一概述 二证候特征 三病因病机 四诊治纲要 五分证论治 六临床禁忌

Water and Sodium Metabolism Control of water excretion Control of sodium excretion Hyponatremia and hypernatremia

Contents Normal anatomy,physiology and metabolism of the kidney Clinical manifestation of renal disease Diagnosis and treatment

一、掌握肾脏的生理功能。 二、掌握肾脏疾病的诊断与评估方法。 三、熟悉肾脏疾病的症状学。 四、了解肾脏疾病的治疗

Classification Prerenal ARF Intrinsic renal ARF Postrenal ARF

HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA (reduced RBC life span) Anemia of increased destruction cNormochromic, normochromic anemia Shortened RBC survival cRReticulocytosis--Response to increased rBC destruction caIncreased indirect bilirubin cRIncreased LDH

(一)掌握本病实验室检査特点、诊断要点及治疗原则。 (二)熟悉本病临床表现,急、慢性IP的鉴别。 (三)了解本病的发病原理

Outline Bone marrow hematopoiesis failure led by chemicals, radiation, biological factors and unknown etiology. The common clinical presentation is mild to severe pancytopenia

Chronic Renal Insufficiency Pathogen and pathogenesis Manifestation Laboratory examination Diagnosis and differential diagnosis Treatment

Definition Absent iron-store hemoglobin synthesisl A microcytic and hypochromic anemia The most common nutritional