西安培华学院：《综合英语》课程教学资源（教案讲义）Unit 04 Dealing with AIDS.doc_大学文库

It *Affect, aids, bedridden, bond, bubble, carefree, emotion, germ, homosexual, invincible, lesion, breakdown, hangout, maintain, mall, mature, outlook, positive, plague, react,str ess. stuff XBE *I blew it off. para. 2 ),homosexual disease, sick joke, the hospital staff had a bubble around him 综合英语教程(教师用书),何兆熊,2004,上海外语教育出版社。参考资料牛津高阶英汉双解词典,李北达,牛津大学出版社作业 Ex 2: language work, Ex 3: grammar work, Ex4: word formation, Ex 5 vocabulary work, Ex 6: Translation Unit 4 Dealing with aIDs 一、 Background information About the text This text is a true and unforgettable story based on the writers personal experience. The writer record the actual events in a chronological sequence. It is to be noted that the first person narration is employed, and that the narration of events is coupled with descriptions of the writers psychological activities. Also, it is worth mentioning that the beginning and the end echo other 三、 try to answer the following questions: Why did the author and David hang out much when they were at high shool according to the Why did david pull the author aside in the mall and break down in tears? What caused Davids lethal disease The author lost most of his friends, didn t he? why? When was David put in hospital? Why did the author cry in front of David for the first time? Why does the author now educate people about AIDS? E Structural Analysis: the whole text can be divided into three parts Partl(para. 1) It introduced the story and asserts the beneficial result from deal ing with AIDS Part2(para. 2-7): It narrates the process in dealing with AIDS Part3(para. 8): It concludes the story and relates the first part of the story 四. Language work 1. dealing with alds: taking action against AlDS 2. strengthen: become or make strong or increase the strength of e.g. The soldiers strengthened their defenses We have strengthened our national economy and contained the inflation The wind had strengthened overnight 1)something that forms a connection between people or groups, such as a feeling of friendship or shared ideas and experiences e.g. Common tastes form a bond between the two men

Unit 4 Dealing with AIDS 一、Background information: About the text: This text is a true and unforgettable story based on the writer’s personal experience. The writer record the actual events in a chronological sequence. It is to be noted that the first person narration is employed, and that the narration of events is coupled with descriptions of the writer ’s psychological activities. Also, it is worth mentioning that the beginning and the end echo other. 二、try to answer the following questions: Why did the author and David hang out much when they were at high shool according to the author? Why did David pull the author aside in the mall and break down in tears? What caused David’s lethal disease? The author lost most of his friends,didn’t he?why? When was David put in hospital? Why did the author cry in front of David for the first time? Why does the author now educate people about AIDS? 三、Structural Analysis: the whole text can be divided into three parts Part1（para.1):It introduced the story and asserts the beneficial result from dealing with AIDS. Part2 (para.2-7):It narrates the process in dealing with AIDS. Part3(para.8): It concludes the story and relates the first part of the story. 四. Language Work 1. dealing with AIDS: taking action against AIDS 2. strengthen : become or make strong or increase the strength of e.g. The soldiers strengthened their defenses. We have strengthened our national economy and contained the inflation The wind had strengthened overnight. . 3. bond 1) something that forms a connection between people or groups, such as a feeling of friendship or shared ideas and experiences e.g. Common tastes form a bond between the two men. 重点 Affect,aids,bedridden,bond,bubble,carefree,emotion,germ,homosexual,invincible, lesion,breakdown,hangout,maintain,mall,mature,outlook,positive,plague,react,str ess, stuff. 难点 I blew it off.(para.2),homosexual disease, sick joke, the hospital staff had a bubble around him. 参考资料综合英语教程（教师用书），何兆熊，2004，上海外语教育出版社。牛津高阶英汉双解词典，李北达，牛津大学出版社。作业 Ex 2: language work, Ex 3: grammar work, Ex4: word formation, Ex 5: vocabulary work, Ex 6: Translation

