4. The Michaelis-Menten Model Accounts for the Kinetic Properties of Many Enzymes －动力学 5. Enzymes Can Be Inhibited by Specific Molecules －抑制作用

Serine proteases : to promote a reaction that is almost immeasurably slow at neutral pH in the absence of a catalyst. 将pH 7.0几乎不发生 的反应(蛋白质水解）进行下去 -Carbonic anhydrases: to achieve a high absolute rate of reaction,suitable for integration with other rapid physiological processes. 加速以与其他快速生理过程融合 -Restriction endonucleases, to attain a high degree of specificity.实现 酶切反应的高度特异性 - NMP kinases: to transfer a phosphoryl group from AT P to a nucleotide and not to water.磷酸基团从ATP转移给另一个核苷酸（而不 会转移到水分子）

1.A Nucleic Acid Consists of Four Kinds of Bases Linked to a Sugar-Phosphate Backbone 2.A Pair of Nucleic Acid Chains with Complementary Sequences Can Form a Double￾Helical Structure 3.DNA Is Replicated by Polymerases That Take Instructions from Templates

1. Proteins Are Built from a Repertoire of 20 Amino Acids 2. Primary Structure: Amino Acids Are Linked by Peptide Bonds to Form Polypeptide Chains 3. Secondary Structure: Polypeptide Chains Can Fold into Regular Structures Such As the Alpha Helix, the Beta Sheet, and Turns and Loops

1996年清华大学硕士入学生化试题 一.写出下列各化学物的结构式(20分) (1)-d葡萄糖(b-d--Glucose) (2)乳糖(Lactose) (3)5-腺苷三磷酸(5-Adenosine triphosphate) (4)磷脂酰胆碱(Phosphatidylcholine) (5)4-羟基脯氨酸(--Hydroxyproline) (6)丹磺酰氯(Dansyl chloride) (7)丝氨酸-氨酸酪氨酸丙氨酸-亮氨酸(Ser-gly-tyr-ala-

Chapter Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins 0. General Introduction Proteins are polymers(多聚体) of amino acids. -20 amino acids(氨基酸)→ millions of proteins with different properties and activities. Protein structures are studied at primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary levels. -a helix, B sheets, globular, complexes, denaturation and folding. Proteins have widely diverse forms and functions

维生素是维持机体正常生命活动不可缺少的一类 小分子有机化合物。它既不是机体的结构物质,又不 是营养物质。许多维生素,特别是维生素B族,常常 以辅因子的形式参与体内代谢 维生素种类按其溶性可将其分为脂溶性和水溶性:

第一节 大豆制品的概念与分类 一 概念 二 分类 第二节 大豆的化学成分 第三节 脱脂大豆制品 第四节 大豆生物活性物质的开发及应用 A大豆磷脂 B大豆低聚糖 C大豆多肽 D大豆异黄酮 E大豆皂甙 F大豆膳食纤维 G维生素E

一.糖酶与消化: a-淀粉酶:唾液淀粉酶(水解a-1,4-糖苷键) 淀粉酶 胰淀粉酶 (a-d-g)n-淀粉酶:水解G非还原端(大麦麦芽) 支链淀粉酶:水解a-1,6-糖苷键 多糖酶纤维素酶(B-D-G)n:除牛等动物外,一般动物无此酶

一、选择题(选择一个确切的答案) 1、高效液相色谱分离效果好的一个主要原因是( ): A、压力高 B、吸附剂的颗粒小 C、流速快 D、有自动记录