ReviewQuestionsforHistology&EmbryologyDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyMedical schoolYangzhou University
Review Questions for Histology & Embryology Department of Histology and Embryology Medical school Yangzhou University
Unit1Histologyand Its Methods of StudyI. Explanation of Terms1.Basophilia2. Acidophilia3. Neutrophilia4. ArgyrophiliaII. Questions for Review1.What is the H&E staining?2. What are differences between the light and electron microscopy?3. How does a histologist study the living cells and tissues?Unit 2 Epithelial TissueI. Single Choice1.Thebasic tissues of the body include all of thefollowingEXCEPTA. epitheliumB. lymphoid tissueC. connective tissueD.muscle tissueE.nervous tissue2. All of the following are features of epithelium EXCEPTA.morecells and less intercellular substanceB. cells are tightly joined with a very narrow intercellular spaceC. have free surface and basal surfaceD. rich in capillaries and nerve endingsE. cover the external and internal surface of the body3. Simple squamous epithelium is lining of the all following structures EXCEPT theA, blood vesselsB. peritoneal cavityC. pulmonary alveoliD. lymphatic vessels2
2 Unit 1 Histology and Its Methods of Study Ⅰ. Explanation of Terms 1. Basophilia 2. Acidophilia 3. Neutrophilia 4. Argyrophilia Ⅱ. Questions for Review 1. What is the H&E staining? 2. What are differences between the light and electron microscopy? 3. How does a histologist study the living cells and tissues? Unit 2 Epithelial Tissue Ⅰ. Single Choice 1. The basic tissues of the body include all of the following EXCEPT A. epithelium B. lymphoid tissue C. connective tissue D. muscle tissue E. nervous tissue 2. All of the following are features of epithelium EXCEPT A. more cells and less intercellular substance B. cells are tightly joined with a very narrow intercellular space C. have free surface and basal surface D. rich in capillaries and nerve endings E. cover the external and internal surface of the body 3. Simple squamous epithelium is lining of the all following structures EXCEPT the A. blood vessels B. peritoneal cavity C. pulmonary alveoli D. lymphatic vessels
E. stomach4.Simple squamous epitheliumrelatesto all ofthefollowingEXCEPTtheA. surface of the heartB. endotheliumC.mesotheliumD.parietal layerof renal capsuleE.laminar surface of the small intestine5.SimplecuboidalepitheliumcoversthesurfaceoftheA, thyroid folliclesB. intestineC. uterusD. pulmonary alveoliE. cornea6.Simplecolumnarepitheliumis liningoftheA.respiratory passagesB. seminiferous tubulesC. uretersD. uterusE. proximal tubules in kidney7. Which is NOT a characteristic of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium?A,It consistsmainlyof 4types ofcellsB. Only the columnar cells rest on the basement membraneC. Columnar cells have ciliaD.Goblet cells secrete mucusE. It lines respiratory passages8. Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is present in theA. esophagusB. thyroidC. intestineD. skinE. urinary bladder9. Which of the following descriptions relates to the cilium?A. 9+2 microtubulesB. Microfilaments3
3 E. stomach 4. Simple squamous epithelium relates to all of the following EXCEPT the A. surface of the heart B. endothelium C. mesothelium D. parietal layer of renal capsule E. laminar surface of the small intestine 5. Simple cuboidal epithelium covers the surface of the A. thyroid follicles B. intestine C. uterus D. pulmonary alveoli E. cornea 6. Simple columnar epithelium is lining of the A. respiratory passages B. seminiferous tubules C. ureters D. uterus E. proximal tubules in kidney 7. Which is NOT a characteristic of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium? A. It consists mainly of 4 types of cells B. Only the columnar cells rest on the basement membrane C. Columnar cells have cilia D. Goblet cells secrete mucus E. It lines respiratory passages 8. Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is present in the A. esophagus B. thyroid C. intestine D. skin E. urinary bladder 9. Which of the following descriptions relates to the cilium? A. 9+2 microtubules B. Microfilaments
C. Brush-like borderD. Cell coat on the surfaceE. Connected to the terminal web10. In the core of microvilli there are someA. microfilamentsB.microtubulesC.intermediatefilamentsD. tonofilamentsE.myofilaments11. Function of the microvilli is toA. remove small particles on the surfaceB.increaseadhesionbetweenadjacentcellsC. increase absorptive areaD. communicate adjacent cellsE.increase permeability12.DesmosomeA. is a specialization at the basal surface of epitheliumB. is belt-shapedC. is particularly well-developed in the epidermisD. is composed of the basal lamina and the reticular laminaE. serves as a semi-permeable membrane13.The connexon of gap junction refer to all the following descriptions EXCEPTA,a bridging structure spans the adjacent cellular membranesB. consists of six sub-units of proteinC. the sub-units arrange around a central channelD. adjacent cells communicate through the central channelsE. increases the absorptive area14. Which of the following descriptions is NOT true of the basement membrane?A.Amemberofthejunctional complexB. Located between epithelium and underlying connective tissueC.Consists of thebasal lamina and the reticular laminaD. Positive staining with PASE. Observed with silver stain15.The structure of 9+2 microtubules is seen in the4
