Lesson 8 A Rose for Emily I.Time Allocation and Teaching Procedure:(about 8 classes) The 1st session (two classes):1.students'presentations(for the purpose of checking up students'preview of the text) s comment on the ulary 4.additiona The 2ion out the author and on two classes)】 teacher's interpretatio n of the meaning of difficult language points,and rhe orical devices (two cla erpretation of the text e sses ents to sum up explaini out from th 4.supplemental exercises ee a.translation II.Obje ives A Conten To discuss the meaning(s)of the title and theme (s)of the novel To leamn about language points B.Style and Strategies ● To analysis the point of view o To analyze the narrative structure of the novel. To analyze the rhetorical devices employed in the novel L.Topies for Presentations What was Emily's relationship with the community of the town? What is this story about? The story is focused on conflicts.What are the opposing forces in these conflicts? II.Additional Material 1 About the author William Faulkner undoubtedly ranks one of the best and most influential writers both in America and in the world.Among his various works of art.the most famous ones are those set in his fictional Yoknapatawpha County,which is molded out of his "native soil."Despite their Southern setting,these works convey something universally true.As Faulkner often claims,he is just a story-teller,telling about man in conflict, about how he "endures and prevails."Before he received due recognition, Faulkner wrote quite a few short stories which he expected would help him improve his economic condition.so that he could write novels at ease.Nevertheless,although he was motivated by economic interests,many of these short stories tumed out very prominent.His effective use of the stream of consciousness,multiple points of view,symbolism and imagery,place him
Lesson 8 A Rose for Emily I. Time Allocation and Teaching Procedure: ( about 8 classes) The 1 st session (two classes): 1. students’ presentations (for the purpose of checking up students’ preview of the text) 2. teacher’s comment on the presentations 3. vocabulary (Textbook: 110-111) 4. additional information about the author and the text The 2nd session (two classes): teacher’s interpretation of the meaning of some difficult sentences, language points, and rhetorical devices The3rd session (two classes): continuation of the interpretation of the text The 4th session ( two classes): 1. asking students to sum up the main idea 2. explaining some useful words and expressions picked out from the text; 3. exercises in the textbook 4.supplemental exercises— a. translation b. proofreading II. Objectives A. Content ⚫ To discuss the meaning(s) of the title and theme (s) of the novel ⚫ To learn about language points B. Style and Strategies ⚫ To analysis the point of view ⚫ To analyze the narrative structure of the novel. ⚫ To analyze the rhetorical devices employed in the novel I. Topics for Presentations ⚫ What was Emily’s relationship with the community of the town? ⚫ What is this story about? ⚫ The story is focused on conflicts. What are the opposing forces in these conflicts? II. Additional Material 1 About the author William Faulkner undoubtedly ranks one of the best and most influential writers both in America and in the world. Among his various works of art, the most famous ones are those set in his fictional Yoknapatawpha County, which is molded out of his “native soil.” Despite their Southern setting, these works convey something universally true. As Faulkner often claims, he is just a story-teller, telling about man in conflict, about how he “endures and prevails.” Before he received due recognition, Faulkner wrote quite a few short stories which he expected would help him improve his economic condition, so that he could write novels at ease. Nevertheless, although he was motivated by economic interests, many of these short stories turned out very prominent. His effective use of the stream of consciousness, multiple points of view, symbolism and imagery, place him
among the rank of the greatest modem writers along with James Joyce and Virginia Woolf.He was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1950. 2 Some characteristics of Gothic novels:(a trend in the English literature of the latter half of the 18th century)Evil forces dominate the world,and it is futile to struggle against one's fate.The mysterious element plays an enormous role in the Gothic novel;it is so replete with bloodcurdling,horrible and violent scenes and unnatural feelings that it is justly called"a novel of horrors" A Rose for Emily contains some features of Gothic fiction.The author's purpose is to create an atmosphere best suited for displaying the perverse character of Emily and telling an appalling story about her. III Teaching Points Part 1 (Paras.1-14) 1 Para.1 tells us who is the main character-Miss Emily,and who is the narrator-"we"the ordinary people of the town-as the collective narrator.Q:Why does the author choose this collective narrator? The Chinese version of para.1艾米利·格利尔森小姐去世时，全镇的人都参加了葬礼. 男人们是出于一种学收，因为一个纪念碑倒下了·女人们则大多出于想要到她屋里去看一 看的好奇之心，因为除了一个花匠兼作厨师的老男仆之外，起码有10年没别的人踏进地家 的大门了。 