New Horizon College english Unit 6 How to Prepare for Earthquakes
How to Prepare for Earthquakes New Horizon College English Unit 6
Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Developing It New words Main idea of the Main idea of each & text and devices part and devices Text for developing it for developing it 几 Transcript Devices Main idea New words Part 设向 Part Text Part Ill Part iv
. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Developing It Devices Main idea Main idea of the text and devices for developing it Main idea of each part and devices for developing it New words & Text Transcript New Words Text Part Ⅰ Part Ⅱ Part Ⅲ Part IV 设问法 演绎法
Back Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Developing It ° accuracy at work battery ● occurrence put out spade · resistant turn off rope ° precaution‖ agree on extinguish Phrases and|· be busy with‖· extinguisher Expressions check in handy watch..for‖, make a auxiliary come out of difference portable after all boot ° attach sth.| Proper Names· fragment to sth Hanshin chaos o in addition sensible to) crust
. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Developing It Back • battery • spade • rope • extinguish • extinguisher • handy • auxiliary • portable • boot • fragment • chaos • sensible • crust • horizontal • beam • vertical • pillar • rod • enclose • besides • cupboard • cabinet • fasten • gallon • bacterium • receiver • earthquake • detect • hen • pigeon • experimental • radon • wax • destruction • withstand • weld • joint • architect • column • accuracy • occurrence • resistant • precaution Phrases and Expressions • watch… for • come out of • after all • attach sth. to sth. • in addition (to) • at work • put out • turn off • agree on • be busy with • check in • make a difference Proper Names • Hanshin
Back However, even if prediction becomes possible, people who live in areas where earthquakes are a common occurrence will still have to do their best to prevent disasters by building structures that are resistant to ground movement and by being personally prepared. These precautions can make a great difference in saving lives and preventing the loss of homes. Education concerning how to survive an earthquake should be a major emphasis for all government programs and earthquake related research projects
Back How to Prepare for Earthquakes Ideally, people would like to know when an earthquake is going to happen and how bad it will be. In both Japan and China, people have long believed that earthquakes can be forecast. In Japan, scientists have wired the Earth and sea to detect movements. The Chinese have traditionally watched animals and plants for warning signs of earthquakes. For example, the Chinese have noted that before an earthquake, hens’ behavior changes — they refuse to enter their cages at night. They have also noticed that snakes come out of the ground to freeze to death and that dogs bark a lot, even normally quiet dogs. Before the Hanshin earthquake in Japan, there were reports of large schools of fish swimming near the surface of the water. Certain birds, like pigeons, also seemed to be especially noisy, and were reported to be flying in unusual patterns before the earthquake. Perhaps most interesting, and most easily measured, is a chemical change in ground water before a quake. Experimental data seem to indicate that the amount of radon (Rn) in the water under the surface of the Earth waxes before an earthquake. People would also like to be able to prevent the great destruction of property caused by earthquakes. After all, most of the people who die in earthquakes are killed by falling buildings. Therefore, building structures that can withstand the power of earthquakes is a major concern. Steel seems to be the best material, but not if it is welded to form a rigid structure. Many new structures are built with a new type of steel joint, an I-joint, which appears to be the most durable type of joint. These joints of steel can move without breaking. Also, to prevent property damage, architects now design buildings so that the building’s columns and horizontal beams are of equal strength, and vertical support columns are inserted deep into solid soil. In addition, many new houses have relatively light roofs and strong walls. Concrete pillars for highway bridges that previously only had steel rods inside are now enclosed in steel. Besides working to improve building structures, people in areas where earthquakes are common need to prepare for the possibility of a great earthquake. They should regularly check and reinforce their homes, place heavy objects in low positions, attach cupboards and cabinets to walls, and fasten doors so that they will not open accidentally during an earthquake. In addition to preparing their houses, people in these regions need to prepare themselves. They should have supplies of water and food at home and at work. It is best to store several gallons of water per person. It is also important to have something that can clean water and kill bacteria, so water from other sources can be made safe to drink. Store one week’s food for each person. Earthquake survival supplies include a radio receiver, a torch, extra batteries, first-aid supplies, a spade, a tent, some rope, and warm clothing. Experts also suggest the following: Keep a fire extinguisher handy. You should have one at home, at work, and in your car (if you have one). The fire extinguisher should be able to put out any type of fire. Have the proper tools to turn off gas and water lines if necessary. Arrange an auxiliary cooking and heating source that can be used outside. One alternative is a portable camp stove with small cans of gas. Keep a pair of heavy, comfortable shoes or boots in your home, at work, and in your vehicle. If there is an earthquake, there will be lots of fragments of broken glass. Light shoes will not protect your feet as well