The important words related to the heart 1.头静脉 1.Cephalic vein 2.贵要静脉 2.Basilic vein 3.门静脉 3.(Hepatic)portal vein 4. 奇静脉 4.Azygos vein 5.隐静脉 5.Saphenous vein 6. 肠干 6.Intestinal trunk 7.胸导管 7.Thoracic duct 8.淋巴结 8.Lymph node 9.胸腺 9.Thymus 10.乳糜池 10.Cisterna chyli Copy Right-Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University The important words related to the heart 1. 头静脉 2. 贵要静脉 3. 门静脉 4. 奇静脉 5. 隐静脉 6. 肠干 7. 胸导管 8. 淋巴结 9. 胸腺 10.乳糜池 1. Cephalic vein 2. Basilic vein 3. (Hepatic) portal vein 4. Azygos vein 5. Saphenous vein 6. Intestinal trunk 7. Thoracic duct 8. Lymph node 9. Thymus 10. Cisterna chyli
Copy Right-Hongqi Anatomy-Fudan University Contents 1.General description of sensory organs 2.Visual organ 3.Eyeball 4.Accessory organ of eye 5.Blood vessels and nerves of eye Copy Right-Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Contents 1. General description of sensory organs 2. Visual organ 3. Eyeball 4. Accessory organ of eye 5. Blood vessels and nerves of eye
General description of sensory organs Receptor感受器 1.Exteroceptor外感受器：Skin,mucosa,eye and auditory organs, Feel the stimulation of outside environment 2.Interoceptor内感受器：within viscera and blood vessel. Feel the stimulation of internal environment 3.Proprioceptor本体感受器：in skeletal m,tendon,joint.int.ear. Sensory organ感觉器官：Receptor+accessory organ. Function:Convert stimulation into nerve impulse. Copy Right-Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Receptor 感受器 1. Exteroceptor 外感受器: Skin,mucosa,eye and auditory organs. Feel the stimulation of outside environment 2. Interoceptor 内感受器: within viscera and blood vessel. Feel the stimulation of internal environment 3. Proprioceptor 本体感受器: in skeletal m, tendon, joint. int. ear. Sensory organ 感觉器官: Receptor + accessory organ. Function: Convert stimulation into nerve impulse. General description of sensory organs
Copy Right- Classifications of receptors ersity Olfactory嗅觉 Baroreceptor压力感受器 Tastel味觉 Osmoreceptor渗透压感受器 AuditoryI听觉 Externa Elast Pain,T,touch,pressure Tension receptor Vision视觉 痛，温，触，压觉 Temperature张力 Two factors-stimulation+matched receptor
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Two factors－stimulation＋matched receptor Olfactory 嗅觉 Taste味觉 Baroreceptor 压力感受器 Osmoreceptor 渗透压感受器 Auditory听觉 Vision 视觉 Pain,T,touch,pressure 痛，温，触，压觉 Tension receptor Temperature张力 Classifications of receptors
Copy Rig Structure of the skin (largest organ) .earn it by yourself Vascular and lymphatic Basal(regenerating) capillary beds in ayer of epidermis superficial dermis Afferent nerve endings Epidermis 表皮 Small arteriole feeding vascular capillary bed Collagen and elastin- Dermis fibers 真皮 Arrector muscle of hair Sebaceous gland- Hair follicle Fat Cutaneous nerve. Subcutaneous tissue (superficial fascia) 皮下组织 Lymphatic vessel Superficial blood vessels ☐Deep fascia 深筋膜及肌肉 Skeletal muscle Skin ligament- (L.retinaculum cutis) Sweat gland Largest organ Layers of Skin.The skin is composed of two main layers:the epidermis,made of closely packed epithelial cells,and the dermis,made of dense,irregular connective tissue that houses blood vessels,hair follicles,sweat glands,and other structures.Beneath the dermis lies the hypodermis,which is composed mainly of loose connective and fatty tissues
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Layers of Skin. The skin is composed of two main layers: the epidermis, made of closely packed epithelial cells, and the dermis, made of dense, irregular connective tissue that houses blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and other structures. Beneath the dermis lies the hypodermis, which is composed mainly of loose connective and fatty tissues. Structure of the skin (largest organ) 表皮 真皮 皮下组织 深筋膜及肌肉 Largest organ Learn it by yourself
Copy Right-H University Visual organ or eye Eye is the window of the soul 眼睛是心灵之窗 02 >85%information Lovely language Copy Right-Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Visual organ or eye >85% information Lovely language Eye is the window of the soul ! 眼睛是心灵之窗
Copy Right-Hongqi Visual organs my-Fudan University
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Visual organs
Copy Injured eyeball removed eye tumor ty 义眼Artificial eye Copy Right-Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Injured eyeball & removed & eye tumor 义眼 Artificial eye
co General description of visual organs ity Development:from cerebral vesicle Organization:eyeball accessory organs Location:In the orbit Function:Production of vision Compound eye Feral animals-locate the front such as:tiger,lion,person Weak animals -locate both side of head.hare,deer,zebra Eagle Star Drosophila Left:Cecidomyiids ._m human
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University ◆Development: from cerebral vesicle ◆Organization: eyeball + accessory organs ◆Location: In the orbit ◆Function: Production of vision General description of visual organs Eagle Star Drosophila human Feral animals – locate the front such as: tiger, lion, person Weak animals – locate both side of head. hare, deer, zebra Compound eye
为何食草动物的眼睛长在两边，而食肉动物的眼睛长在前方 所以从这角南上，我威可以理鲜为什么食草类司物的嗣牡往长在两边，而食肉类动物的能清在往长 销面。 因为对于食肉尖动物来讲它们师食需要定位啡常祖确，定位准确了，才确距离，判如阿铺阻细 物。网只都面向韵方，显然无法看到身后的物体，但是可以有非的正的方场，可以上这些物的调 觉分茶提高。以质测距密对于食肉动物的韩常量要，母狮子只会在动物进入狩猫范周的时候才会发 起试猎行为。如甲判断距奢猫物太远，无去插捉的时候，母得子还显源意偷点睡一觉，怕足需要再忍忍机 而对于食草类动物，它要求的不是看清楚，而是看见，尽早发现危险，通过一只眼看到的是二维世 界，很难估算距离。这个时候，眼睛的灵敏度要比精准度更重要，为了灵敏度，可以在定程应上栖性精 准度。因为这个时候，对于食草动物，及早地发现危脸并抓紧时间快速躲避风险，要比石清楚风险所在， 以及风险程度大小重要得多。所以它的眼酷长在两边，可以有非常完广的视野，可以看到整个地平线。这 样的话能够尽早的发现危险，当出现危险的时候，它井不需要看清，而是看到影子就尽快的要跑起来，毕 Copy Right-Honggi ZHANG-竟跑错了多费点使力气，雯比错失逃适危验的机会失去生命的损失小很多很多
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University 为何食草动物的眼睛长在两边，而食肉动物的眼睛长在前方