Para.2 provides the setting of the story:the place-southern town of Jefferson,time-after the civil war. 3 Q:What is the implied meaning of the description of the appearance of Miss Emily's house? 4 The heavily lightsome style of the seventies.our most select street:1)the house was built in 1870s after the Civil War.2)lightsome style:a fancy and frivolous style花哨轻浮的风格"lightsome”originally means free from care, frivolous,轻率的3)select(adj上excellent,outstanding,.limited to the use of people of high social class or great wealth.苛择的，优等的e.g.We only stay at select hotels.我们只住一流的旅馆. 5 *But garages and cotton gins had encroached and obliterated even the august names of that neighborhood:1)garage:a place where motor vehicles are stored,repaired,serviced 2)A coquettish woman acts in a playful way to get men's attention.3)encroach:intrude on 4)obliterate:remove all signs 5) Paraphrase the meaning:There used to be houses of best families in this
among the rank of the greatest modern writers along with James Joyce and Virginia Woolf. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1950. 2 Some characteristics of Gothic novels: (a trend in the English literature of the latter half of the 18th century) Evil forces dominate the world, and it is futile to struggle against one’s fate. The mysterious element plays an enormous role in the Gothic novel; it is so replete with bloodcurdling, horrible and violent scenes and unnatural feelings that it is justly called “a novel of horrors”. A Rose for Emily” contains some features of Gothic fiction. The author’s purpose is to create an atmosphere best suited for displaying the perverse character of Emily and telling an appalling story about her. III Teaching Points Part 1 (Paras.1—14 ) 1 Para.1 tells us who is the main character—Miss Emily, and who is the narrator—“we” the ordinary people of the town—as the collective narrator. Q: Why does the author choose this collective narrator? 2 The Chinese version of para.1 艾米利·格利尔森小姐去世时，全镇的人都参加了葬礼。 男人们是出于一种尊敬，因为一个纪念碑倒下了。女人们则大多出于想要到她屋里去看一 看的好奇之心，因为除了一个花匠兼作厨师的老男仆之外，起码有 10 年没别的人踏进她家 的大门了。 Para. 2 provides the setting of the story: the place—southern town of Jefferson, time—after the civil war. 3 Q: What is the implied meaning of the description of the appearance of Miss Emily’s house? 4 The heavily lightsome style of the seventies.our most select street: 1) the house was built in 1870s after the Civil War. 2) lightsome style: a fancy and frivolous style 花哨轻浮的风格 “lightsome” originally means free from care, frivolous,轻率的 3) select (adj.): excellent, outstanding, limited to the use of people of high social class or great wealth.苛择的，优等的 e.g. We only stay at select hotels.我们只住一流的旅馆。 5 *But garages and cotton gins had encroached and obliterated even the august names of that neighborhood: 1) garage: a place where motor vehicles are stored, repaired, serviced 2) A coquettish woman acts in a playful way to get men’s attention. 3) encroach: intrude on 4) obliterate: remove all signs 5) Paraphrase the meaning: There used to be houses of best families in this
exclusive street,but then great changes took place,garages and cotton gins (symbolizing the modem society and modem trade )took their place,wiping out the aristocratic traces in that neighborhood except for Miss Emily's house,though it was decaying and ugly-looking. 6 An eyesore among eyesores:shows that the narrator do not think well of Emily's house,nor does he have good opinions on garages and cotton gin-symbols of modernity.eyesore:something ugly to look at 7 And now Miss Emily had gone to join.at the battle of Jefferson:1)bemused: lost in thought:confused,puzzled,e.g.a bemused expression on his face 2)the ranked graves:the graves arranged in rows Para.3 8who fathered the edict that.from the death of her father on into perpetuity father:invent,.eg.he fathered the concept of the welfare state他首先提出了福利 国家这个概念。 9 *Not that Miss Emily would have accepted charity:1)This sentence means that Miss Emily would not have accepted the charity.2):Why wouldn she have accepted that? 10 Only a man ofColonel Sartoris'generation and thought could have invented it, and only a woman could have believed it:1)(After the war,the big plantations declined with the South,The owners of plantations became poor,their wives and daughter felt embarrassed and shabby for devoid of decent dresses to wear when going out.)Sartoris,a man from another aristocratic family in the town, had a strong traditional idea about how white women of upper class should be treated and respected,though their families had declined.So he knew quite well what Emily needed and how she felt now,then he made up atale like this in order to make his aid to Emily acceptable and reasonable.2)Q:What is the implication of the words-and only a woman could have believed if? Para.4 11 When the next generation,with its more modern ideas,became mayors and aldermen:1)This sentence indicates that by now Colonel Sartoris had died, and many years had passed.2)This para.illustrates two things:the different attitudes of the older generation and the younger generation toward Emily,and Emily 's arrogance-she only replied the mayor's letter,paying no attention to the notice and the letter from the aldermen Para.5 12.ceased giving china-painting lessons:china painting:a traditional
