Copy Right-Hor English words quiz Iniversity 1.Promontory 1.Promontory骶骨岬 2.Ischium 2.Ischium坐骨 3.Greater sciatic notch3.Greater sciatic notch坐骨大t切迹 4.Obturator foramen 4.Obturator foramen闭f孔 5.Gluteal tuberosity 5.Gluteal tuberosity臀肌粗隆 6.大转子 6.大转子greater trochanter 7. 半月板 7.半月板meniscus 8.交叉韧带 8. 交叉韧带cruciate ligament 9.骰骨 9. 骰骨cuboid 10.小腿骨间膜 10.小腿骨间膜interosseus membrane of leg
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University English words quiz 1. Promontory 2. Ischium 3. Greater sciatic notch 4. Obturator foramen 5. Gluteal tuberosity 6. 大转子 7. 半月板 8. 交叉韧带 9. 骰骨 10.小腿骨间膜 1. Promontory 骶骨岬 2. Ischium 坐骨 3. Greater sciatic notch 坐骨大切迹 4. Obturator foramen 闭孔 5. Gluteal tuberosity 臀肌粗隆 6. 大转子 greater trochanter 7. 半月板 meniscus 8. 交叉韧带 cruciate ligament 9. 骰骨 cuboid 10. 小腿骨间膜interosseus membrane of leg
Copy Right-Hongqi ZHANG-Denartment of Anatomy-Fudan University /yology肌学 MYOPHILE Copy Right-Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Myology 肌学
Classification of the muscle according to structure Skeletal muscle骨骼肌 Voluntary (mainly attach to bones) Muscle 收缩快速而有力 随意肌 striated muscle横纹肌 (Alternating light dark pattern) Cardiac muscle心肌 (in heart)自律性和同步收缩 Involuntary muscle不随意肌 Smooth muscle平滑肌 (within the walls of vessel viscera) 收缩缓慢而持久
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Cardiac muscle 心肌 (in heart) 自律性和同步收缩 Skeletal muscle骨骼肌 (mainly attach to bones) 收缩快速而有力 Voluntary Muscle 随意肌 Classification of the muscle according to structure Smooth muscle平滑肌 (within the walls of vessel & viscera) 收缩缓慢而持久 striated muscle 横纹肌 Involuntary muscle不随意肌 (Alternating light & dark pattern)
General description of skeletal muscles The skeletal muscles are the muscles attached to the bone,fascia or skin. Muscles occupy about 40%of body weight. More than 600 muscles in the whole body (640BBC) Each muscle possess a definite shape,structure, location,blood supply nerve innervation. Each muscle is regarded as a living organ. ◆Necrosist坏死((if lost blood supply),Paralysis麻痹((if lose nerve control),Atrophy(don't use for a long time). Copy Right-Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University ◆The skeletal muscles are the muscles attached to the bone, fascia or skin. ◆Muscles occupy about 40% of body weight. ◆More than 600 muscles in the whole body（640BBC） ◆Each muscle possess a definite shape, structure, location, blood supply & nerve innervation. ◆Each muscle is regarded as a living organ. ◆Necrosis坏死 (if lost blood supply), Paralysis麻痹 (if lose nerve control),Atrophy萎缩 (don’t use for a long time). General description of skeletal muscles
Copy Right- Classification of the muscle iversity according to position ◆Head muscle Muscles of back背肌 ◆Neck muscle Muscles of thorax胸肌 ◆Trunk muscle Diaphragm膈 Muscles of Abdomen,腹肌 Perineal muscles会阴肌 ◆Muscles of upper limb Muscles of shoulder肩肌 Muscles of arm臂肌 Muscles of forearm前臂肌 Muscles of hand手肌 Muscles of hip髋肌 ◆Muscles of lower limb Muscles of thigh大腿肌 Muscles of leg小腿肌 Muscles of foot足肌 Copy Right-Hongqi ZHANG-Department of natomy-T uuar orversry
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Classification of the muscle according to position ◆Head muscle ◆Neck muscle ◆Trunk muscle ◆Muscles of upper limb ◆Muscles of lower limb Muscles of back背肌 Muscles of thorax 胸肌 Diaphragm 膈 Muscles of Abdomen腹肌 Perineal muscles 会阴肌 Muscles of shoulder 肩肌 Muscles of arm 臂肌 Muscles of forearm 前臂肌 Muscles of hand 手肌 Muscles of hip 髋肌 Muscles of thigh大腿肌 Muscles of leg 小腿肌 Muscles of foot 足肌
