揭阳职业技术学院：《跨文化交际》课程授课教案 Intercultural Communicatio（三，小学英语教育专业，任课教师：杨茹）.pdf_大学文库

5. Teaching method:Through teacher's explanation and asking questions, students can understand therelated concepts: The teacher will provide students with situation. With the help ofmultimedia.6. Teaching Procedure:6.1Letter:Pete'sFirstDayinChinaCasel:Interpretinga SmilePeter isthegeneral manager of an American company in China.Recently,JunChen,oneof theChinesemanagers made amistake at work that caused some difficulties that required a lot ofeffort tofix.Jun Chen was veryupset about whathad happened, and cameto Peter'sofficetomakea formal apologyJunChenwent intoPeter'sofficeafterbeingtoldto,smilingbeforehespoke.“Peter,I'vebeenfeeling very upset about the trouble I've caused for the company. I'm here to apologize for mymistake.I'm terribly sorry about it and I want you to know that it will never happen again."JunChen said, looking at Peter withthe smile he had been wearing sincehewalked into the office.Peter found it hard to accept the apology. He looked at Jun Chen, and asked, “are you sure?""Yes, I'm very sorry and I promise this won't happen again," Jun Chen said, with a smile evenbroader than before."I'm sorryI just can't takeyour apology.You don't look sorry at all!"Peter said angrilyJun Chen's face turned very red.He did not in the least expect Peterto take it negatively.He wasdesperate tomake himself understood.Peter,"he managed to smile again,“trust me, no one canfeel anymore sorry thanI doabout it."Peter was almost furious by now, “if you're that sorry, how can you still smile?"Chinese perspective:It may be difficult for Westerners to believe that smiling for the Chinese not only means thatsomeone is happy,but alsothat he/she is sorry.It isdesirablefor a Chineseto apologizewithasmile,whichindicateshumblenessandembarrassment.JunChenprobablywasnotevenawarethat hewas smilingwhen hefirst went intothe officeto apologize,yehedid make an effort tosmilewhenhesawPetergettingangry.For JunChen, thesmilewasan importantpartof theapology.As a result,he could not understand why Peter got angry when he gave a sincere apology.NorthAmericanperspective:Beyond thinking that Jun Chen was not really sorryfor themistake,Petermight actuallytakethesmileas smirking,a signof disrespect.A Westerner in Jun Chen's situation would probablykeephis eyes lowered, especiallyduring the time he was apologizing.When promising to correct thesituation and to avoid making the same mistake, a Westerner would expect the employee tolookhim inthe eye and definitelynotto smile.Depending onthenature of themistake,Petermighteventually attempt to reassure Jun Chen that"not real harm was done"or that"It's okay,we'vebeen able to correct the problem”and then compliment Jun Chen on hismaturely acceptingresponsibility.They might part by shaking hands.This would be done by Peter to show that heaccepted Jun Chen's apology and to attempt to rebuild agood working relationshipbetween thetwo, or at least ease the tension that Jun Chen was feeling. However, in this case, the mistake