exclusive street, but then great changes took place, garages and cotton gins (symbolizing the modern society and modern trade ) took their place, wiping out the aristocratic traces in that neighborhood ( except for Miss Emily ’s house, though it was decaying and ugly-looking. ) 6 An eyesore among eyesores: shows that the narrator do not think well of Emily’s house, nor does he have good opinions on garages and cotton gin—symbols of modernity. eyesore: something ugly to look at 7 And now Miss Emily had gone to join . at the battle of Jefferson: 1) bemused: lost in thought；confused，puzzled，e.g. a bemused expression on his face 2) the ranked graves：the graves arranged in rows Para.3 8 .who fathered the edict that.from the death of her father on into perpetuity: father: invent, e.g. he fathered the concept of the welfare state 他首先提出了福利 国家这个概念。 9 *Not that Miss Emily would have accepted charity: 1) This sentence means that Miss Emily would not have accepted the charity. 2) Q: Why wouldn’t she have accepted that? 10 Only a man of Colonel Sartoris’generation and thought could have invented it, and only a woman could have believed it: 1) (After the war, the big plantations declined with the South, The owners of plantations became poor, their wives and daughter felt embarrassed and shabby for devoid of decent dresses to wear when going out.) Sartoris, a man from another aristocratic family in the town, had a strong traditional idea about how white women of upper class should be treated and respected, though their families had declined. So he knew quite well what Emily needed and how she felt now, then he made up a tale like this in order to make his aid to Emily acceptable and reasonable. 2) Q: What is the implication of the words—and only a woman could have believed it? Para.4 11 When the next generation, with its more modern ideas, became mayors and aldermen: 1) This sentence indicates that by now Colonel Sartoris had died, and many years had passed. 2) This para. illustrates two things: the different attitudes of the older generation and the younger generation toward Emily, and Emily ‘s arrogance—she only replied the mayor’s letter, paying no attention to the notice and the letter from the aldermen. Para.5 12 .ceased giving china-painting lessons: china painting: a traditional
decorative skill and a common pastime for well-to-do women at that time. Emily gave china-painting lessons in order to earn some money 13 .into a dim hall from which a stairway mounted into still more shadow: Being"dim:and"shadow"no one could see clearly inside the house,and also because of dim and shadow.there was a mysterious atmosphere there. 14 It smelled of dust and disuse-a close,dank smell:1)dust and disuse: alliteration,disuse:lack of use 2)dank damp,moist and chilly 15 When the Negro opened the blinds of one window.in the single sunray:1) This sentence indicates that the window shade was usually closed.It explains the bad smell in the house,and on the other hand,the sentence proved that Emily wanted a life separated from the outside world.2)the leather was cracked:cracked:broken but without dividing into two parts l6 easel wooden frame used to hold a picture画架 Para.6 17 Her skeleton was small and spareobesity in her:1)spare:rather thin,e.g. She is tall and spare.2)plumpness:full and round in form,being chubby 3) obesiry:excessively fat,overweight 18 She looked bloated.like a body long submerged in motionless water and of that pallid hue:1)In this sentence Emily is described as a dead person, drowned,swollen and pale.Both the house and the owner are in decay. Shutting herself from the outside world,and living in self-isolation,Emily seemed like a living corpse.2)bloated:swollen l9 The Chinese version of this para.:当她进米的时候他们站了起来-一个个子 矮小，身体肥胖，身者黑衣的女人，一根细细的项链垂挂在腰际，消失在腰带之中， 她挂着一根黑檀木拐杖，金色的杖项己失去光泽。她的身架瘦小，也许换了别人只 是有点丰满，而到了她就显得过度肥胖。她看起来浮肿不堪，脸色惨白，就像一具 长久浸泡在死水中的尸体，当来访者陈述他们的差事时，她脸上那双深陷在隆起的 脂肪中的眼睛从一个人的脸上扫到另一个人的脸上，两只眼睛就像两颗被揉进了生 面团的小煤球一样。 Para.10 20 "Perhaps he considers himself the sheriff."Emily's remark shows that she only acknowledged the authority of Colonel Sartoris.She was very arrogant and stubborn. Para.11 21 There is nothing on the books to show that.must go by the.:1)There is no written document to show that.You see we must abide by the written
decorative skill and a common pastime for well-to-do women at that time, Emily gave china-painting lessons in order to earn some money. 13 .into a dim hall from which a stairway mounted into still more shadow: Being “dim: and “shadow” no one could see clearly inside the house, and also because of dim and shadow, there was a mysterious atmosphere there. 14 It smelled of dust and disuse—a close, dank smell: 1) dust and disuse: alliteration, disuse: lack of use 2) dank: damp, moist and chilly 15 When the Negro opened the blinds of one window,. in the single sunray: 1) This sentence indicates that the window shade was usually closed. It explains the bad smell in the house, and on the other hand, the sentence proved that Emily wanted a life separated from the outside world. 2) the leather was cracked: cracked: broken but without dividing into two parts 16 easel: wooden frame used to hold a picture 画架 Para.6 17 Her skeleton was small and spare.obesity in her：1) spare: rather thin, e.g. She is tall and spare. 