6.1 Electron-deficient multi-center bonds and electron-deficient molecules 6.2 Chemical bonds in the coordination compounds 6.3 Ligand Field Theory (LFT) 6.4 π- back Bonding (π-馈键) 6.5 Metal cluster 6.6 Carbon clusters 6.7 Hydrogen Bonding

❖ 第一节 电子光学基础 ❖ 第二节 电子与固体物质的相互作用 ❖第三节 透射电镜（TEM） ❖第四节 扫描电镜 ❖第五节 电子探针(Electron Micro￾probe Analysis, EMPA or EPMA) 第六节 扫描隧道显微镜 (STM) 第七节 原子力显微镜 (AFM) 第八节 电子显微镜分析在材料研究中的应用 ❖ 一、形态、精度的分析 ❖ 二、元素的存在状态分析 ❖ 三、玻璃的非晶态结构分析 ❖ 四、材料断面的研究 ❖ 五、晶界（微观研究） ❖ 六、微区结构分析 ❖ 七、高分子材料的研究

• What is SEM? • Working principles of SEM • Major components and their functions • Electron beam - specimen interactions • Interaction volume and escape volume • Magnification, resolution, depth of field and image contrast • Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) • Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (WDS) • Orientation Imaging Microscopy (OIM) • X-ray Fluorescence (XRF)

➢ Introduction and motivation ➢ Electron identification ➢ Photonic background ➢ Current status and future plan ➢ Summary

(1) Hole particle current from E to B (2)Electron particle current from B to E (3)Recombination current in B (4) Hole particle current originating in E and reaching C (5)Reverse electron particle current from c to B (6) Reverse hole particle current from b to c (What is difference between \current\ and\particle current ? OE F Schubert, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 2003

Chapter One Nitrogen Family(Group V) Central contents 1. Know the general properties of elements of the nitrogen group and inert electron pair effect 2. Know the reactions of ammonia, understand the thermal decomposition trend of ammonium salts 3. Know the properties of nitrous acid and nitrites; understand the structure of nitric acid and nitrate radical; understand the thermal decomposition trend of nitrates

When in 1920 I resumed my studies of theoretical physics which had long been interrupted by circumstances beyond my control, I was far from the idea that my studies would bring me several years later to receive such a higl and envied prize as that awarded by the Swedish Academy of Sciences each year to a scientist: the Nobel Prize for Physics. What at that time drew me towards theoretical physics was not the hope that such a high distinction

电子自旋的概念是 Pauli在1924年首先提出的。1925年, S.A. Goudsmit和 G Uhlenbeck用它来解释某种元素的光谱精细结构获得成功 Stern和 Gerlaok也以实验直 接证明了电子自旋磁矩的存在。 电子自旋共振( Electron Spin Resonance)缩写为ESR又称顺磁共振( Paramagnetic Resonance它是指处于恒定磁场中的电子自旋磁矩在射频电磁场作用下发生的一种磁 能级间的共振跃迁现象。这种共振跃迁现象只能发生在原子的固有磁矩不为零的顺磁 材料中,称为电子顺磁共振。194年由前苏联的柴伏依斯基首先发现

Section B Microbial metabolism B2 Electron Transport, The Mitochon rion outer Inner Oxidative Phosphorylation and membrane membrane 阝- oxiantion of Fatty Acids 电子传递,氧化磷酸化和 脂肪酸的β-氧化

1．初步了解原子核外电子运动的近代概念、原子能级、波粒二象性、原子轨道和电子云概念。2．了解四个量子数对核外电子运动状态的描述，掌握四个量子数的物理意义、取值范围。3．熟悉s、p、d原子轨道的形状和方向。4．理解原子结构近似能级图，掌握原子核外电子排布的一般规则和s、p、d、f区元素的原子结构特点。5．会从原子的电子层结构了解元素性质，熟悉原子半径、电离能、电子亲和能和电负性的周期性变化。 1.1 亚原子粒子Subatomic particles 1.2 波粒二象性— 赖以建立现代模型的量子力学概念 Wave-particle duality — a fundamental concept of quantum mechanics 1.3 氢原子结构的量子力学模型— 波尔模型 The quantum mechanical model of the structure of hydrogen atom —Bohr’s model 1.4 原子结构的波动力学模型 The wave mechanical model of the atomic structure 1.5 多电子原子轨道的能级 Energy level in polyelectronic atoms 1.6 基态原子的核外电子排布 Ground-state electron configuration 1.7 元素周期表 The periodic table of elements 1.8 原子参数 Atomic parameters