as heavy shoes will. Every family needs to have earthquake emergency plans. How will family members leave the area during the chaos following an earthquake? Everyone should agree on a meeting point outside of the area — perhaps in a town several miles away. Also important is an arrangement for family members to communicate if there is an earthquake. If an earthquake happens in a large city, many of the telephone lines within the city are likely to be down. The few remaining working lines will be busy with the calls that naturally occur after a disaster and it will be difficult to call from one part of the city to another. It might, however, be possible to call outside the city. A sensible arrangement is to have all of the members of the family call to check in with a friend or relative who lives more than a hundred miles away. Although scientists still cannot predict earthquakes, they are learning a great deal about how the large plates in the earth’s crust move, the stresses between plates, how earthquakes work, and the general probability that a given place will have an earthquake. Someday soon it may actually become possible to predict earthquakes with accuracy. However, even if prediction becomes possible, people who live in areas where earthquakes are a common occurrence will still have to do their best to prevent disasters by building structures that are resistant to ground movement and by being personally prepared. These precautions can make a great difference in saving lives and preventing the loss of homes. Education concerning how to survive an earthquake should be a major emphasis for all government programs and earthquakerelated research projects
Back Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Developing It Main idea of the text The essay is centered around the main theme- How to predict, prevent, and prepare for earthquakes. Devices for developing it? 设问法
. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Developing It The essay is centered around the main theme — How to predict, prevent, and prepare for earthquakes. Main idea of the text ? Devices for developing it? Back 设问法 演绎法
Back 1. Questioning(设厄法 From the title "How to Prepare for Earthquakes"on, the author guides the reader toward a better understanding of his article through a list of direct or indirect questions, thus reminding the reader of what is to follow or what he is to give his ink to next. For detail
1. Questioning (设问法) For details Back From the title “How to Prepare for Earthquakes”on, the author guides the reader toward a better understanding of his article through a list of direct or indirect questions, thus reminding the reader of what is to follow or what he is to give his ink to next
1. Questioning (设法 Back 回回更 Questions胃& Answers 日园的垂 1. When is an What questions earthquake going to does the title bring happen?(Para. 1 the reader? 2. How to prevent the great destruction of Paras. Three to si property caused by are about how to earthquakes? (Para. 2 prepare ourselves 3. How to prepare for for the possibility of the possibility of a great a great earthquake earthquake?(Paras.3-6)
How to Prepare for Earthquakes (title) 1. When is an earthquake going to happen? (Para. 1) Back Questions & Answers What questions does the title bring the reader? 2. How to prevent the great destruction of property caused by earthquakes? (Para. 2) 3. How to prepare for the possibility of a great earthquake? (Paras.3-6) Para. One is about some examples of how to predict earthquakes. Para. Two deals with how to make building structures so strong as to withstand the power of earthquakes. Paras. Three to Six are about how to prepare ourselves for the possibility of a great earthquake. 1. Questioning (设问法) 返回
Back 2. Deduction(演绎法 Another characteristic writing technique that runs throughout the writing is a general statement supported by details. For detail
Another characteristic writing technique that runs throughout the writing is a general statement supported by details. 2. Deduction (演绎法) Back For details
2. Deduction(演绎法 Back Statement: Ideally, people would like to know when an earthquake is going to happen and how bad it will be. (Para. 1) Details: 1. Scientists have wired the earth and sea to detect movements 2. People have traditionally watched animals and plants for warning signs of earthquakes. 3. Experimental data show that the amount of radon in the water under the surface of the Earth waxes before an earthquake. p>smore g
2. Deduction (演绎法) Back Statement：Ideally, people would like to know when an earthquake is going to happen and how bad it will be. (Para. 1) 1. Scientists have wired the Earth and sea to detect movements. Details: 2. People have traditionally watched animals and plants for warning signs of earthquakes. 3. Experimental data show that the amount of radon in the water under the surface of the Earth waxes before an earthquake. >>>more
2. Deduction(演绎法 Back Statement: People would also like to be able to prevent the great destruction of property caused by earthquakes.(Para. 2) Details: 1. Many new structures are built with an I 2. Architects design buildings so that their 3.Many new houses have relatively light roofs 4. Concrete pillars for highway bridges that previously only had steel rods inside are now enclosed in steel >>>more
2. Deduction (演绎法) Back Statement: People would also like to be able to prevent the great destruction of property caused by earthquakes. (Para. 2) 1. Many new structures are built with an Ijoint, which appears to be the most durable type of joint. >>>more Details: 2. Architects design buildings so that their columns and horizontal beams are of equal strength, and vertical support columns are inserted deep into solid soil. 3. Many new houses have relatively light roofs and strong walls. 4. Concrete pillars for highway bridges that previously only had steel rods inside are now enclosed in steel
