1. Development of kidney and ureter 2. Development of urinary bladder and urethra 3. Abnormality in urinary system 4. Development of gonad 5. Development of reproductive tracts 6. Abnormality in reproductive system

消化管 Digestive Tract、泌尿系统 Urinary system、生殖系统的发生

▪ component urinary organs: kidneys micturition organs: ureter, bladder and urethra ▪ function ✓ discharge metabolite ✓ regulate the balance of water and electrolyte ✓ endocrine function: renin, erythropoietin, prostaglandin

Structure of kidney Glomerulonephritis Pyelonephritis Tumors

▪ component urinary organs: kidneys micturition organs: ureter, bladder and urethra ▪ function ✓ discharge metabolite ✓ regulate the balance of water and electrolyte ✓ endocrine function: renin, erythropoietin, prostaglandin

Contents Glomerulonephritis Pyelonephritis Tumors of the kidney and bladder

一、泌尿系统包括: 二、肾 三、输尿管 四、膀胱 五、尿道

第一节 肾小球肾炎 Glomerulonephritis 第二节 肾小管-间质性肾炎 （tubulointerstitial nephritis) 第三节 泌尿系统肿癌

泌尿系统 urinary system 泌尿系统包括肾脏( kidney) 输尿管( ureter)、膀胱( bladder) 及尿道( urethra)。肾脏不但是重 要的排泄器官,也是维持机体内环 科境稳定的重要调节器官和内分泌器

Chapter 4 The General Description Difinition: means the study of viscera(alimentary system, respiratory system,urinary system and