Classification of muscle according to shape Classification Long muscle长肌 Short muscle短肌 Broad muscle阔肌 Orbicular muscle轮匝肌 Orbicular m. Short m. Broad m. Annual ring年轮 Long muscles Pennate 羽状的 Biceps Unipennate Bipennate Multipennate Digastric Rectus abdominis 二头肌 单羽肌 双羽肌 多羽肌 Muscle 腹直肌 Copy Right-Hongqr Z7ANs-Department or A7 atorny-f二腹肌 nMultibelly m.多腹肌
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Short m. Broad m. Orbicular m. Annual ring 年轮 Classification Long muscle 长肌 Short muscle 短肌 Broad muscle 阔肌 Orbicular muscle 轮匝肌 Long muscles Biceps 二头肌 Multipennate 多羽肌 Digastric Muscle 二腹肌 Unipennate 单羽肌 Bipennate 双羽肌 Classification of muscle according to shape Rectus abdominis 腹直肌 Multibelly m.多腹肌 Pennate 羽状的
Copy Right-Hongqi Learn it by yourself an University ■一一■1二腹肌口 轮匝肌 Digastric Circular (omohyoid) (orbicularis oculi) Fusiform Multipennate (biceps (deltoid) 多羽状肌 brachii) 索状肌 Convergent (pectoralis Flat parallel major) muscle with aponeurosis (external oblique) Tendinous 腱划 扁平行肌 intersections Quadrate (rectus abdominis) Bipennate 腹直肌 (rectus femoris) Thin 双羽状肌 parallel muscle (sartorius) 薄平行状肌 单羽状肌 Unipennate (extensor digitorum longus) FIGURE 1.18.Architecture and shape of skeletal muscles.The architecture and shape of a skeletal muscle depend on the arrangement of its fibers
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University FIGURE 1.18. Architecture and shape of skeletal muscles. The architecture and shape of a skeletal muscle depend on the arrangement of its fibers. Learn it by yourself 多羽状肌 二腹肌 腱划 腹直肌 薄平行状肌 单羽状肌 双羽状肌 扁平行肌 索状肌 轮匝肌
Copy Rig Structure of skeleton muscle Iniversity Muscular part肌性部&tendinous part腱性部 Muscular Muscular part Tendon part 肌腱 Tendinous腱划 Belly intersection 肌腹 Tendon 肌腱 Aponeurosis 腱膜 Belly-contract收缩 Tendon-don't contract Copy Right-Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Structure of skeleton muscle Belly 肌腹 Tendon 肌腱 Aponeurosis 腱膜 Tendinous 腱划 intersection Belly-contract 收缩 Tendon-don’t contract Muscular part Muscular part Muscular part 肌性部 & tendinous part 腱性部 Tendon 肌腱
Copy Ri Muscle attachment肌肉的附着 1-Origin起点 2-Belly肌腹 3-Tendon肌腱 4-Insertion止点 屈前臂 拈抗肌 原动肌 1.Usually muscle distribute paired成对分布 伸前臀 2.Muscle works by functional groups功能群 3.Extensor&flexor伸肌和屈肌 4.Pronator&supinator旋前肌和旋后肌 约3-3原动肌与拮抗肌作用示意图 5.Adductor&abductor内收肌和外展肌 6.Medial rotator&lateral rotator旋内肌与旋外肌 Copy Right-Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Muscle attachment 肌肉的附着 1-Origin 起点 2-Belly 肌腹 3-Tendon 肌腱 4-Insertion 止点 1 2 3 4 1. Usually muscle distribute paired 成对分布 2. Muscle works by functional groups 功能群 3. Extensor & flexor 伸肌和屈肌 4. Pronator & supinator 旋前肌和旋后肌 5. Adductor & abductor 内收肌和外展肌 6. Medial rotator & lateral rotator 旋内肌与旋外肌
Copy Righ Nomenclature of muscles肌的命名 ◆Shape Deltoid三角肌，trapezius斜方肌 ◆Size Major,minor,longus,brevis ◆Location Pectoralis major胸大肌 Intercostal m.肋间肌 ◆Points of attachment Sternocleidomastoid m.胸锁乳突肌 ◆Orientation of fiber Rectus.直，oblique斜，transverse横 ◆Relative position Lateral,medial.internal external ◆Function Adductor内收肌，flexor屈肌，extensor伸 pronatori旋前肌，adductor展肌etc. Copy Right-Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University
Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University ◆Shape Deltoid三角肌, trapezius 斜方肌 ◆Size Major, minor, longus, brevis 短 ◆Location Pectoralis major 胸大肌 Intercostal m. 肋间肌 ◆Points of attachment Sternocleidomastoid m.胸锁乳突肌 ◆Orientation of fiber Rectus直, oblique 斜, transverse 横 ◆Relative position Lateral,medial.internal & external ◆Function Adductor内收肌,flexor屈肌,extensor伸肌, pronator旋前肌，adductor 展肌 etc. Nomenclature of muscles 肌的命名