2) plumpness: full and round in form, being chubby 3) obesity: excessively fat, overweight 18 She looked bloated, like a body long submerged in motionless water, and of that pallid hue: 1) In this sentence Emily is described as a dead person, drowned, swollen and pale. Both the house and the owner are in decay. Shutting herself from the outside world, and living in self-isolation, Emily seemed like a living corpse. 2) bloated: swollen 19 The Chinese version of this para.: 当她进来的时候他们站了起来――一个个子 矮小，身体肥胖，身着黑衣的女人，一根细细的项链垂挂在腰际，消失在腰带之中， 她拄着一根黑檀木拐杖，金色的杖项已失去光泽。她的身架瘦小，也许换了别人只 是有点丰满，而到了她就显得过度肥胖。她看起来浮肿不堪，脸色惨白，就像一具 长久浸泡在死水中的尸体，当来访者陈述他们的差事时，她脸上那双深陷在隆起的 脂肪中的眼睛从一个人的脸上扫到另一个人的脸上，两只眼睛就像两颗被揉进了生 面团的小煤球一样。 Para.10 20 “Perhaps he considers himself the sheriff.” Emily’s remark shows that she only acknowledged the authority of Colonel Sartoris. She was very arrogant and stubborn. Para.11 21 There is nothing on the books to show that,. must go by the .: 1) There is no written document to show that. You see we must abide by the written
documents2)on the books:记录在案的，已登记入扇的e.g.He claimed to have been graduated from this college,but his name is not on the books. Para.14 22 "See Colonel Sartoris."1)From the novel Sartoris we know that The Young Colonel died in 1919.Therefore we can guess that the deputation's visit to Emily should be around 1928-29.2)Emily 's insistence on their seeing Colonel Sartoris,who had been dead,proved she refused to acknowledge changes Part2 Paras.15-28)） Para.15 23 So she vanquished them.horse and foot,just as she had vanquished their fathers thirty years before about the smell:1)vanquish:to defeat:to conquer,e.g.to vanquish one's fear 2)horse and foor:a military idiom. meaning totall 24 A short time after her sweetheart.had deserted her:The narrator seems to mention this event casually at the moment though the reader can find it is an important detail which the narrator will come back to.This is one of Faulkner's tricks of creating suspense. 25 temerity:foolish or rash boldness,rashness,e.g.He had the temerity to ask his boss's permission for3days'leave.他目失地请求老板给他批三天的假。 Para.16 26*“ius1 as if a ma -any man-could keep a kitchen properly."the ladies said.when the smell developed:The remark shows that the ladies were not surprised when the smell became more and more stinking because they didn't believe a man,or any man,could keep a kitchen clean. 27 It was another link between the gross.teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons: )“n”refers to the complaint about the smell 2)gross coarse,.disgusting.令人 恶心的，粗俗的，无礼的e.g.His gross behavior surprised us.3)teeming:full of creature. e.g.a teeming street一条熙e摧攘的大街4)high and might:arrogant,too proud and certain of one's own importance Para.21 28 The next day he received two more complaints,one from a man who came in diffident deprecation:1).one from a man who expressed his disapproval shyly.2)diffident:timid,shy,lack of self-confidence,胆怯的，缺乏自信的e.g He was diffident about his opinions.3)deprecation:expression of strong
documents 2) on the books: 记录在案的，已登记入册的 e.g. He claimed to have been graduated from this college, but his name is not on the books. Para.14 22 “See Colonel Sartoris.” 1) From the novel Sartoris we know that The Young Colonel died in 1919. Therefore we can guess that the deputation ’s visit to Emily should be around 1928—29. 2) Emily ‘s insistence on their seeing Colonel Sartoris, who had been dead, proved she refused to acknowledge changes Part 2 (Paras. 15—28 ) Para.15 23 So she vanquished them, horse and foot, just as she had vanquished their fathers thirty years before about the smell: 1）vanquish: to defeat；to conquer, e.g. to vanquish one’s fear 2) horse and foot: a military idiom, meaning totally 24 A short time after her sweetheart.had deserted her: The narrator seems to mention this event casually at the moment though the reader can find it is an important detail which the narrator will come back to. This is one of Faulkner’s tricks of creating suspense. 25 temerity: foolish or rash boldness, rashness, e.g. He had the temerity to ask his boss’s permission for 3 days’ leave. 他冒失地请求老板给他批三天的假。 Para.16 26 *“just as if a man—any man—could keep a kitchen properly,” the ladies said.when the smell developed: The remark shows that the ladies were not surprised when the smell became more and more stinking because they didn’t believe a man, or any man, could keep a kitchen clean. 27 It was another link between the gross, teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons: 1）“It”refers to the complaint about the smell 2) gross: coarse, disgusting, 令人 恶心的，粗俗的，无礼的 e.g. His gross behavior surprised us. 3) teeming: full of creature. e.g. a teeming street 一条熙熙攘攘的大街 4) high and might: arrogant, too proud and certain of one’s own importance Para.21 28 The next day he received two more complaints, one from a man who came in diffident deprecation: 1).one from a man who expressed his disapproval shyly. 2） diffident: timid, shy, lack of self-confidence, 胆怯的,缺乏自信的 e.g. He was diffident about his opinions. 3) deprecation: expression of strong