5. Teaching method: Through teacher’s explanation and asking questions, students can understand the related concepts. The teacher will provide students with situation. With the help of multimedia. 6. Teaching Procedure: 6.1 Letter: Pete’s First Day in China Case 1: Interpreting a Smile Peter is the general manager of an American company in China. Recently, Jun Chen, one of the Chinese managers made a mistake at work that caused some difficulties that required a lot of effort to fix. Jun Chen was very upset about what had happened, and came to Peter’s office to make a formal apology. Jun Chen went into Peter’s office after being told to, smiling before he spoke. “Peter, I’ve been feeling very upset about the trouble I’ve caused for the company. I’m here to apologize for my mistake. I’m terribly sorry about it and I want you to know that it will never happen again.” Jun Chen said, looking at Peter with the smile he had been wearing since he walked into the office. Peter found it hard to accept the apology. He looked at Jun Chen, and asked, “are you sure?” “Yes, I’m very sorry and I promise this won’t happen again,” Jun Chen said, with a smile even broader than before. “I’m sorry I just can’t take your apology. You don’t look sorry at all!” Peter said angrily. Jun Chen’s face turned very red. He did not in the least expect Peter to take it negatively. He was desperate to make himself understood. “Peter,” he managed to smile again, “trust me, no one can feel any more sorry than I do about it.” Peter was almost furious by now, “if you’re that sorry, how can you still smile?”  Chinese perspective: It may be difficult for Westerners to believe that smiling for the Chinese not only means that someone is happy, but also that he/she is sorry. It is desirable for a Chinese to apologize with a smile, which indicates humbleness and embarrassment. Jun Chen probably was not even aware that he was smiling when he first went into the office to apologize, ye he did make an effort to smile when he saw Peter getting angry. For Jun Chen, the smile was an important part of the apology. As a result, he could not understand why Peter got angry when he gave a sincere apology.  North American perspective: Beyond thinking that Jun Chen was not really sorry for the mistake, Peter might actually take the smile as smirking, a sign of disrespect. A Westerner in Jun Chen’s situation would probably keep his eyes lowered, especially during the time he was apologizing. When promising to correct the situation and to avoid making the same mistake, a Westerner would expect the employee to look him in the eye and definitely not to smile. Depending on the nature of the mistake, Peter might eventually attempt to reassure Jun Chen that “not real harm was done” or that “It’s okay, we’ve been able to correct the problem” and then compliment Jun Chen on his maturely accepting responsibility. They might part by shaking hands. This would be done by Peter to show that he accepted Jun Chen’s apology and to attempt to rebuild a good working relationship between the two, or at least ease the tension that Jun Chen was feeling. However, in this case, the mistake

perception of a smile madean awkward situation worse.Case 2: Interpreting a LaughHuihua, a Chinese student, and Mary,an American student studying Chinese in China, were ontheirwaytoabookstore.Astheygottothebookstore,theysawayoungmanwalkingdownaflight of stairs. In his hurry, he missed the last two steps, and fell on the ground. He struggled toget back to his feet while people around him laughed.Fortunately,he seemed to be O.KMary was worried. She found Huihua smiling a little and was not comfortable about it.“Tell me,Huihua, how could people laugh when someonefell like that?Do they care at all? Shouldn't theygoupand ask theyoung man whether he was hurt?"Huihua said, “they knew he wasn't hurt too much."“But I still don't' understand. A fall is a fall. In my culture, people would do anything but laugh!". Chinese perspective:This is another example in which the Chinese and the Westerner interpret a smile differently. Asmentioned in the last case, Chinese people resort to laugh or smile when they feel embarrassed.Very often, the person caught in the embarrassing situation would also laugh or make a joke,toease the embarrassment.However, if someone gets hurt seriously,it will not be a laughing matterany more. People will help him/her instead.NorthAmericanperspective:A Westerner would interpret laughter in such a setting as a sign of either insensitivity or, worse,pleasure that the person falling had hurt himself/herself because that person was disliked.AWesterner's response would have been to rush over, assist the person up, and to inquire about anyinjury by saying something like,"Are you okay?"If a Westernerfell, they,like a Chinese person,might attempt to make a joke out of the incident if they were not hurt. If two close friends arewalking together, and one trips but clearly isn't hurt, a common joke is to say "Have a nicetrip"--- a pun based on two very different meanings of “"trip":one meaning a vacation, the othermeaning“to stumble"However,thisjokewould bemade onlybetweentwopeoplewhokneweachotherwell.6.2InterculturalCommunicationWhat are some reasons whypeople of different cultures maymisunderstand each other?What are the three things we need to learn if we want to be able to communicateeffectively with Westerners?What are the main purposes of this course?6.3Encounter:TheGift (Ideological and Political Education)Why do people give gifts?People give gifts for a variety of reasons::To build and maintain personal or business relationships:To promote goodwill.Topromotebusinessproductsorservices.To enhance the image and reputation of the company

