pay cashWe are pleased t announce tha...You will pleased to know that...You will no doubt do it.We want you to do it.We follow this policy, because...You will benefitfromthis policy,because...4.3Courtesya.Courtesyrequirespoliteness in languageand considerationtothepartnernot courtesycourtesyYou ought to...Perhaps you could...WewarmlywelcomeyoutoNewYork.YouarewarmlywelcomeinNewYork.b. ways for courtesytheuse of"Will you please..."instead of commandthe use of subjunctive mood"We would ask you to ship the goods by the first availablevessel."the use of passive mood "A very careless mistake was made."4.4.ClearnessLetter language is required to be concise and direct.For example,the sentence is not clear enough, like" I'd like you and David to come to luncheon next Friday".Herethedateneeds to be added on. So therevision goes“I'd like you andDavid to come to luncheon nexiFriday,MaytheI',atwelve o'clock",Ina letter reply,the addresser cannot reply thisway"I'll come if I'm free"4.5ConcisenessIt's better to words,phrases, clauses, short sentences instead of phrases, sentences and long sentence.Statementsarepreferredtoquestionsnot conciseconcise...decide......cometoadecision...Will you be good enough toPlease...We express our regret at being unable to fulfill your order on this occasion. (not concise)We are sorry we cannot meet your present order.For the reason that-----because...(concise)4.6ConcretenessNo vagueness, abstract, and fuzziness are allowed in AEW.The time is to be as exact as the date, month,and year.And the product quality and feature is to be illustrated with datainconcreteconcreteThank youfor your beautiful gif------Thank you for your beautiful roses.4.7 CorrectnessThe content in the letter is to suite the fact, especially the correctness of digital numbers and trade terms.5
应用文写作实践 5 The language required in AEW is of completeness, consideration, courtesy, clearness, conciseness and correctness. 4.1 Completeness A letter should include five parts (5 Ws): who, what, where, when and why. An order letter is composed of what the consumer wants, when he (she) needs the goods, to whom and where the goods to be sent and how the payment will be made. 4.2. Consideration The writer is to show respect to the addressee in the letter. Our attitude your attitude We allow 2 percent discount for cash payment You earn 2 percent discount when you pay cash We are pleased t announce that. You will pleased to know that. We want you to do it. You will no doubt do it. We follow this policy, because. You will benefit from this policy, because. 4.3 Courtesy a. Courtesy requires politeness in language and consideration to the partner. not courtesy courtesy You ought to. Perhaps you could. We warmly welcome you to New York. You are warmly welcome in New York. b. ways for courtesy the use of “Will you please.” instead of command. the use of subjunctive mood “We would ask you to ship the goods by the first available vessel.” the use of passive mood “A very careless mistake was made.” 4.4. Clearness Letter language is required to be concise and direct. For example, the sentence is not clear enough, like “ I’d like you and David to come to luncheon next Friday”. Here the date needs to be added on. So the revision goes “I’d like you and David to come to luncheon next Friday, May the 1st, at twelve o’clock”. In a letter reply, the addresser cannot reply this way “I’ll come if I’m free”. 4.5 Conciseness It’s better to words, phrases, clauses, short sentences instead of phrases, sentences and long sentence. Statements are preferred to questions. not concise concise .come to a decision. .decide. Will you be good enough to Please. We express our regret at being unable to fulfill your order on this occasion. (not concise) We are sorry we cannot meet your present order. For the reason that-because.(concise) 4.6 Concreteness No vagueness, abstract, and fuzziness are allowed in AEW. The time is to be as exact as the date, month, and year. And the product quality and feature is to be illustrated with data. inconcrete concrete Thank you for your beautiful gift-Thank you for your beautiful roses. 4.7 Correctness The content in the letter is to suite the fact, especially the correctness of digital numbers and trade terms
外院英专For this involves in the benefits and obligations of two parties. So cross-checks are needed for thepreciseness in details. The citation of quotation is to acknowledge its source as original as possiblewithout any modification.IV. Suggestions for instructionAEW evolutionary knowledge can be appropriately introduced, and emphasis can be given to theintroduction of the classification of AEW with little involvement in the theoretical debates. Furthermore,feature introduction can be illustrated with the features of Literature works to strengthen studentsperceptual knowledge.V.Teachinghours:4class hoursDiscussion of the goals in AEW1. Discuss the nature and feature and function of AEW2.DescribeclearlytheclassificationofAEW3.MakeaplanastohowtoapplythetheoryofAEWtoyourstudyortoyourwork6
