Let A and B be sets. A function f from A to B is an assignment of exactly one element of B to each element of A. We write f(a) = b if b is the unique element of B assigned by the function f to the element a of A. If f is a function from A to B, we write f : A→B

有界性定理 定理3.4.1若函数f(x)在闭区间[a,b]上连续,则它在[a,b]上有 界。 证用反证法。 若f(x)在[ab]上无界,将[ab]等分为两个小区间[aa+b]与 a+b,b,则f(x)至少在其中之一上无界,把它记为[a,b] 再将闭区间[ab]与等分为两个小区间a1,a1+b]与a1+b

4.5线性方程组解的结构 b 齐次方程组Ax=0 非齐次方程组Ax=b(b≠0) 结论:(1)[4b]→[d,Ax=b与Cx=d同解 (2)Ax=0有非零解兮rank4