development of forests A s forests are complex ecosystems requiring which the unique role of forests is recognized, balanced and sustainable management, one partnerships between and among countries from of the main challenges today is to reconcile the the north and the South are the basis on which often conflicting priorities of those who depend on Joint Implementation and the Clean Development them for a whole range of goods and services. It is Mechanism are built

policy dialogue n the years following the United Nations Facility in bringing about positive change with Conference on environment and regard to capacity building, information sharing Development(UNCED ), ongoing and often and knowledge management is also intensive international debate on forest policy underscored. In conclusion, the chapter

the role of forests ependable freshwater supplies and the Technologies exist to deal with water scarcity, ability to cope with the extremes of toolittle and to some extent with the effed cts of or too much water are requisites for sustainable hydrometeorological extremes (Brooks et al, human dev ater 1997). If they are to be turned into solutions, scarcity issued at the end of the twentieth century several constraints must be overcome, including

mprovements in science and technology are communities environmental groups, the private critical to the sustainable management of sector and civil society, coupled with forests, woodlands and trees, and to their international efforts that began with the United

ACRONYMS AFWC DESA African Forestry and Wildlife Commission United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs AIDS ed immunodeficiency syndrome DFID

Sales and Marketing Group, Information Division, FAO aahl oLshotNU-s Teal d 0697os fi E-ma fap.org/catalog/giphomehtm PUBLIC PUNTOS VENTA DE PUBLICACIONES DE LA FAC Mundi Prensa Libros S.A

3.4.1景观多样性 1生物多样性(biodiversity 生物多样性是所有生物种类、种内遗传变异和它们的生存环境的总和。 遗传多样性(genetic diversity)种内所有遗传变异信息的总和,蕴藏在动植物和微生物的个体基因里

景观是由景观元素组成,景观元素是地面上相对同质的生态要素或单元。 景观元素有三种类型 1斑块( patch) 2走廊 corridor) 3基质 matrix)

景观生态分类与评价既是景观结构与功能研究的基础,又是景观生态规划、评价及管理等应用研究的前提条件,是景观生态学理论与应用研究的纽带

观赏植物在园林绿地、森林公园及风景 名胜区中应用的方式很多。没有一定的 固定的程式。 应用的原则是在满足植物生态习性的基 础上,最大限度的发挥其环境效益和美 学效益,最大限度的满足人们社会需求 和生活需求。 应用的方式主要为室外和室内两个方面