6=e.e e.×e Eiker j Vφ 随体倒数Dn-ar +(V)a a e Vxa=(e.)x(a e)=e

Interpretation over a singleton Let I be , and σ ∈ ΣI. 1. I(A)(σ) = I(∀xA)(σ). 2. I(t)(σ) = a. 3. I(Sx1,···,xn t1,···,tn A)(σ) = I(A)(σ). 4. I0(P), σ(P) ∈ {I(n), Ψ(n)} for every n-ary predicate constant (variable), where

1.拉格朗日变数(a,b,c)给出的流体运动规律为x=ae,y=b(1+1) z=ce(1+t) -2 l)求以欧拉变数描述的速度场;

Graphs(review) Definition. a directed graph(digraph G=(, E)is an ordered pair consisting of a set y of vertices(singular: vertex) a sete c× of edges. In an undirected graphG=(V, E), the edge set e consists of unordered pairs of vertices In either case, we have El=O(v2).Moreover if G is connected, then E2v-l, which

设曲面Σ由方程z=z(x,y)给出,则另一方面,曲面的法向量为(-2x-)单位法向量为

Testing for AR(IS eria Correlation Want to be able to test for whether the errors are serially correlated or not Want to test the null thatp=0 in u,=pu, 1 +et=2.. where u is the model error

Ch. 20 Processes with Deterministic Trends 1 Traditional Asymptotic Results of OlS Suppose a linear regression model with stochastic regressor given by Y=x!3+e,t=1,2,…,T,;B∈R or in matrix form y=xB+E We are interested in the asymptotic properties such as consistency and limiting

定理3.4.1若AcR\,BcR”,且均可测,则A×B={(a,b)|a∈A,b∈B} R\×R为可测集,且m(A×B)= mAXmB 证明1)若区间IcR\,I2cR,则显然I×I2为R\×R中的区间,从 而可测。且|I×12|=|I|×|I2|

6.1定积分与不定积分 给定非负函数y=f(x),定义于闭区间[a,b],如果我们要求函数图形y=f(x)下边 曲边梯形面积,就需要定积分[f(x)dtx。 定闭区间[a,b]内任意时刻的即时速度y=∫(1),求[a,b]内走过路程,也需要定 积分O)d 定义函数f(x)定义在[a,b上

考虑质点沿直线运动,已知位移S=S(1),求即时速度:v()=s'(1)是求导运算;反过 来,如果知道每个时刻的即时速度v(t),求位移s(1),则是个逆运算,即要找一个函数s(n), 使得s(1)=v(t)。这个s(1)就是v(1)的不定积分,也称为原函数