Chapter 10The Immune System
The Immune System Chapter 10
Function of immune systemTo defend the organism, protect body from invasion anddamage by foreign cells, microbes, viruses and parasites.1.By humoral immune responses against foreignsubstances (antigens)2.By cell-mediatedimmune responses againstmicroorganism, tumor and transplanted cells,and virus-infectedcells
Function of immune system To defend the organism, protect body from invasion and damage by foreign cells, microbes, viruses and parasites. 1. By humoral immune responses against foreign substances (antigens) 2. By cell-mediated immune responses against microorganism, tumor and transplanted cells, and virusinfected cells
Componentss of immuneesystemT:Th、TsToBLymphocyteNKMacrophageImmunocyteAntigen presenting cellPlasma cellLymphoid tissueLymphoid organs: thymus, lymph node,spleen, tonsil
Components of immune system Lymphoid tissue Lymphocyte T：Th、Ts、Tc B NK Macrophage Antigen presenting cell Plasma cell Immunocyte Lymphoid organs: thymus, lymph node, spleen, tonsil
AdenoidTonsilleft subclauianveinThymusLymph nodesThoracic ductSpleenPeyer'spatchAppendixBone marrow
Immunocyte(Lymphocyte,Macrophage,Antigenpresenting cell,Plasma cell)DLymphocytethe principal cells of the immune systemtheir ability to recognize and respond to foreigncells and substancesthree main types: T, B and NK lymphocytesa. T-lymphocytes65%-75%, are primarily responsible for cell-mediated immunity
Immunocyte (Lymphocyte, Macrophage, Antigen presenting cell, Plasma cell) ① Lymphocyte the principal cells of the immune system their ability to recognize and respond to foreign cells and substances three main types: T, B and NK lymphocytes a. T-lymphocytes 65%~75%, are primarily responsible for cellmediated immunity
T cells include several functionally distinct subtypes:T cytotoxic cell: produces perforin and other protein thatkill the tumor cell, virus infective cell and foreign cell:Thelper cell:promotes activity ofBLC andTc C;T memory cell:are long-lived, committed,immunocompetent cells, regulate the function of BLC andTC
T cells include several functionally distinct subtypes: T cytotoxic cell: produces perforin and other protein that kill the tumor cell, virus infective cell and foreign cell; T helper cell: promotes activity of BLC and Tc C; T memory cell: are long-lived, committed, immunocompetent cells, regulate the function of BLC and TC
b.B-lymphocytes,5%~10%,are primarilyresponsibleforhumoralimmunityTodifferentiateintoplasma cellsTo become memory cells that react to the same antigen insubsequentencountersc.NKcell(naturalkillercells)10%~15%,attackandlyseinvadingcells (virusinfective cellandtumor cell)throughdirectcell-cell contact, like T cytotoxic cells
b. B-lymphocytes , 5%~10%, are primarily responsible for humoral immunity To differentiate into plasma cells To become memory cells that react to the same antigen in subsequent encounters c. NK cell (natural killer cells) 10%~15%, attack and lyse invading cells (virus infective cell and tumor cell) through direct cell-cell contact, like T cytotoxic cells
Macrophagemononuclearphagocytic system③PlasmacellDAntigenPresentingCell:Dendritic cellDendritic cellLangerhans cell
② Macrophage mononuclear phagocytic system ③ Plasma cell ④Antigen Presenting Cell: Dendritic cell Langerhans cell Dendritic cell
Wandering LymphocytesAmeboidlymphocytespenetrate mostareas of thebody includingepithelia.EpithelialLymphocytes
Wandering Lymphocytes • Ameboid lymphocytes penetrate most areas of the body including epithelia. Epithelial Lymphocytes
Lymphoidtissue.--reticular T:reticular cell: stellate-shaped with processes to formnetworkreticular cellreticular fibermacrophage---immunocytes:(lymphocytes,lymphocytemacrophage,-reticularcell'sprocessesplasmacellplasma celland mast cell)reticularfiber
Lymphoid tissue -reticular T: reticular cell: stellate-shaped with processes to form network reticular fiber -immunocytes: (lymphocytes, macrophage, plasma cell and mast cell)