perception of a smile made an awkward situation worse. Case 2: Interpreting a Laugh Huihua, a Chinese student, and Mary, an American student studying Chinese in China, were on their way to a bookstore. As they got to the bookstore, they saw a young man walking down a flight of stairs. In his hurry, he missed the last two steps, and fell on the ground. He struggled to get back to his feet while people around him laughed. Fortunately, he seemed to be O. K. Mary was worried. She found Huihua smiling a little and was not comfortable about it. “Tell me, Huihua, how could people laugh when someone fell like that? Do they care at all? Shouldn’t they go up and ask the young man whether he was hurt?” Huihua said, “they knew he wasn’t hurt too much.” “But I still don't’ understand. A fall is a fall. In my culture, people would do anything but laugh!”  Chinese perspective: This is another example in which the Chinese and the Westerner interpret a smile differently. As mentioned in the last case, Chinese people resort to laugh or smile when they feel embarrassed. Very often, the person caught in the embarrassing situation would also laugh or make a joke, to ease the embarrassment. However, if someone gets hurt seriously, it will not be a laughing matter any more. People will help him/her instead.  North American perspective: A Westerner would interpret laughter in such a setting as a sign of either insensitivity or, worse, pleasure that the person falling had hurt himself/herself because that person was disliked. A Westerner’s response would have been to rush over, assist the person up, and to inquire about any injury by saying something like, “Are you okay?” If a Westerner fell, they, like a Chinese person, might attempt to make a joke out of the incident if they were not hurt. If two close friends are walking together, and one trips but clearly isn’t hurt, a common joke is to say “Have a nice trip”- a pun based on two very different meanings of “trip”: one meaning a vacation, the other meaning “to stumble”. However, this joke would be made only between two people who knew each other well. 6.2 Intercultural Communication  What are some reasons why people of different cultures may misunderstand each other?  What are the three things we need to learn if we want to be able to communicate effectively with Westerners?  What are the main purposes of this course? 6.3 Encounter: The Gift (Ideological and Political Education） Why do people give gifts? People give gifts for a variety of reasons: • To build and maintain personal or business relationships • To promote goodwill • To promote business products or services • To enhance the image and reputation of the company

Inappropriate Items France Gifts with a business card, wine Germany Beer Mexico Silver Middle East leather products made out of pigskin, alcohol, gold or silk for men • flower language Flowers occupy a uniquely acceptable place in gift giving, suitable almost for any occasion . They cannot be mistaken for bribe. However, flowers also have specific cultural associations which differ in each country. It is very important to know the shared meanings of flowers in other countries when cross-cultural floral gifts are exchanged. It’s a kind of language which is used for expressing one’s emotion or desire by flowers. It forms under a certain historical condition, and is accepted by particular populations. If you want to appreciate flowers, you should know the language well. It’s the core of flower culture. The language has no sound, but the implication and emotion is beyond words. Gift- giving Customs in America: An American woman living in Wisconsin volunteered to tutor English to a Japanese woman who had moved into the same community. “Before each lesson, and on each and every visit,” the American reported, “the Japanese lady brought me a gift — a book, some paper sculpture, flowers, or candy. It was embarrassing.” In America, lavish, extravagant gifts are definitely out. The luxurious gifts will give people pressure, and they will speculate the purpose. An appropriate alternate to a gift is to take the deserving person to dinner, or to an entertainment or sporting event. On the contrary, gift giving is an institution and a revered custom in Japan. Americans think that singular number means lucky. They will open and appreciate the gift at once and say thanks. 送礼时说“I hope you’ll like it.” ，不要说“小意思，不成敬意。”，“东西不好，请笑纳。”等中国人送礼时常爱讲的话。这类话会让外国人觉得你看不起他们。 7、Assignment: discuss the following questions ◆What is a culture? ◆What is Western culture? ◆What are stereotypes?