共同的爱好使两人结交为朋友。 2)a written agreement or promise that has legal force eg. We entered into a solemn bond with them我们缔结了一项正式协定 4 mature. maturation 1). fully grown or dev lly or physically e.g. In China a person over 18 years old is considered mature Her character matured during these years 5. carefree: free from anxiety having no worries or problems e.g. Little children are always carefree He thought back to the carefree days of his childhood After finishing our exams we all felt happy and carefree 6. I was just living life up. I was just enjoying life to my heartscontent 7. invincible: incapable of being overcome or defeated; unconquerable e.g. Our manager has an invincible will 我们的经理有着坚强的意志 There is no army in the world that is invincible 8...so we didnt hang out as much. :.so we did not spend a lot of time together as we had done before we go to high school Hang out:(informal)visit a place often; spend a lot of time in a particular place e.g. Where has he been hanging out these days? I often used to hang out in supermarkets 1) disturb or anger, especially by minor irritations, annoy e.g. The problem has been bothering me for weeks 那问题已经困扰了我几个星期 2)take the trouble; concern oneself e.g. Shall I help you with the washing up? Dont bother I'll do it later 10. so I called him and he hung up on me: so I phoned him but he refused to talk to me on the phone by replacing the receiver. so I rang him up, but he put back the receiver because he did not want to have a telephone conversation with me hang up(on)sb: informal )end a telephone conversation by replacing the receiver e.g. I didn, t have a chance to apologize: she hung up on me 我没有机会向她道歉,我还未讲完,她就把电话挂了。 ll. so once again I blew it off.: so I failed to get him once more. /so I once again gave up my effort to talk to him The word it in 'blew it off has no exact meaning. it is used after the verb to help form the idiom blow it off 12. I confronted him as to why we are not friends any more. I faced him bravely( came face to face with him ) challenging him why we were not friends any more Confront 1).comefacetofacewithespeciallywithdefianceorhostility Confronted by an angry crowd the police retreated

共同的爱好使两人结交为朋友。 2) a written agreement or promise that has legal force e.g. We entered into a solemn bond with them.我们缔结了一项正式协定. 4. mature: maturation 1).fully grown or developed mentally or physically e.g. In China a person over 18 years old is considered mature. Her character matured during these years. 5. carefree : free from anxiety ; having no worries or problems e.g. Little children are always carefree. He thought back to the carefree days of his childhood. After finishing our exams we all felt happy and carefree. 6. I was just living life up. : I was just enjoying life to my heart’s content. 7. invincible : incapable of being overcome or defeated; unconquerable e.g. Our manager has an invincible will. 我们的经理有着坚强的意志。 There is no army in the world that is invincible. 8. … so we didn’t hang out as much .: … so we did not spend a lot of time together as we had done before we go to high school. Hang out : (informal) visit a place often; spend a lot of time in a particular place e.g. Where has he been hanging out these days? I often used to hang out in supermarkets. 9. bother: 1).disturb or anger ,especially by minor irritations; annoy e.g. The problem has been bothering me for weeks. 那问题已经困扰了我几个星期. 2)take the trouble; concern oneself e.g. Shall I help you with the washing up?' `Don't bother I'll do it later.' ‘ 10. so I called him and he hung up on me : so I phoned him but he refused to talk to me on the phone by replacing the receiver. / so I rang him up , but he put back the receiver because he did not want to have a telephone conversation with me . hang up (on) sb : ( informal ) end a telephone conversation by replacing the receiver e.g. I didn't have a chance to apologize: she hung up on me. 我没有机会向她道歉，我还未讲完，她就把电话挂了。 11. so once again I blew it off. : so I failed to get him once more. / so I once again gave up my effort to talk to him. The word it in ‘blew it off’has no exact meaning .it is used after the verb to help form the idiom “blow it off”. 12. I confronted him as to why we are not friends any more. : I faced him bravely ( came face to face with him ), challenging him why we were not friends any more. Confront: 1).come face to face with , especially with defiance or hostility. Confronted by an angry crowd the police retreated

2 )come up against; encounter e.g. Walking in such a jungle, you will confront danger at every turn As to: with regard to; on the subject of; concerning e.g. At worst we ll have to sell the house so as to settle our debts He is very uncertain as to whether it is the right job for him 13. break down. (1) lose control of one s feelings e.g. He broke down and wept when he heard the news (2)cease to function because of a mechanical or electrical fault e.g. The telephone system has broken down () fail to have any results; collapse e.g. Negotiations between the two sides have broken down 14. affect (1) have an influence on or effect a change in e.g. The climate affected his health (2)act on the emotions of touch or move e.g. He was much affected by the sad news 15. a sick joke: a disgusting joke; a joke which is unhealthy or unnaturally cruel 16. when I got home things started to make sense. when I came back home, I began to understand things when I returned home i began to realize the situation Make sense (1) have an understandable meaning e.g. Can you make sense of this poem? (2) be sensible; have or show sense e.g. It doesnt make sense to buy that very expensive leather coat when these cheaper ones are just 17. I had to handle it all on my own. I had to cope with it completely by myself. /I had to deal with it all alone, since my parents would do nothing about it this time (1) touch, lift, or hold with the hands e.g. Customers are asked not to handle the goods in the shop (2) operate with the hands; manipulate e.g. He is very skillful at handling the machine (3) cope with or dispose of e.g. I was impressed by her handling of the affair 18. David and I became very close again. David and I became intimate friends again, just as we had been in the past (1) near in space or time The two planets look very close to each other, but actually they are many light-years apart (2) near in relationship e.g. Close relatives are forbidden to marry each other. ()bound by mutual interests, loyalties, or affections; intimate

