I.简介 科学研究的方法 Observation Collection of scientific facts through observation and measurement Hypothesis A tentative,testable statement about the natural world that can be used to build more complex inferences and explanations Testing Development of observations, experiments,and models to test(and,if necessary,revise)the hypothesis after much testing and experimentation ↓ Theory In science,a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that can incorporate facts,laws, logical inferences,and tested hypotheses Figure I-5 The scientific method
科学研究的方法
II.海水的特性 B.海水的特性 a. 粘度:低粘度 b. 温度:范围窄 C 压力:高压 d. Salinity(盐度): e. Dissolved gas(溶解性气体):O2,CO2 f. 海水密度 Acidity and alkalinity(酸碱性):slightly alkaline the carbonate buffering system(碳酸盐缓冲系统) 透明度:高透明度
II. 海水的特性 B. 海水的特性
O2(uM) CO2(uatm) 0 50 100150200250 300 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1000 1000 人 North Atlantic North 2000 Atlantic 2000 E E North 3000 3000 Pacific 4000 4000 North 5000 Pacific 5000 (a) (b) Seawater dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide variation with depth. Depth profiles for the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans showing concentration of(a)oxygen and (b)carbon dioxide. 00
Surface salinity variation. Surface seawater temperature(red curve)is lowest at the poles and highest at the Equator.Surface seawater salinity(green curve)is lowest at the poles,peaks at the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn,and dips near the Equator. 8016014012000806040220 80° Temperature(C) 0 1020 30 60° 60 North 40 ATLANTIC OCEAN 40 Tropic of Cancer 0 Tropic of Cancer 20 Equator Latitude 0° Equator 20 20° Tropic of Capricom Tropic of Capricorn ATLANTIC 40° OCEAN South 60 60° Salinity (o) 8 32 33 34 35 36