4 C. Brush-like border D. Cell coat on the surface E. Connected to the terminal web 10. In the core of microvilli there are some A. microfilaments B. microtubules C. intermediate filaments D. tonofilaments E. myofilaments 11. Function of the microvilli is to A. remove small particles on the surface B. increase adhesion between adjacent cells C. increase absorptive area D. communicate adjacent cells E. increase permeability 12. Desmosome A. is a specialization at the basal surface of epithelium B. is belt-shaped C. is particularly well-developed in the epidermis D. is composed of the basal lamina and the reticular lamina E. serves as a semi-permeable membrane 13. The connexon of gap junction refer to all the following descriptions EXCEPT A. a bridging structure spans the adjacent cellular membranes B. consists of six sub-units of protein C. the sub-units arrange around a central channel D. adjacent cells communicate through the central channels E. increases the absorptive area 14. Which of the following descriptions is NOT true of the basement membrane? A. A member of the junctional complex B. Located between epithelium and underlying connective tissue C. Consists of the basal lamina and the reticular lamina D. Positive staining with PAS E. Observed with silver stain 15. The structure of 9+2 microtubules is seen in the
A. villusB. microvillusC. ciliumD. brush-like borderE. centriole16.Gap junction refers to all thefollowing descriptions EXCEPTA. often located in the deep part of the lateral surface between adjacent epithelialcellsB. there is a narrow intercellular spaceC. there is an intermediate line in the intercellular spaceD. a bridging structure spans the adjacent cellular membranesE. it transfers the impulses and passes ions and small molecules17. Which of the following is NOT related to desmosomes?A,Relatively wide intercellular spaceB. Intermediate lineC. Electron dense attachment plaqueD.Terminal webE. Hairpin loop-like filaments18. Secretions of endocrine gland are usuallyA.released into nearby vascular supplyB. released into simple ductsC. stored within cellsD. released into branched ductsE. released into alveolus19. Which is NOT a function of epithelium?A.Absorption and secretionB. Transport and excretionC.ProtectionD. Sensory receptionE. Nutrition20. The transitional epithelium exists in theA. urethraB. urinary bladder5
5 A. villus B. microvillus C. cilium D. brush-like border E. centriole 16. Gap junction refers to all the following descriptions EXCEPT A. often located in the deep part of the lateral surface between adjacent epithelial cells B. there is a narrow intercellular space C. there is an intermediate line in the intercellular space D. a bridging structure spans the adjacent cellular membranes E. it transfers the impulses and passes ions and small molecules 17. Which of the following is NOT related to desmosomes? A. Relatively wide intercellular space B. Intermediate line C. Electron dense attachment plaque D. Terminal web E. Hairpin loop-like filaments 18. Secretions of endocrine gland are usually A. released into nearby vascular supply B. released into simple ducts C. stored within cells D. released into branched ducts E. released into alveolus 19. Which is NOT a function of epithelium? A. Absorption and secretion B. Transport and excretion C. Protection D. Sensory reception E. Nutrition 20. The transitional epithelium exists in the A. urethra B. urinary bladder
C. esophagusD. stomachE. transitional portion between uterus and vaginaIl.Explanation of Terms1.Microvilli2. Cilia3. Gap junction4. Basement membraneIll.QuestionsforReview1. Explain the structural characteristics and basis of classification of epithelium2.Comparemicrovilluswith cilium3. How many kinds of cell junctions are there between epithelial cells? And try toexplain their functions.Unit3.ConnectiveTissueProperI. Single Choice1.The characteristics of connective tissue are all of the following EXCEPTA. a small number of cells and a large amount of intercellular substanceB.the cells possessfree surfaceand basal surfaceC. it contains blood and lymphatic vessels, nervesD. functions of support, connection, nutrition and defenseE. none of the above2. Which of the following does NOT belong to connective tissue?A. Reticular tissueB. Osseous tissueC. Cartilage tissueD. Lymphoid tissueE. Blood3. Which of the following belongs to connective tissue proper?A. Cartilage tissueB. Nerve tissueC.Muscle tissue6