2)come up against ; encounter e.g. Walking in such a jungle, you will confront danger at every turn. As to : with regard to ; on the subject of ;concerning e.g. At worst we'll have to sell the house so as to settle our debts. He is very uncertain as to whether it is the right job for him. 13. break down: (1) lose control of one’s feelings e.g. He broke down and wept when he heard the news. (2) cease to function because of a mechanical or electrical fault e.g. The telephone system has broken down. (3) fail to have any results; collapse e.g. Negotiations between the two sides have broken down . 14. affect: (1) have an influence on or effect a change in e.g. The climate affected his health. (2) act on the emotions of ;touch or move e.g. He was much affected by the sad news. 15. a sick joke : a disgusting joke ; a joke which is unhealthy or unnaturally cruel 16. when I got home things started to make sense. : when I came back home , I began to understand things./ when I returned home I began to realize the situation. Make sense : (1) have an understandable meaning e.g. Can you make sense of this poem? (2) be sensible ; have or show sense e.g. It doesn’t make sense to buy that very expensive leather coat when these cheaper ones are just as good. 17. I had to handle it all on my own.: I had to cope with it completely by myself. / I had to deal with it all alone, since my parents would do nothing about it this time . handle : (1) touch ,lift , or hold with the hands e.g. Customers are asked not to handle the goods in the shop. (2) operate with the hands ; manipulate e.g. He is very skillful at handling the machine . (3) cope with or dispose of e.g. I was impressed by her handling of the affair. 18. David and I became very close again .: David and I became intimate friends again, just as we had been in the past. Close: (1) near in space or time The two planets look very close to each other, but actually they are many light-years apart. (2) near in relationship e.g. Close relatives are forbidden to marry each other. (3) bound by mutual interests , loyalties, or affections ; intimate

e.g. We become close friends because of many similar likes and dislikes 19. sooner or later: one day eventually( whether immediately or in the future e.g. You will leave your parents sooner or later. 20. find out: learn by study or inquiry e.g. You can find out many advantages in urban life She will certainly find out the truth sooner or later 21. as if he had a plag though he was a carrier of a plague PI ag (1)an attack of disease causing death and spreading quickly to many people e.g. A great plague was then raging in the city 那时一场大瘟疫正在该城肆虐。 (2)a widespread, uncontrollable, and harmful mass or number e.g. a plague of locusts destroyed all the crops in this area. 22. our friends from school wanted nothing to do with him: our friends from school did not want to have any connection with him. They stayed away from him and avoided getting in touch with him e.g. All of a sudden, the front tyre burst, and the driver had to stop and get it replaced 24. keep up: move or progress at the same rate e.g. The high cost of raw materials is keeping prices up She likes to keep up with the latest fashions 25 realize. (1)comprehend or understand completely or correctly e.g. Only after you lose your health, will you realize the importance of health. (2) make real; to make come true; ful e.g. He finally realized his lifelong ambition to be a diplomat 26. go through sth. experience, endure or suffer sth e.g. She's gone through a difficult time recentl The hero has gone through numerous hardships and difficulties 27. I must keep a positive attitude for his sake.: For his benefit i must maintain an active and cheerful attitude. showing a firm belief that he would be able to conquer his disease. / In order to improve Davids health, I must continue to display confidence that he would be able to overcome aids in the end (1)characterized by or displaying certainty, acceptance, or affirmation e.g. There is positive proof that he did it e.g. We must keep a positive attitude towards patients suffering from cancer 28. stress

e.g. We become close friends because of many similar likes and dislikes. 19. sooner or later: one day ; eventually ( whether immediately or in the future ) e.g. You will leave your parents sooner or later. 20. find out : learn by study or inquiry e.g. You can find out many advantages in urban life. She will certainly find out the truth sooner or later. 21. as if he had a plague. : as though he was a carrier of a plague. Plague: (1) an attack of disease causing death and spreading quickly to many people e.g. A great plague was then raging in the city. 那时一场大瘟疫正在该城肆虐。 (2) a widespread , uncontrollable , and harmful mass or number e.g. A plague of locusts destroyed all the crops in this area. 22. our friends from school wanted nothing to do with him : our friends from school did not want to have any connection with him. They stayed away from him and avoided getting in touch with him. 23. all of a sudden : suddenly ; unexpectedly e.g. All of a sudden , the front tyre burst, and the driver had to stop and get it replaced. 24. keep up : move or progress at the same rate e.g. The high cost of raw materials is keeping prices up. She likes to keep up with the latest fashions. 25. realize: (1) comprehend or understand completely or correctly e.g. Only after you lose your health, will you realize the importance of health. (2) make real ; to make come true ; fulfill e.g. He finally realized his lifelong ambition to be a diplomat. 26. go through sth. : experience, endure or suffer sth. e.g. She's gone through a difficult time recently. The hero has gone through numerous hardships and difficulties. 27. I must keep a positive attitude for his sake. : For his benefit I must maintain an active and cheerful attitude, showing a firm belief that he would be able to conquer his disease. / In order to improve David's health, I must continue to display confidence that he would be able to overcome AIDS in the end. positive (1) characterized by or displaying certainty, acceptance, or affirmation e.g. There is positive proof that he did it. (2) very sure; quite certain; confident e.g. We must keep a positive attitude towards patients suffering from cancer. 28. stress

