Inborn errors of metabolism Overview Disorders in which defects of single gene cause clinically significant blocks in metabolic pathways Many kinds of disorders Lower incidence Clinical manifestations vary widely: mental retardation, seizure, hypotonia, failure to thrive

1.小儿体液的总量 年龄越小,水分的比例越大. 体液的总量在新生儿为80% 年长儿为65% 成人为60%

Introdution Morbidity and mortality The compromised host of the neonates in immunology Pathogens for clinical consideration Clinical manifestation Antibiotic therapy

Definition Rickets is the term signifying a failure in mineralization of growing bone or osteoid tissue

Preventive and clinical medicine s Protect and promote children as follows: 1. physical and psychosocial health 2. social adaptive abilities

Important to notice Recognize neonates with different gestational age(GA) General care for the neonates Special risks of the prematures and LBWI Importance of the initial examination after birth

患儿男15月于生后8月、12月患肺炎2次 给予抗感染治疗后,均于2周后治愈出院。本次因 右踝部虫咬后皮肤化脓持续不愈而要求免疫学检 查 患儿按时接种各种疫苗,未发现明显不良反应, 家族中无类似疾病史

病史 6岁男孩 3天前右前臂被蜂叮咬后,出现局部红肿反应 第2天出现胸痛胸片检查阴性

病人在门诊、急诊、留观及住院期间全 部医疗资料总称

Cyanosis---Hints central cyanosis: implies decreased arterial oxygen saturation Peripheral cyanosis: caused by a decreased rate of peripheral blood flow