6 C. esophagus D. stomach E. transitional portion between uterus and vagina Ⅱ. Explanation of Terms 1. Microvilli 2. Cilia 3. Gap junction 4. Basement membrane III. Questions for Review 1. Explain the structural characteristics and basis of classification of epithelium. 2. Compare microvillus with cilium. 3. How many kinds of cell junctions are there between epithelial cells? And try to explain their functions. Unit 3. Connective Tissue Proper Ⅰ. Single Choice 1. The characteristics of connective tissue are all of the following EXCEPT A. a small number of cells and a large amount of intercellular substance B. the cells possess free surface and basal surface C. it contains blood and lymphatic vessels, nerves D. functions of support, connection, nutrition and defense E. none of the above 2. Which of the following does NOT belong to connective tissue? A. Reticular tissue B. Osseous tissue C. Cartilage tissue D. Lymphoid tissue E. Blood 3. Which of the following belongs to connective tissue proper? A. Cartilage tissue B. Nerve tissue C. Muscle tissue
D. Lymphoid tissueE. Adipose tissue4.All of followings are components of loose connective tissue EXCEPTA. collagenous fibersB. elastic fibersC. goblet cellsD.fibroblastsE.macrophages5. All of following characteristics belong to the reticular fiber EXCEPTA.with a surface coat of carbohydratesB. composition of elastin and microfibrilsC. positive staining of PASD.argyrophilicE.periodic cross-bandings in EM6. Which of the followings does NOT show periodic cross-banding?A, Fibrils in collagenous fiberB. Microfibrils in elastic fiberC.Reticular fiberD. Skeletal muscle fiberE. Cardiac muscle fiber7. The elastic fibersA. consist of elastin and microfibrilsB. consist of fibrilsC. are PAS positiveD. are argyrophilicE. show periodic cross-bandings in EM8. Which type of fibers can NOT be seen in H&E stained sections?A. Skeletal muscle fiberB. Smooth muscle fiberC.ReticularfiberD. Cardiac muscle fiberE. Collagenous fiber9.Which is NOTtrue of ground substance in loose connective tissue?A, Jelly-like and amorphous7
7 D. Lymphoid tissue E. Adipose tissue 4. All of followings are components of loose connective tissue EXCEPT A. collagenous fibers B. elastic fibers C. goblet cells D. fibroblasts E. macrophages 5. All of following characteristics belong to the reticular fiber EXCEPT A. with a surface coat of carbohydrates B. composition of elastin and microfibrils C. positive staining of PAS D. argyrophilic E. periodic cross-bandings in EM 6. Which of the followings does NOT show periodic cross-banding? A. Fibrils in collagenous fiber B. Microfibrils in elastic fiber C. Reticular fiber D. Skeletal muscle fiber E. Cardiac muscle fiber 7. The elastic fibers A. consist of elastin and microfibrils B. consist of fibrils C. are PAS positive D. are argyrophilic E. show periodic cross-bandings in EM 8. Which type of fibers can NOT be seen in H&E stained sections? A. Skeletal muscle fiber B. Smooth muscle fiber C. Reticular fiber D. Cardiac muscle fiber E. Collagenous fiber 9. Which is NOT true of ground substance in loose connective tissue? A. Jelly-like and amorphous
B. Collagenous fibers are main componentC. Consists of proteoglycans &glycoproteinsD. Forms a molecular sieveE. Acts as a barrier to spread of microorganisms10o. The commonest cells in loose connective tissue is theA. mast cellsB. undifferentiated cellsC.macrophagesD.fibroblastsE. plasma cells11. Which is NOT a characteristic of fibroblasts?A. Large, stellate shape with processesB. Located close to collagenous fibersC. Have a large, pale nucleus with obvious nucleoliD. Rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum and well-developed Golgi complexE. Take part in the immune reaction12. The collagen necessary to form scar tissue is produced byA. fibroblastsB. undifferentiated cellsC.macrophagesD. mast cellsE. plasma cells13.Which is NOT a characteristic of theplasma cells?A. Ovoid cell with eccentric nucleusB. Has a strong basophilic cytoplasmC. Full of dense granules in cytoplasmD. Derived from B lymphocytesE. Rich in RER and well-developed Golgi apparatus14. Which of the following has ultrastructural features of protein-secreting cells?A, Mast cellsB. FibrocytesC. MacrophagesD. Plasma cellsE. Fat cells8