disapproval不赞成、反对 Para.23 29 Will you accuse a lady to her face of smelling bad?:1)Judge Steven didn't approve of asking Emily to clean up the kitchen in her presence.2)to ones face:in one's presence,.openly.当着的面，直奉地e.g.He never told a lie to his mother's face Para.24 30 shnk about:to slink about means to move about secretly.or in a lurking way 31 As they recrossed the lawn,a window that had been dark was lighted and Miss Emily sat in it,the light behind her.as that of an idol:Emily sat with the light behind her.What people could only see was her silhouette.She sat there just like an idol,or a goddess (implying she didn't look like a living being). This is one of the images of Miss Emily in the story.There are other images of Emily in the story Para.25 32 We had long thought of them as a tableau.the two of them framed by the back-flung front door:1)tableau:a striking scene or picture,frozen in time for dramatic effect,画面，场景，spraddle:to spread the legs in a straddling way 2)back flung:向后开的3)Q:How do interpret the meaning in these description?4)我们长久以来把他们当作一隔动人的画面：艾米利小姐身着白色衣服，身材 苗条藏在后面，她的父亲侧着身子叉开两挡在前面，他背对着她，手里紧捏着一根马鞭，他们 两人刚好都在向后打开的前门框架之中。 Para 26 33 It got about that.:get about (of news,etc.)spread,circulate,e.g.The news of their winning a prize in the lottery soon got about. 34 "Now she too would knew the old thrill and the old despair of a penny more or less:1) Being poor,now she would learn to appreciate the value of money like other people in the town 2)old:familiar,heard or seen many times before 3)The word“oul only illustrates "we"narrator's point of view. Para.27 35 Ask students to answer the question:Can you explain why Emily refused to let anybody in her house? 36 dispose of(sth):get rid of,destroy,e.g.a.I can dispose of your argument quite easily.我可以轻而易举地驳倒你的论点.b.The factory is about to dispose of a number of its workers这家工厂即将解m一批工人. 37 break down:(1)(here)lose control of one's feelings,e.g.She is the kind that
disapproval 不赞成、反对 Para. 23 29 Will you accuse a lady to her face of smelling bad?: 1) Judge Steven didn’t approve of asking Emily to clean up the kitchen in her presence. 2) to one’s face: in one’s presence, openly.当着.的面,直率地 e.g. He never told a lie to his mother’s face. Para. 24 30 slunk about: to slink about means to move about secretly, or in a lurking way 31 As they recrossed the lawn, a window that had been dark was lighted and Miss Emily sat in it, the light behind her. as that of an idol: Emily sat with the light behind her. What people could only see was her silhouette. She sat there just like an idol, or a goddess (implying she didn’t look like a living being). This is one of the images of Miss Emily in the story. There are other images of Emily in the story. Para.25 32 We had long thought of them as a tableau.the two of them framed by the back-flung front door: 1) tableau: a striking scene or picture, frozen in time for dramatic effect, 画面，场景， spraddle: to spread the legs in a straddling way 2) back-flung: 向 后 开 的 3) Q: How do interpret the meaning in these description? 4) 我们长久以来把他们当作一幅动人的画面: 艾米利小姐身着白色衣服,身材 苗条藏在后面, 她的父亲侧着身子叉开两腿挡在前面，他背对着她，手里紧握着一根马鞭，他们 两人刚好都在向后打开的前门框架之中。 Para.26 33 It got about that.: get about (of news, etc.) spread, circulate, e.g. The news of their winning a prize in the lottery soon got about. 34 *Now she too would knew the old thrill and the old despair of a penny more or less: 1) Being poor, now she would learn to appreciate the value of money like other people in the town 2) old: familiar, heard or seen many times before 3) The word “would” only illustrates “we” narrator’s point of view. Para.27 35 Ask students to answer the question: Can you explain why Emily refused to let anybody in her house? 36 dispose of (sth): get rid of , destroy, e.g. a. I can dispose of your argument quite easily. 我可以轻而易举地驳倒你的论点。 b. The factory is about to dispose of a number of its workers 这家工厂即将解雇一批工人。 37 break down: (1) (here) lose control of one’s feelings, e.g. She is the kind that
doesn't break down.(2)Another meaning:fail;collapse,e.g.Her health broke down under the pressure of work.工作的压力把他的身体弄垮了。 Para.28 38.and we knew that with nothing left.she would have to cling to that which had robbed her.as people will.1)to cling to that which had robbed her implies that what robbed her of her love,marriage and freedom was not only her father,but the tradition,social force he represented.She would cling to these very same conservative values. Part.3(Paras.29-42 Para 29 39 When we saw her gain,her hair was cut short.making herself look like a girl.sort of tragic and serene:The change of look does indicate something else.But the symbolic meaning of her short hair is rather ambiguous.And people have various interpretations of it.To begin with,since ancient time,a woman's hair has symbolized her sexuality,her cut hair implies her asexuality (无性别.Some people take her cut hair as a symbol that indicates Emily was now a liberated woman.She was determined to change her role as an upper-class genteel lady.This quality can be seen in her courting with Homer Barron,A Yankee foreman,despite the traditional social prejudice. Para.31 40but there were still others.older people,who said that even grief could not cause a real lady to forget noblesse oblige-without calling it noblesse oblige: 1)noblesse oblige:a French term,meaning nobility has its obligations 2) Paraphrase:but there were still others,older people,who said that no matter how sad Miss Emily was over her father's death,she should not forget she had certain obligations as a member of the nobility.though a real lady would not describe her self-restraint by the expression noblesse oblige 41 her father had fallen out with them:fallen out with sb.)quarrel,e.g.a.Jim and Mary fall out every few weeks,but their quarrels never last. b.Most married people fall out over money Para 32 42 This behind their hands.Poor Emily:1)when people whisper they often talk with their hands over their mouths,hence behind their hands(meaning talk in private)2)crane:stretch one's neck to get a better view.3)rustling making of soft sounds4)礼拜天的下午，当拉车的瘦马踏着轻快的步子哒愁驶过时，女
