Definition: Group A set G of elements and operator @ form a group if: for all x,y in G, x @ y is also in G (inclusion) there is an identity element e such that for all x in G, e@x = x for all x in G, there is an inverse element x

Modular arithmetic – Used to define a finite field – a = b mod n means that if a and b are divided by n they produce the same remainder – a*b mod n can result in 0 even if a and b are not 0

Cryptographic protocol – Distributed algorithm – Based on cryptographic building blocks – To achieve a security related goal Examples: – Entity Authentication – Key Establishment:Key Distribution(Key enveloping, Key transport), Key agreement – Electronic Payment

913如题9-13图所示,圆轴AB与套管CD用刚性突缘E焊 接成一体,并在截面A承受扭力偶矩M作用,圆轴的直径d=56m mm,许用切应力[r]=80MPa,套管的外径D=80mm,壁厚b=6 mm,许用切应力[r2]=40MPa

5-1电线杆AB长10m,在其顶端受8.4kN的水平力作 用。杆的底端A可视为球形铰链,并由BD、BE两钢索维持杆的平 衡(见题5-1图(a)),试求钢索的拉力和点A的约束力

4-1试求题4-1图所示各梁支座的约束力。设力的单位为 kN,力偶矩的单位为kN·m,长度单位为m,分布载荷集度为 kN/m。(提示:计算非均布载荷的投影和与力矩和时需应用积分。)

1、事件的关系运算 2、概率的运算 3、事件的独立性 4、条件概率 5、全概率公式及贝叶斯公式

8-1试求题8-1图(a)、(b)、(c)、(d)所示各杆的轴力,并指出 轴力的最大值。 解应用截面法和静力学平衡条件确定题8-1图(a)、(b)、 (c)、(d)所示各杆的轴力

3-1已知梁AB上作用一力偶,力偶矩为M,梁长为l,梁重不 计。求在题3-1图(a)、(b)、(c)三种情况下,支座A和B的约束力

9.1滤波电路的基本概念与分类 9.2一阶有源滤波电路 9.3高阶有源滤波电路 9.4开关电容滤波电路 9.5正弦波振荡电路的振荡条件 9.6RC正弦波振荡电路 9.7LC正弦波振荡电路 9.8非正弦波振荡电路