8 B. Collagenous fibers are main component C. Consists of proteoglycans & glycoproteins D. Forms a molecular sieve E. Acts as a barrier to spread of microorganisms 10. The commonest cells in loose connective tissue is the A. mast cells B. undifferentiated cells C. macrophages D. fibroblasts E. plasma cells 11. Which is NOT a characteristic of fibroblasts? A. Large, stellate shape with processes B. Located close to collagenous fibers C. Have a large, pale nucleus with obvious nucleoli D. Rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum and well-developed Golgi complex E. Take part in the immune reaction 12. The collagen necessary to form scar tissue is produced by A. fibroblasts B. undifferentiated cells C. macrophages D. mast cells E. plasma cells 13. Which is NOT a characteristic of the plasma cells? A. Ovoid cell with eccentric nucleus B. Has a strong basophilic cytoplasm C. Full of dense granules in cytoplasm D. Derived from B lymphocytes E. Rich in RER and well-developed Golgi apparatus 14. Which of the following has ultrastructural features of protein-secreting cells? A. Mast cells B. Fibrocytes C. Macrophages D. Plasma cells E. Fat cells
15.Which is NOT true of macrophages?A.Haveacidophilic cytoplasmB. Have nucleus like the spokes of a wheelC. Are derived from the monocytesD.Have numerous lysosomes and phagosomesE. Are highly motile16. Heparin is produced by which of the following cells?A. Hepatocytes or hepatic cellsB. Undifferentiated cellsC. MacrophagesD.EosinophilsE. Mast cells17. The pale stained juxtanuclear region of plasma cells is occupied byA,rough endoplasmic reticulumB. smooth endoplasmic reticulumC. Golgi complexD. mitochondriaE. lysosomes18. Intercellular substance in connective tissue is produced byA, fat cellsB.fibrocytesC. plasma cellsD. mast cellsE. E. fibroblasts19.Histamine is released byA. fibroblastsB. fibrocytesC. mast cellsD. plasma cellsE. macrophages20. The chief component of dense connective tissue isA. collagenous fibersB. reticular fibersC. fibroblasts9
9 15. Which is NOT true of macrophages? A. Have acidophilic cytoplasm B. Have nucleus like the spokes of a wheel C. Are derived from the monocytes D. Have numerous lysosomes and phagosomes E. Are highly motile 16. Heparin is produced by which of the following cells? A. Hepatocytes or hepatic cells B. Undifferentiated cells C. Macrophages D. Eosinophils E. Mast cells 17. The pale stained juxtanuclear region of plasma cells is occupied by A. rough endoplasmic reticulum B. smooth endoplasmic reticulum C. Golgi complex D. mitochondria E. lysosomes 18. Intercellular substance in connective tissue is produced by A. fat cells B. fibrocytes C. plasma cells D. mast cells E. E. fibroblasts 19. Histamine is released by A. fibroblasts B. fibrocytes C. mast cells D. plasma cells E. macrophages 20. The chief component of dense connective tissue is A. collagenous fibers B. reticular fibers C. fibroblasts
D.fibrocytesE. ground substance21. Reticular tissue is mostly distributed inA. Lymphoid organB. circulatory organC. urinary organD.reproductive organE. digestive organII. Explanation of Terms1. Molecular sieves2. Tissue fluidII.Questions for Review1. How many types of tissues dose the connective tissue include?2. What components dose the loose connective tissue contain?3.Describe the structure of fibroblast, macrophage, plasma cell and mast cell4. Taking the degranulation of mast cell as an example describe relationship betweenthe structure and functionUnit 4 Cartilage and BoneI.Single Choice1. The principle of classification for the cartilage tissue is theA. number of containing cellsB. shape of containing cellsC. quantity and type of containing fibersD. type of ground substanceE.function of cartilage2. Cartilage capsule isA. loose connective tissue at the surface of cartilageB. dense connective tissue at the surface of cartilageC. space around cartilage cellsD. cartilage matrix around cartilage cellsE.collagenousfibersaround cartilagecells10
10 D. fibrocytes E. ground substance 21. Reticular tissue is mostly distributed in A. Lymphoid organ B. circulatory organ C. urinary organ D. reproductive organ E. digestive organ Ⅱ. Explanation of Terms 1. Molecular sieves 2. Tissue fluid III. Questions for Review 1. How many types of tissues dose the connective tissue include? 2. What components dose the loose connective tissue contain? 3. Describe the structure of fibroblast, macrophage, plasma cell and mast cell. 4. Taking the degranulation of mast cell as an example describe relationship between the structure and function. Unit 4 Cartilage and Bone Ⅰ. Single Choice 1. The principle of classification for the cartilage tissue is the A. number of containing cells B. shape of containing cells C. quantity and type of containing fibers D. type of ground substance E. function of cartilage 2. Cartilage capsule is A. loose connective tissue at the surface of cartilage B. dense connective tissue at the surface of cartilage C. space around cartilage cells D. cartilage matrix around cartilage cells E. collagenous fibers around cartilage cells