(1)a state of extreme difficulty, pressure, or strain e.g. I can't bear the stresses and strains of modern life.我不能忍受现代生活的压力和紧张 2)importance, sig phasis placed on sth e.g. The government put great stress on this issue now again(sb. or sth. that one has seen, heard, or experienced before) e.g. He has changed so much that I can hardly recognize him 30. lesion: a wound; a dangerous change in the form or working of a part of the body, especially after an operation or accident 损害损伤精神的伤害,障碍 The patient has been suffering from a brain lesion since his operation e e.g. He has purple lesions all over his body because he has experienced an operation 31. maintain (1)keep up or carry on; continue e.g. Part of my job is to maintain good relationship with our suppliers (2)keep in an existing state; preserve or retain e.g. The government has taken a measure to maintain the stability of prices (1)a point of view, an attitude e.g. a positive outlook on life is very important to success (2)view on which one looks out e.g. The villa has a pleasant outlook over the valley 33. grateful appreciative of benefits received; thankful; expressing gratitude e.g. I am heartily grateful to your hely am very grateful to all the teachers who have taught me at this university 五、难句解析 1. I had no worries and was just living life up. (para. 1, Line3) 【改写】 i had no worries and was enjoy ing life to my heart’ s content 【译文】我没有任何烦恼,正尽情地享受着生活 2. ".we didn' t hang out as much. (para. 2, Line2-3) 【改写】…… we did not spend a lot of time together as we had done before we got to high school 【译文】……我们不像以前那样经常混在一起。 3. I didn' t know what to do, so once again I blew it off. (Para. 2, L6 【改写】 I didn’ t know what to do, so i failed to get him once more/so i once again gave up my effort to talk to him 【译文】我不知道该做什么,所以我又一次没把它当回事 4. People looked at him as if he had a plague, and our friends from school wanted nothing to do with him. (para. 4, Lines 3-4 【改写】 People looked at him as if he had a plague, and our friends from school did

(1) a state of extreme difficulty, pressure, or strain e.g. I can't bear the stresses and strains of modern life.我不能忍受现代生活的压力和紧张。 (2) importance, significance, or emphasis placed on sth. : e.g. The government put great stress on this issue. 29. recognize: know again (sb. or sth. that one has seen, heard, or experienced before) e.g. He has changed so much that I can hardly recognize him. 30. lesion : a wound; a dangerous change in the form or working of a part of the body, especially after an operation or accident 损害,损伤精神的伤害,障碍 e.g. He has purple lesions all over his body because he has experienced an operation. The patient has been suffering from a brain lesion since his operation. 31. maintain (1) keep up or carry on; continue e.g. Part of my job is to maintain good relationship with our suppliers. (2) keep in an existing state; preserve or retain e.g. The government has taken a measure to maintain the stability of prices. 32. outlook (1) a point of view; an attitude e.g. A positive outlook on life is very important to success. (2) view on which one looks out e.g. The villa has a pleasant outlook over the valley. 33. grateful : appreciative of benefits received; thankful; expressing gratitude e.g. I am heartily grateful to your help. I am very grateful to all the teachers who have taught me at this university. 五、难句解析 1.I had no worries and was just living life up.(para.1,Line3) 【改写】I had no worries and was enjoying life to my heart’s content. 【译文】我没有任何烦恼，正尽情地享受着生活。 2.……we didn’t hang out as much.(para.2,Line2-3) 【改写】……we did not spend a lot of time together as we had done before we got to high school. 【译文】……我们不像以前那样经常混在一起。 3.I didn’t know what to do,so once again I blew it off.(Para.2,L6) 【改写】I didn’t know what to do,so i failed to get him once more/so i once again gave up my effort to talk to him. 【译文】我不知道该做什么，所以我又一次没把它当回事。 4.People looked at him as if he had a plague, and our friends from school wanted nothing to do with him.(para.4,Lines 3-4) 【改写】People looked at him as if he had a plague, and our friends from school did