doesn’t break down. (2) Another meaning: fail; collapse, e.g. Her health broke down under the pressure of work.工作的压力把他的身体弄垮了。 Para.28 38 .and we knew that with nothing left, she would have to cling to that which had robbed her, as people will. 1）to cling to that which had robbed her implies that what robbed her of her love, marriage and freedom was not only her father, but the tradition, social force he represented. She would cling to these very same conservative values. Part.3 (Paras.29—42 ) Para.29 39 When we saw her gain, her hair was cut short, making herself look like a girl,.sort of tragic and serene: The change of look does indicate something else. But the symbolic meaning of her short hair is rather ambiguous. And people have various interpretations of it. To begin with, since ancient time, a woman’s hair has symbolized her sexuality, her cut hair implies her asexuality (无性别). Some people take her cut hair as a symbol that indicates Emily was now a liberated woman. She was determined to change her role as an upper-class genteel lady. This quality can be seen in her courting with Homer Barron, A Yankee foreman, despite the traditional social prejudice. Para.31 40 * but there were still others, older people, who said that even grief could not cause a real lady to forget noblesse oblige—without calling it noblesse oblige: 1) noblesse oblige: a French term, meaning nobility has its obligations 2) Paraphrase: but there were still others, older people, who said that no matter how sad Miss Emily was over her father’s death, she should not forget she had certain obligations as a member of the nobility, though a real lady would not describe her self-restraint by the expression noblesse oblige. 41 her father had fallen out with them: fallen out ( with sb.) quarrel, e.g. a. Jim and Mary fall out every few weeks, but their quarrels never last. b. Most married people fall out over money. Para.32 42 This behind their hands.Poor Emily: 1) when people whisper they often talk with their hands over their mouths, hence behind their hands (meaning talk in private) 2) crane: stretch one’s neck to get a better view, 3) rustling: making of soft sounds 4) 礼拜天的下午，当拉车的瘦马踏着轻快的步子哒哒驶过时，女
人们站在百叶窗后伸着脖子，绸缎长裙发出沙沙的响声，人们交头接耳：可怜的艾米利。 Para.33 43 -even when we believed hat she was fallen:fallen:(of a woman)sexually immoral女子已失身的，堕落的 44 as if it had wanted that touch of earthiness to reaffirm her imperviousness:1) impervious:not easily influenced,e.g.be impervious to outside influence 2)earthiness-earthy:concerning with things of the body rather than with things of the mind,csp.in a way that is direct and perhaps impolite混±气息 的，粗俗的 45a face the flesh of which was strained across the temples.as you imagine a lighthouse-keeper's face ought to look:1)Emily's face is compared to the face of a lighthouse-keeper's.A lighthouse-keeper lives a lonely life,the extreme loneliness would show on the face.2)strain:pull or stretch tightly.拉紧，紧 Para 42 46 Her head tilted back in order to look him eye foreye:1)tilt:(here)means to raise her head slightly backward模斜，翘起。 Part4(Paras.43-53 47.and we said it would be the best thing:Why?(The answer can be found in the next para. 48 divulge:to tell or make known,or reveal.divulge sth.to sb.divulge that.; 49 *We were glad because the two female cousins were even more Grierson than Miss Emily had ever been:The townspeople were glad because the two cousins were even more stubborn and self-important than Emily.They were sure that her cousins would urge Emily and Homer Barron to get married quickly so that her public courting would come to an end 50 By that time it was a cabal and we were.to help circumvent the cousins:1) cabal (derog.)a small group of people who make secret plans 2) circumvent:(v.)to avoid or defeat(as if)by passing round,esp.as the result of clevemess巧妙地规罨，设法▣老3)The meaning of the sentence:Since the cousins had fulfilled their mission and should leave the town,the townspeople were taking the side of Miss Emily and made secret plans to help her deal with her cousins in a clever way. 51 A neighbor saw the Negro man admit him at the kitchen door at dusk one evening
