Protozoa
Protozoa
General Properties of protozoa Protozoa are one-cellled animals with full vital functions They may be freeliving or parasitic Protozoa are minute parasites and can only be visualized under the mIcroscope
▪ General Properties of protozoa ▪ Protozoa are one-celled animals with full vital functions. ▪ They may be freeliving or parasitic. ▪ Protozoa are minute parasites and can only be visualized under the microscope
Basic structure Protozoa, the whole body consists of a singular cell. a protozoan cell is composed of 1)plasma membrane n2) cytoplasm:a. ectoplasm(外质)b endo|asm(内质) nucleus
Basic structure ▪ Protozoa, the whole body consists of a singular cell. A protozoan cell is composed of : ▪ 1)plasma membrane ▪ 2)cytoplasm : a. ectoplasm(外质) b. endoplasm(内质) ▪ 3)nucleus
Life cycle patterns One-host form( direct) One stage form - Trophozoite Two stage form-Trophozoite& Cyst TWO-host form(indirect) Mammals mammals Mammals insect vectors
Life cycle patterns One-host form (direct) One stage form – Trophozoite Two stage form – Trophozoite & Cyst ▪ Two-host form (indirect) Mammals --- mammals Mammals --- insect vectors
Locomotion(运动) flagella(鞭毛) cilia(纤毛) pseudopodia(伪足
▪ Locomotion(运动): ▪ flagella(鞭毛) ▪ cilia(纤毛) ▪ pseudopodia(伪足)
Pathologic characteristics of protozoa 1. Multiplication(增殖) 2. Diffusion(disperse 3. Opportunistic pathogen(机会致病) Classification of protozoa According their locomotion organelles, protozoa can be divided into four groups Amoebae, flagellates, ciliates and sporozoan
Pathologic characteristics of protozoa ▪ 1. Multiplication (增殖) ▪ 2. Diffusion (disperse ) ▪ 3. Opportunistic pathogen (机会致病) ▪ Classification of protozoa: ▪ According their locomotion organelles, protozoa can be divided into four groups: Amoebae, flagellates, ciliates and sporozoan. ▪
Ecological Niches in the Human Body 1. Skin: Leishmania 2. Eye: Acanthamoeba 3. Mouth: Amoebae and flagellates (usually non-pathogenic) 4.Gut: Giardia, Entamoeba(and invasion to liver), Cryptosporidium sospora, Balantidium 5. Genitourinary Tract Trichomonas
Ecological Niches in the Human Body: ▪ 1. Skin: Leishmania ▪ 2. Eye: Acanthamoeba ▪ 3. Mouth: Amoebae and flagellates ▪ (usually non-pathogenic) ▪ 4.Gut: Giardia, Entamoeba (and invasion to liver), Cryptosporidium, Isospora, Balantidium ▪ 5. Genitourinary Tract : Trichomonas
Ecological Niches in the Human Body: 6 Bloodstream Plasmodium Trypanosoma 7. Spleen: Leishmania 8. Liver: leishmania. Entamoe ba 9. Muscle: Trypanosoma cruzi 10. central nervous system: Trypanosoma, Naegleria, Toxoplasma, Plasmodium
Ecological Niches in the Human Body: ▪ 6. Bloodstream: Plasmodium, ▪ Trypanosoma ▪ 7. Spleen: Leishmania ▪ 8. Liver: Leishmania, Entamoeba ▪ 9. Muscle: Trypanosoma cruzi ▪ 10. central nervous system : Trypanosoma, Naegleria, Toxoplasma, Plasmodium
Medical protozoa Pathogenic Opportunistic parasite Not normally pathogens Become pathogenic due to impairment of host resistance Clinical importance of the AlDS epidemic Opportunistic parasites An infection by a microorganism that normally does not cause disease but becomes pathogenic when the body's immune system is impaired and unable to fight off infection
Medical Protozoa ▪ Pathogenic ▪ Opportunistic parasite ➢ Not normally pathogens ➢ Become pathogenic due to impairment of host resistance ➢ Clinical importance of the AIDS epidemic ▪ Opportunistic parasites ▪ An infection by a microorganism that normally does not cause disease but becomes pathogenic when the body's immune system is impaired and unable to fight off infection
Pathogenic Intestinal Amoeba Entamoeba histolytica 溶组织内阿米巴
Pathogenic Intestinal Amoeba Entamoeba histolytica 溶组织内阿米巴