service person, and to acknowledge that they did an excellent jobYou can tip more or less depending on how good you thought the service was,and the average tip is around 10-20%. So if you loved your new 50 poundhaircut, you should add another 5-10 pounds onto your bill, and this will godirectly to the hairdresser! If you didn't like the service, don't tip! This is thecase even if'service'has been added to your bill. If you didn't like the service,you can always refuse to pay. Or if you are a student, traveler on a budget, orsimply can't afford to, it's also ok not to spend the extra money.In the US,you will often hear'tips'called'service'.It is essential to tip in theUSbecause the waitresses, bar staff, maids in these industries are paid a low wagewhich they cannot afford to live on, and therefore your tip is much needed bythem.It is actually part of the payment that you make and very often is not optional!Especially in restaurants, if you do not pay the service, you have not paid yourentire bill, so watch out!Why should we pay tip?TipsareimportantincomeforlowserviceworkersTo express respects to what the waiters have done for them, butalsoaccreditation and gratitude to the waiters' work.+To reflect guestspersonal accomplishment and self-cultivation.Towhom should wepaytip?The staff in bars, cafe,restaurant, hotels,hairdressers, and thedrivers oftaxis.UKUSeYese餐馆Optional（可付可不付）Yes咖啡厅。Optionale美发厅OptionaleYesYese的士OptionaleNoeNo公交车#6.2 Letter to Fran: AHelping Hand(Ideological and Political Education)Case 1:Showing ConcernXiao Li (an interpreter):You must be very tired. You're Old...Catherine (an elderly American lady): Oh, I'm NOT old, and I'm NOT tired.老人&seniorcitizen中国人历来就有“尊老敬老"的传统。“老在中文里表达尊敬的概念，如老祖宗，老爷爷，老先生等。“老张”，“老王”，透着尊敬和亲热，“张老”“王老”更是尊崇有加。中国人往往以年龄大为荣。和别人谈话时，年龄越大，资格越老，也就越会得到别人的尊敬。“姜还是老的辣”。在我们看来，长者不仅

service person, and to acknowledge that they did an excellent job. You can tip more or less depending on how good you thought the service was, and the average tip is around 10-20%. So if you loved your new 50 pound haircut, you should add another 5-10 pounds onto your bill, and this will go directly to the hairdresser! If you didn't like the service, don't tip! This is the case even if 'service' has been added to your bill. If you didn't like the service, you can always refuse to pay. Or if you are a student, traveler on a budget, or simply can't afford to, it's also ok not to spend the extra money. In the US, you will often hear 'tips' called 'service'. It is essential to tip in the US, because the waitresses, bar staff, maids in these industries are paid a low wage which they cannot afford to live on, and therefore your tip is much needed by them. It is actually part of the payment that you make and very often is not optional! Especially in restaurants, if you do not pay the service, you have not paid your entire bill, so watch out! Why should we pay tip? ◆Tips are important income for low service workers. ◆ To express respects to what the waiters have done for them, but also accreditation and gratitude to the waiters’ work. ◆ To reflect guests’ personal accomplishment and self-cultivation. To whom should we pay tip? The staff in bars, cafe, restaurant, hotels, hairdressers, and the drivers of taxis. 6.2 Letter to Fran: A Helping Hand(Ideological and Political Education） Case 1:Showing Concern Xiao Li (an interpreter): You must be very tired. You’re Old. Catherine (an elderly American lady): Oh, I’m NOT old, and I’m NOT tired. 老人 & senior citizen 中国人历来就有“尊老敬老”的传统。“老”在中文里表达尊敬的概念，如老祖宗，老爷爷，老先生等。“老张”，“老王”，透着尊敬和亲热，“张老”“王老” 更是尊崇有加。中国人往往以年龄大为荣。和别人谈话时，年龄越大，资格越老，也就越会得到别人的尊敬。“姜还是老的辣”。在我们看来，长者不仅

是智慧的化身，也是威望的象征。西方国家极少有人愿意倚老卖老而自称"old"。在他们看来，“old"是“不中用”的代名词，是和“不合潮流”“老而无用”的含义连在一起的。英美人不喜欢别人说自已老，更不会倚老卖老。在西方文化中，他们把年龄作为个人极为重要的隐私看待。尤其是女士，更忌讳别人问自己的年龄。即使愿意谈论自己的年龄，也要别人猜测其年龄，而此时，他们的真正目的的期望别人恭维他们看上去比实际年龄小，是多么年轻。Self-reliance:Western cultures tend to place more emphasis on self-reliancethan collectivistcultures do. This is especially true of American culture, in which self-relianceapproaches the importance of a religion.Most Americans take considerablepridein their ability to do things for themselves rather than relying on help from others.Infact,Americanswillsometimesprefertogothroughconsiderabledifficultyinorder to do something for themselves (perhaps not doing it very well), rather thanhaving others do it for them.The other side of this coin is thatAmericans expect other people to also beself-reliant, and while Americans are often quite willing to help those theyconsider in genuine need, there is little sympathy for those who are not perceivedas trying to help themselves. It is often felt that help should be deserved7, Assignment: discuss the following question?What is individualist culture?O.What is collectivist culture?Whataresomedifferencesbetweenan individualistcultureandacollectivist one?.Are all Westerners individualist?.AreallChinesecollectivist?Unit 31. Teaching Objective:Learning this unit, the students should know:. The different attitudes toward correcting one's mistakes between languageteachersinChinaandthoseintheWest.-The differences of education between China and the West.How to respond to someone's compliment.Strengthen one's culturalconfidence and being neither humble nor pushy.(Ideological and PoliticalEducation Objective)Differenceinrank and power2.Teaching Focus: the different educational philosophy in China and the West3.TeachingDifficulty:respondingto compliments

是智慧的化身，也是威望的象征。西方国家极少有人愿意倚老卖老而自称”old”。在他们看来，“old”是“不中用” 的代名词，是和“不合潮流”“老而无用”的含义连在一起的。英美人不喜欢别人说自己老，更不会倚老卖老。在西方文化中，他们把年龄作为个人极为重要的隐私看待。尤其是女士，更忌讳别人问自己的年龄。即使愿意谈论自己的年龄，也要别人猜测其年龄，而此时，他们的真正目的的期望别人恭维他们看上去比实际年龄小，是多么年轻。 Self-reliance: Western cultures tend to place more emphasis on self-reliance than collectivist cultures do. This is especially true of American culture, in which self-reliance approaches the importance of a religion. Most Americans take considerable pride in their ability to do things for themselves rather than relying on help from others. In fact, Americans will sometimes prefer to go through considerable difficulty in order to do something for themselves (perhaps not doing it very well), rather than having others do it for them. The other side of this coin is that Americans expect other people to also be self-reliant, and while Americans are often quite willing to help those they consider in genuine need, there is little sympathy for those who are not perceived as trying to help themselves. It is often felt that help should be deserved 7、Assignment: discuss the following question?  What is individualist culture?  What is collectivist culture?  What are some differences between an individualist culture and a collectivist one?  Are all Westerners individualist?  Are all Chinese collectivist? Unit 3 1. Teaching Objective: Learning this unit, the students should know:  The different attitudes toward correcting one’s mistakes between language teachers in China and those in the West.  The differences of education between China and the West.  How to respond to someone’s compliment. Strengthen one’s cultural confidence and being neither humble nor pushy. (Ideological and Political Education Objective）  Difference in rank and power 2. Teaching Focus: the different educational philosophy in China and the West 3. Teaching Difficulty: responding to compliments