人们站在百叶窗后伸着脖子，绸缎长裙发出沙沙的响声，人们交头接耳：可怜的艾米利。 Para.33 43 –even when we believed hat she was fallen: fallen: (of a woman)sexually immoral 女子已失身的，堕落的 44 as if it had wanted that touch of earthiness to reaffirm her imperviousness: 1) impervious: not easily influenced, e.g. be impervious to outside influence 2）earthiness—earthy: concerning with things of the body rather than with things of the mind, esp. in a way that is direct and perhaps impolite 泥土气息 的，粗俗的 45 . a face the flesh of which was strained across the temples. as you imagine a lighthouse-keeper’s face ought to look: 1) Emily’s face is compared to the face of a lighthouse-keeper’s. A lighthouse-keeper lives a lonely life, the extreme loneliness would show on the face. 2) strain: pull or stretch tightly. 拉紧，绷紧 Para. 42 46 Her head tilted back in order to look him eye for eye: 1） tilt: (here) means to raise her head slightly backward 倾斜，翘起。 Part 4 （Paras. 43―53） 47 . and we said it would be the best thing: Why? (The answer can be found in the next para.) 48 divulge: to tell or make known, or reveal 透露， divulge sth. to sb. divulge that.; 49 *We were glad because the two female cousins were even more Grierson than Miss Emily had ever been: The townspeople were glad because the two cousins were even more stubborn and self-important than Emily. They were sure that her cousins would urge Emily and Homer Barron to get married quickly so that her public courting would come to an end. 50 By that time it was a cabal and we were.to help circumvent the cousins: 1) cabal (derog.): a small group of people who make secret plans 2) circumvent（: v.）to avoid or defeat (as if ) by passing round , esp. as the result of cleverness 巧妙地规避，设法回避 3) The meaning of the sentence: Since the cousins had fulfilled their mission and should leave the town, the townspeople were taking the side of Miss Emily and made secret plans to help her deal with her cousins in a clever way. 51 A neighbor saw the Negro man admit him at the kitchen door at dusk one evening:
Questions:1)Why did the Negro man admit him at the kitchen door instead of the front door?2)Why did Homer Barrron come at dusk? 52 And that was the last we saw of Homer Barron:When Homer Barrron disappeared,the townspeople supposed he had deserted her.("after her sweetheart-the one we believed would marry her-had deserted her"in Para.15 )We should be alert to the possibility that the author knows something that the narrator is not aware of yet. 53 Now and then we would see her at a window for a moment,as the man did that night when they sprinkled the lime.:The author wants us to think of possible connections between the disappearance of Homer Barron and the smell that the townspeople complained about. 54.as if that qualiry ofher father which had thwarted her woman 's life so many times had been too virulent and too furious to die:1)thwart:to prevent sb from doing what they are trying to do.反对，阻挠，e.g.to thwart the enemy's conspiracy挫败敌人的阴谋，2)virulent.full of hatred3)Being deserted by Homer Barron was a heavy blow to Poor Emily,whose woman's life had been already spoiled by her father so many times.They had expected her to behave that way.This shows the townspeople's sympathy for Miss Emily.4). 父亲那种多次妨得她过一个女人的正常生活的脾性太瑟毒、太狂梨了，很难消失。 55 Up to the day ofher death at seventy-four it was still that vigorous iron-gray. like the hair of an active man:The vigorous and iron-gray hair symbolizes her strong and stubbom character 56 fiued up a studio:fitp:arrange or furnish a place布置，装备e.g.to fit up the room as an office 57 fall away:.break away(from)离弃，琉远 58 When the town got free postal delivery.Miss Emily alone refused to let them fasten the metal numbers above her door and attach a mailbox to it:Question What does the sentence mean?(It means Miss Emily's negative attitude towards any changes and the marching of time. 59 Thus she passed from generation to generation-dear inescapable. impervious.tranquil,and perverse:1)perverse:continuing to do sth.that one knows wrong 2)The adjectives used here show the townspeople's attitude toward Emily,dear-because she represented the Souther heritage to a certain degree:inescapable-because she was a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town:impervious-not affected by any changes that took place in the town,and refuse to pay taxes,tranquil-she remained calm oblivious of
Questions: 1）Why did the Negro man admit him at the kitchen door instead of the front door? 2）Why did Homer Barrron come at dusk? 52 And that was the last we saw of Homer Barron: When Homer Barrron disappeared, the townspeople supposed he had deserted her. (“after her sweetheart—the one we believed would marry her –had deserted her” in Para.15 ) We should be alert to the possibility that the author knows something that the narrator is not aware of yet. 53 Now and then we would see her at a window for a moment, as the man did that night when they sprinkled the lime.: The author wants us to think of possible connections between the disappearance of Homer Barron and the smell that the townspeople complained about. 54 .as if that quality of her father which had thwarted her woman’s life so many times had been too virulent and too furious to die: 1) thwart: to prevent sb. from doing what they are trying to do, 反对，阻挠，e.g. to thwart the enemy's conspiracy 挫败敌人的阴谋, 2) virulent: full of hatred 3) Being deserted by Homer Barron was a heavy blow to Poor Emily, whose woman’s life had been already spoiled by her father so many times. They had expected her to behave that way. This shows the townspeople’s sympathy for Miss Emily. 