Section IFundaments of MicrobiologyBacterial Cell Structure
Section I Fundaments of Microbiology Bacterial Cell Structure
Key WordsProkaryoticOuter membraneEubacteria (Bacteria)Periplasmic spaceOxidative phosphorylationArchaebacteria (Archaea)EukaryoticSpheroplast/protoplastPlasmidFlagellaChromosomeChemotaxisRibosomeAxial filamentPeriplasmic binding proteinPeptidoglycan (murein, mucopeptide)Gram stainPermeasesGram negativeStorage GranulesPili (fimbriae)Gram positiveCell envelopeCapsule (slime layer, glycocalyxCell membraneEndospore (spore)Cell wallSHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
Key Words Prokaryotic Outer membrane Eubacteria (Bacteria) Periplasmic space Archaebacteria (Archaea) Oxidative phosphorylation Eukaryotic Spheroplast/protoplast Plasmid Flagella Chromosome Chemotaxis Ribosome Axial filament Peptidoglycan (murein, mucopeptide) Periplasmic binding protein Gram stain Permeases Gram negative Storage Granules Gram positive Pili (fimbriae) Cell envelope Capsule (slime layer, glycocalyx) Cell membrane Endospore (spore) Cell wall SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
KEY WORDSCell envelopeTeichoic acidCell wallWall teichoic acidCell membraneLipoteichoic acidOuter membraneMycolic acidlipoproteinPeptidoglycanPorinsEndospore (spore)Cell divisionLipopolysaccharideSHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
KEY WORDS Cell envelope Teichoic acid Cell wall Wall teichoic acid Cell membrane Lipoteichoic acid Outer membrane Mycolic acid Peptidoglycan lipoprotein Porins Endospore (spore) Cell division Lipopolysaccharide SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
EUKARYOTESPROKARYOTESBACTERIA ARCHAEASHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
PROKARYOTES PROKARYOTES BACTERIA BACTERIA ARCHAEA ARCHAEA EUKARYOTES EUKARYOTES SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
Eukaryotes· Other cell-based life e.g- plants- animals-fung!SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
Eukaryotes •Other cell-based life e.g. –plants –animals –fungi SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
Eukaryotic cellProkaryotic cell(e.g. animalFlagellumCell membraneNucleoidCell wallRough endoplasmicreticulumNucleusGram+PiliGram-..CapsulGranuleCell (inner) membrane Outer membraneCytoplasmRibosomesCell wallMitochondria
Eukaryotic cell Prokaryotic cell Rough endoplasmic reticulum Mitochondria (e.g. animal) Nucleus Cytoplasm Gram+ Cell wall Nucleoid Cell membrane Flagellum GramCell (inner) membrane Outer membrane Ribosomes Granule Cell wall Capsule Pili
Prokaryotic Cell (versus Eukaryotic CellNot compartmentalizedCell membranes lack sterols (e.gcholesterol)Single circular chromosome Ribosomal are 70S- subunits? 30S (16S rRNA)? 50S (5S & 23S rRNA)SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
Prokaryotic Cell (versus Eukaryotic Cell) Prokaryotic Cell (versus Eukaryotic Cell) • Not compartmentalized • Cell membranes lack sterols (e.g. cholesterol) • Single circular chromosome • Ribosomal are 70S - subunits • 30S (16S rRNA) • 50S (5S & 23S rRNA) SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
(BacteriaProkaryotes· Eubacter "True" bacteria- human pathogens- clinical or environmental? Archaea- Environmental organismsSHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
Prokaryotes (Bacteria) •Eubacter "True" bacteria – human pathogens – clinical or environmental • Archaea – Environmental organisms SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
ArchaebacteriaBacteria versusEubacteriapeptidoglycan (murein muramic acid Archaebacteria- pseudomurein- no muramic acid16S rRNAsequence very differentSHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
Bacteria versus Archaebacteria • Eubacteria – peptidoglycan (murein) – muramic acid • Archaebacteria – pseudomurein – no muramic acid • 16S rRNA sequence very different SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
Members of EubacteriaBacteriaMycoplasmaSpirocheteRickettsiaChlamydiaActinomyceteSHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
Members of Eubacteria Bacteria Mycoplasma Spirochete Rickettsia Chlamydia Actinomycete SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY