The result appears to be trivial, but it is not. Notice that the “velocity increment” ∆V is actually equal to the decrease in orbital velocity. The rocket is pushing forward, but the velocity is decreasing. This is because in a r-2 force field, the kinetic energy is equal in magnitude but of the opposite sign
Statistical approach to estimation Examine the multivariate Gaussian distribution: (x-)\v-(x-) Multivariant f(x)= Minimize (x-u)'v(x-u) gives largest probability density By minimizing the argument of the exponential in the probability density function, we maximize the likelihood of the estimates(MLE)