4) .仿佛她 父亲那种多次妨碍她过一个女人的正常生活的脾性太恶毒、太狂暴了，很难消失。 55 Up to the day of her death at seventy-four it was still that vigorous iron-gray, like the hair of an active man: The vigorous and iron-gray hair symbolizes her strong and stubborn character. 56 fitted up a studio: fit up: arrange or furnish a place 布置，装备 e.g. to fit up the room as an office 57 fall away: break away (from) 离弃，疏远 58 When the town got free postal delivery, Miss Emily alone refused to let them fasten the metal numbers above her door and attach a mailbox to it: Question: What does the sentence mean? (It means Miss Emily’s negative attitude towards any changes and the marching of time. ) 59 Thus she passed from generation to generation—dear, inescapable, impervious, tranquil, and perverse: 1）perverse: continuing to do sth. that one knows wrong 2）The adjectives used here show the townspeople’s attitude toward Emily, dear—because she represented the Southern heritage to a certain degree; inescapable—because she was a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town; impervious—not affected by any changes that took place in the town, and refuse to pay taxes; tranquil—she remained calm oblivious of
lonely and tragic life;perverse-always behaving in an unreasonable way and regularly doing the opposite of what people expected her to do.就这样，她过了 代又一代一一令人做重，而且又躲避不了，她一向我行我素，平静安宁，又不合常理。 60 doddering:dodder(of a person)walk shakily,from age(因年迈而摇摇晃晃) Part 5 Paras.54-60) Para.55 61 muse:think deeply 62 mathematical progression:sequence or succession of happenings in time marked by numbers 63.to whom all the past is not a diminishing road.but instead,a huge meadow which no winter ever quite touches,divided from them now by the narrow bottle-neck of the most recent decade of years:1)all the past is not a diminishing road:all the past is not like a road that seemed smaller as reached further back 2)bottleneck:a place where a road becomes narrow or where there is an important junction that makes the traffic slow down or stop 段，狭窄路段3)a huge meadow which no winter ever quite touches:.implying that the remote past were full of sweet,pleasant and romantic memories that remained unchanged.4)在他们心目中，过去不是一条渐行渐小的路，而是一片寒冬永 不侵蚀的广麦草地，只是近十年的岁月好似一段狭窄路程把他们和过去分开了。 Para.56 64 This para.hints that there must have sth.in the room upstairs Para.57 73A thin,acrid pall as of the tomb seemed to lie everywherewas obscured:1) acrid(of smell)very bitter,sharp,.causing a stinging sensation.刺激的，辛辣的 2)pall:something which covers or seems to cover,e.g.a.A pall of mystery seem to hang over it all.整个事件似乎笼罩上一层神秘的气氛。b.The smoke pall drifted away to reveal the blackened shell of the building.3)as of =as from starting from,e.g.The new contract takes effect as of July.4)decked: decorated with finery or ornaments装饰，点缀5)valance curtain:a short curtain hanging from the edge of bed,.shelf,table often to the floor挂m,短帷 6)backed with:provide with a back给作背衬7)tarnish:(l)become dull,. discoloured,or less bright,e.ga.silver tamish quickly.银器容易失去光泽，(2) used fig.(meaning spoiled)e.g.a tragedy that tamished our hopes Para.59 14 But now the long sleep that outlasts love,that conquers even the grimace of
lonely and tragic life; perverse—always behaving in an unreasonable way and regularly doing the opposit e of what people expected her to do.就这样，她过了一 代又一代——令人敬重，而且又躲避不了，她一向我行我素，平静安宁，又不合常理。 60 doddering：dodder（of a person）walk shakily，from age（因年迈而摇摇晃晃） Part 5（ Paras. 54—60） Para. 55 61 muse：think deeply 62 mathematical progression：sequence or succession of happenings in time marked by numbers. 63 .to whom all the past is not a diminishing road, but instead, a huge meadow which no winter ever quite touches, divided from them now by the narrow bottle-neck of the most recent decade of years: 1) all the past is not a diminishing road: all the past is not like a road that seemed smaller as reached further back 2) bottleneck: a place where a road becomes narrow or where there is an important junction that makes the traffic slow down or stop 瓶颈路 段，狭窄路段 3）a huge meadow which no winter ever quite touches: implying that the remote past were full of sweet, pleasant and romantic memories that remained unchanged. 4) 在他们心目中，过去不是一条渐行渐小的路，而是一片寒冬永 不侵蚀的广袤草地，只是近十年的岁月好似一段狭窄路程把他们和过去分开了。 Para. 56 64 This para. hints that there must have sth. in the room upstairs. Para. 57 73 A thin, acrid pall as of the tomb seemed to lie everywhere. was obscured: 1） acrid (of smell ) very bitter, sharp, causing a stinging sensation. 刺激的，辛辣的 2) pall: something which covers or seems to cover, e.g. a. A pall of mystery seem to hang over it all. 整个事件似乎笼罩上一层神秘的气氛。 b. The smoke pall drifted away to reveal the blackened shell of the building. 3）as of: =as from; starting from， e.g. The new contract takes effect as of July. 4) decked: decorated with finery or ornaments 装饰，点缀 5) valance curtain: a short curtain hanging from the edge of bed, shelf, table often to the floor 挂帘，短帷幔 6 ) backed with: provide with a back 给.作背衬 7）tarnish: (1) become dull, discoloured, or less bright, e.g. a. silver tarnish quickly. 银器容易失去光泽。 (2) used fig. (meaning spoiled ) e.g. a tragedy that tarnished our hopes. Para.59 74 But now the long sleep that outlasts love, that conquers even the grimace of