外院英专 6 For this involves in the benefits and obligations of two parties. So cross-checks are needed for the preciseness in details. The citation of quotation is to acknowledge its source as original as possible without any modification. IV. Suggestions for instruction AEW evolutionary knowledge can be appropriately introduced, and emphasis can be given to the introduction of the classification of AEW with little involvement in the theoretical debates. Furthermore, feature introduction can be illustrated with the features of Literature works to strengthen students' perceptual knowledge. V. Teaching hours: 4 class hours Discussion of the goals in AEW 1. Discuss the nature and feature and function of AEW. 2. Describe clearly the classification of AEW. 3. Make a plan as to how to apply the theory of AEW to your study or to your work
应用文写作实践ChapterTwoOfficial DocumentsI.The purpose and requirements ofAEW instructionthe mastery of accurate meanings, features, usage and basic forms of AEW writings such as documents,bulletin, notice, report, requests, letters, reply, meeting minutes; the understanding all kinds of documentclassification,andthemasteryofreportwritingandmeetingminutesTeaching hours: 4 class hoursIL.Teaching ContentsSection OneIntroduction1.1thenatureand characteristicsofofficial documents1.2 the classification of official documents1.3 the format of official documents1.4 the basic requirements of official writingBulletinsSectionTwo2.1 introduction to bulletins2.2thebasicformatofbulletins2.3 the requirements of bulletin writing2.4 bulletin samplesSection ThreeNotice3.1 introduction to notice3.2thebasicformatofnotice3.3 the writing requirements of notice3.4noticesamplesReportsSection Four4.1 introduction to reports4.2 the basic format of reports4.3 the writing requirements of reports4.4 report samples7
应用文写作实践 7 Chapter Two Official Documents I. The purpose and requirements of AEW instruction the mastery of accurate meanings, features, usage and basic forms of AEW writings such as documents, bulletin, notice, report, requests, letters, reply, meeting minutes; the understanding all kinds of document classification, and the mastery of report writing and meeting minutes Teaching hours: 4 class hours II. Teaching Contents Section One Introduction 1.1 the nature and characteristics of official documents 1.2 the classification of official documents 1.3 the format of official documents 1.4 the basic requirements of official writing Section Two Bulletins 2.1 introduction to bulletins 2.2 the basic format of bulletins 2.3 the requirements of bulletin writing 2.4 bulletin samples Section Three Notice 3.1 introduction to notice 3.2 the basic format of notice 3.3 the writing requirements of notice 3.4 notice samples Section Four Reports 4.1 introduction to reports 4.2 the basic format of reports 4.3 the writing requirements of reports 4.4 report samples
外院英专Section FiveRequests5.1introduction to requests5.2 the basic format of requests5.3thedifferencebetweenreportsandrequests5.5request samplesSection SixLetters6.1 introduction to letters6.2 the basic format of lettersABlock FormTheStoneGirls'Middle School286SmithRoadX X City, CaliforniaTheUnitedStatesofAmericaAug, 24, 1983An Indented FormClass 8003, English Faculty,Foreign Languages Dep.,Xinhua Normal UniversityHaicity, Up-North ProvincePeople's Republic of ChinaDec.18,19836.3 the requirements ofletter writing6.4 letter samplesBusiness Letter---asking tovisitanExhibition on Scientific and Technological Inventions187PeacockAvenueXX District, Shanghai CitySept. 16, 1983ReceptionOfficeExhibition Palace, ShanghaiGentlemen,We were very pleased to learn from the local newspaper that many important and valuableinventions of scienceand technology made since the Second World War are now on display in yourexhibitionhallWeall knowthat there havebeenalargenumber of scientific and technical achievements,the application of which has been greatly changing our total view of the world. The past four decades inparticular have witnessed the birth of many new theories of epoch--making significance. They deal withalmost everything in all spheres of human activities. Thanks to the selfless efforts of scientists, Chineseand overseas, man's life has been daily improving. Today, science and technology are advancing in ourcountry much more rapidly than at any time in the past. They are being applied to the needs of production8
外院英专 8 Section Five Requests 5.1 introduction to requests 5.2 the basic format of requests 5.3 the difference between reports and requests 5.5 request samples Section Six Letters 6.1 introduction to letters 6.2 the basic format of letters A Block Form The Stone Girls’ Middle School 286 Smith Road X X City, California The United States of America Aug, 24, 1983 An Indented Form Class 8003, English Faculty, Foreign Languages Dep., Xinhua Normal University Haicity, Up-North Province People’s Republic of China Dec. 18, 1983. 6.3 the requirements of letter writing 6.4 letter samples Business Letter-asking to visit an Exhibition on Scientific and Technological Inventions 187 Peacock Avenue XX District, Shanghai City Sept. 16, 1983 Reception Office Exhibition Palace, Shanghai Gentlemen, We were very pleased to learn from the local newspaper that many important and valuable inventions of science and technology made since the Second World War are now on display in your exhibition hall. We all know that there have been a large number of scientific and technical achievements, the application of which has been greatly changing our total view of the world. The past four decades in particular have witnessed the birth of many new theories of epoch-making significance. They deal with almost everything in all spheres of human activities. Thanks to the selfless efforts of scientists, Chinese and overseas, man’s life has been daily improving. Today, science and technology are advancing in our country much more rapidly than at any time in the past. They are being applied to the needs of production
应用文写作实践and life.We, young scienceworkers, intend in all eagerness to make in-depth studies of national andinternational trends of science and technology developments andkeep in pacewith the rapid progress ofsciences in various fields.To do this, it is necessary for us to get well informed of the latest results ofscientific researchesWetherebywritetoaskforachancetovisityourexhibition.Wewill verymuchappreciate it if youcan arrangefor us tocome on Sept.25,1983,next Saturday.Thank you in advance for a favourable reply at your earliest convenience.Sincerely yours,Liu MingLi YangfangXiao YunPrivate Letter of InvitationDepartment of BiologyX X Normal UniversityMay 16, 1985Dear Mr. Wang Lin,Itgivesme much pleasure to introducetoyouthebearer of the this letter, Comrade Lin Ling,who isgoing to ask you to help her with her studies in physics and chemistry. She graduated from X X MiddleSchool last year. Always a three-good student, she shows herself upright, hardworking and intelligent.Lin's father, who specializes in biology, has been a bosom friend of mine for more than twenty years.Whatever,youdofor her will begreatlyappreciated and considered apersonal favour tomePlease accept myheartfelt thanks and withkindest regards toyou and yoursYours intimatelyTang RongSection SevenReply7.1 introduction to reply7.2 the basic format of reply7.3 the requirements of replywriting7.4reply samplesSection EightMeeting Minutes8.1 Introduction to meeting minutes8.2Thebasicformatofmeetingminutes8.3The requirements of writing meetingminutes8.4meetingminutessamplesMinutesofa Seminarof Scientists andTechniciansSeminar MinutesTime: Saturday, July 14, 1999, at 2: 30 p. m.Place:Conference hall, second floor, the Central Building of X X HotelAttending:Prof.Zhou Fang, Associate Prof. Lin Zhong.,Senior Engineers Liang Ming and Xie Feng, Engineer Ma Li and others9
应用文写作实践 9 and life. We, young science workers, intend in all eagerness to make in-depth studies of national and international trends of science and technology developments and keep in pace with the rapid progress of sciences in various fields. To do this, it is necessary for us to get well informed of the latest results of scientific researches. We thereby write to ask for a chance to visit your exhibition. We will very much appreciate it if you can arrange for us to come on Sept. 25, 1983, next Saturday. Thank you in advance for a favourable reply at your earliest convenience. Sincerely yours, Liu Ming Li Yangfang Xiao Yun Private Letter of Invitation Department of Biology X X Normal University May 16, 1985 Dear Mr. Wang Lin, It gives me much pleasure to introduce to you the bearer of the this letter, Comrade Lin Ling, who is going to ask you to help her with her studies in physics and chemistry. She graduated from X X Middle School last year. Always a three-good student, she shows herself upright, hardworking and intelligent. Lin’s father, who specializes in biology, has been a bosom friend of mine for more than twenty years. Whatever, you do for her will be greatly appreciated and considered a personal favour to me. Please accept my heartfelt thanks and with kindest regards to you and yours. Yours intimately, Tang Rong Section Seven Reply 7.1 introduction to reply 7.2 the basic format of reply 7.3 the requirements of reply writing 7.4 reply samples Section Eight Meeting Minutes 8.1 Introduction to meeting minutes 8.2 The basic format of meeting minutes 8.3 The requirements of writing meetingminutes 8.4 meeting minutes samples Minutes of a Seminar of Scientists and Technicians Seminar Minutes Time: Saturday, July 14, 1999, at 2: 30 p. m. Place: Conference hall, second floor, the Central Building of X X Hotel Attending: Prof. Zhou Fang, Associate Prof. Lin Zhong., Senior Engineers Liang Ming and Xie Feng, Engineer Ma Li and others